We report a case of classic Kaposis sarcoma(KS) in a 74-year-old man who had asymptomatic red-dish-blue or dark-brown macules, papules and nodules on his bo hower extrimities. The biopsy specimen showed typical histopathologic features of FS including a highly vascularized lesion with a proliferation of spindle-shaped cells accompanied by etravasated erythrocytes and variable number of inflammatery cells. Many of the spindle-shaped cells associated with the proliferating vessels in KS lesion expressed factor VIII-related antigen. He was treated with 1500 cGy of radiation(300 cGy per day for 5 successive day. Four weeks after radiotherpy, gross and histopathologic findings were mucl improved and healed leaving hyperpigmentation.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Radiotherapy* ; Sarcoma* ; von Willebrand Factor

No abstract available.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Head* ; Hematoma*

No abstract available.
Frontal Bone* ; Humans

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a syndrome accompanied with the abnormal secretion or function of insulin, a hormone that plays a vital role in controlling the blood glucose level (BGL). Type 1and 2 DM are most common form and the prevalence of the latter is recently increasing. The aim of this article was to assess whether Type 2 DM could act as a predisposing risk factor on the pulpo-periapical pathogenesis. Previous literature on the pathologic changes of blood vessels in DM was thoroughly reviewed. Furthermore, a histopathologic analysis of artificially-induced periapical specimens obtained from Type 2 diabetic and DM-resistant rats was compared. Histopathologic results demonstrate that the size of periapical bone destruction was larger and the degree of pulpal inflammation was more severe in diabetic rats, indicating that Type 2 DM itself can be a predisposing risk factor that makes the host more susceptible to pulpal infection. The possible reasons may be that in diabetic state the lumen of pulpal blood vessels are thickened by atheromatous deposits, and microcirculation is hindered. The function of polymorphonuclear leukocyte is also impaired and the migration of immune cells is blocked, leading to increased chance of pulpal infection. Also, lack of collateral circulation of pulpal blood vessels makes the pulp more susceptible to infection. These decrease the regeneration capacity of pulpal cells or tissues, delaying the healing process. Therefore, when restorative treatment is needed in Type 2 DM patients, dentists should minimize irritation to the pulpal tissue un der control of BGL.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Vessels ; Collateral Circulation ; Dentists ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Insulin ; Microcirculation ; Neutrophils ; Prevalence ; Rats ; Regeneration ; Risk Factors ; United Nations

OBJECTIVE: The authors analyze the incidence, etiological and prognostic factors between contralateral and ipsilateral delayed epidural hematoma after evacuation of initial hematoma and to formulate recommendations for early detection of evolving hematoma and improvement of outcome. METHODS: Between July 1997 and December 1999, 417 patients underwent craniotomy at department of neurosurgery to evacuate an acute posttraumatic intracranial hematoma. Analysis of these clinical and neuroradiologic data showed that we underwent a second operation on 24 patient(5.8%) for removal of delayed epidural hematoma. In 10(2.4%) of these patients the second operation was undertaken to evacuate a new hematoma that had developed at a contralateral side from the initial hematoma. In 14 patients(3.4%), the second operation was to remove a epidural hematoma at the same site as the first craniotomy. RESULTS: 24 patients were divided into two groups. In Group A, 10 patients who developed contralateral delayed epidural hematoma were 31.5 years(11-61) of age and had skull fracture at the site of delayed epidual hematoma formation. Two of these patients revealed severe brain swelling during the evacuation of acute subdural hematoma. Eight of them were diagnosed within 24 hours after craniotomy through immediately postoperative computed tomography scan. In Group B, 14 patients who developed ipsilateral epidural hematoma were 56.1 years(27-75) of age. Six of them had hemorrhagic tendency related to past medical history. Eleven of these patients were associated with thrombocytopenia and consumptive coagulopathy when required second operation. Twelve patients were diagnosed within 48-72 hours after craniotomy due to clinical deterioration or failure to improve. There was no significant difference in outcome between two groups. CONCLUSION: The authors sought differential factors between contralateral and ipsilateral delayed epidural hematoma. Delayed epidural hematoma after craniotomy may need an urgent operation or lead to serious complication or disability. Postoperative computed tomography scan, intracranial pressure monitoring and repeat computed tomography scan within 72 hours of injury are strongly recommended in these cases, especially after decompression of cranial cavity.
Brain Edema ; Craniotomy ; Decompression ; Hematoma* ; Hematoma, Subdural, Acute ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Pressure ; Neurosurgery ; Skull Fractures ; Thrombocytopenia

OBJECTIVE: The elderly population is rapidly growing, and the population over age 65 is expected to increase. To evaluate factors that determine recovery in this population, we report a clinical analysis of 77 elder patients of mild head trauma over 65 years of age. METHODS: The medical records were reviewed retrospectively for 77 head-injured patients aged 65 to 85 years who were admitted to our institution between March, 1995 and December, 1999. The outcome was compared with age, sex, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and radiologic characteristics. RESULTS: As in all age groups, males predominated and motor vehicle accidents accounted for a highest proportion(35%). Of the traffic accidents, pedestrian injuries were more common. The single most common lesion was subdural hematoma. The initial radiologic findings were not correlated with outcome. The GCS score was statistically correlated with prognosis. Sixty-one patients(79.2%) had favorable outcome. Ten of seventy-seven patients(13%) died whereas cerebral injury accounted for 5 deaths. Non-cerebral causes of death were composed of pneumonia, multi-organ failure and sepsis. The mean hospitalization was 52.3+/-12.6 days. CONCLUSION: The mortality rate after injury is higher in elderly patients. It is therefore the factors of intracranial and extracranial cause which influence survival and outcome be carefully treated. Neurologic deficits, even though mild, are the risk factor of poor prognosis in the elderly. Earlier identification of risk and aggressive support may be needed for decreasing the morbidity and the mortality in the elderly.
Accidents, Traffic ; Aged ; Cause of Death ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Head* ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Motor Vehicles ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Pneumonia ; Prognosis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis

Inverted follicular keratosis is a benign epithelial tumor occurring most frequently on the face or scalp of older persons as a firm, skin-colored papule. It may rarely occur from a pre-existing nevus sebaceus as a secondary tumor. Herein we report a case of inverted follicular keratosis arising from a pre-existing nevus sebaceus in a 47-year-old male. He presented with a keratotic erythematous dome-shaped tumor which suddenly developed from a pre-existing yellowish papillomatous plaque on his scalp. Histopathological findings of the secondary lesion revealed a proliferating epithelial tumor with numous squamous eddies in the center, consistent with inverted follicular keratosis.
Humans ; Keratosis* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nevus* ; Scalp

In order to investigate the ecological factors affecting milk intake frequency of adolescents, the questionnaire survey was conducted with 929 middle and high school students living in Chungnam urban area through October and November 2004. The subjects consumed milk 8.6+/-6.7 times per week, other beverages 4.4+/-4.1 times per week and drinking water 3.7+/-2.1 cups per day. Of the students 77.3% took balanced meals, 72.8% ate regularly and 36.2% ate adequate amount. About 61% had breakfast everyday and nearly a half students snacked once a day. Nutritional knowledge scores about milk was 7.2+/-1.7 and milk attitude scores was 28.1+/-6.5. The subjects spent daily 1.8+/-1.1, 1.9+/-1.1, and 1.0+/-0.5 hours for computer use, TV watching and exercise, respectively. Milk intake frequencies were positively correlated with excercise, snack frequency, meal balance and regularity, breakfast frequency, food attitude score and milk preference, while showed negative correlationships with TV watching and computer use. Intake frequency of fruit-tasted and chocolate milk showed inverse correlation with nutritional knowledge. Subjects without either school store or vending machine took milk more frequently than those with one or both did. Of the correlated variables, milk preference was the most important influencing factor to milk intake frequency according to the stepwise linear regression analysis, which presented other 5 important influencing factors as food attitude, school vending facilities, excercise, snacking frequency and watching TV. In conclusion, the improvement of milk preference is the most important and effective way to promote milk consumption in adolescents. The favorite ways of drinking milk, nutritional benefit of milk, healthy beverage and good snacking should be taught in nutrition education. Also physical activities should be recommended to students rather than watching TV, computer use and vending facilities selling soft drinks should be limited to be established inside school.
Adolescent ; Beverages ; Breakfast ; Cacao ; Carbonated Beverages ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Drinking ; Drinking Water ; Education ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Meals ; Milk* ; Motor Activity* ; Questionnaires ; Snacks*

In order to study milk preference and intake pattern of adolescents, the questionnaire survey was conducted with 929 middle and high school students residing in Chungnam cities through October and November 2004. Of the subjects, 56.3% liked milk or liked very much. They preferred chocolate and fruit-tasted milk to plain milk. Reasons for liking milk were for health and its taste, while the reasons of disliking were unpleasant smell and stomach upset. However those who disliked milk did like milk products such as ice-cream, yogurt or cheese. Of the students 35.1% drank milk 2 times or more a day, while 11.8% drank milk less than 2-3 times a month. As a whole they drank milk 8.6+/-6.7 times a week, of which 4.3+/-3.1 times for plain milk. Daily intake amount was estimated as 308+/-315mL. Middle-school students and boys drank more milk than high-school students and girls, respectively. Among the students 64.3% used to drink 1 cup of milk at a time, and 58.3% drank only milk without other foods. It was shown that 51.8% took milk school-serviced and their milk intake frequencies were higher than those of who were not given school milk service. Also milk intake frequencies was higher in students whose mother were housewives than in students whose mother had jobs. Milk preference, intake frequency, and one portion size showed significant and positive correlations each other. In conclusion, milk intake level of the subjects was insufficient and unpleasant smell and stomach upset were the main reasons which decreased milk preference and consumption. Students with low milk preference should be guided with how to drink milk deliciously, how to choose milk type and its products. It is also effective to go into school milk service and to provide milk at home anytime. As students like much fruit-tasted and chocolate milk, the milk processing industries should take their nutritional and health benefits into considerations importantly.
Adolescent* ; Cacao ; Cheese ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Female ; Humans ; Insurance Benefits ; Milk* ; Mothers ; Portion Size ; Questionnaires ; Smell ; Stomach ; Yogurt

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate complications in 70 patients who had underwent endovascular treatment to occlude cerebral aneurysms. METHODS: From May 1999 to December 2002, we treated 70 patients by endovascular treatment or by combination of endovascular treatment and surgery. Complications have been developed in fifteen patients. Twelve patients had anterior circulation aneurysms: 4 posterior commmuncating artery ; 2 anterior communicating artery ; 2 paraclinoid artery ; 2 anterior choroidal artery ; 1 distal internal carotid artery ; 1 middle cerebral artery ; 1 pericallosal artery and three patients had posterior circulation aneurysms: 3 basilar artery tip. RESULTS: The complications related to the coil embolization were the thromboembolic event in 9 cases, rupture of the aneurysm in 3 cases, coil prolapse in 3 cases and coil migration in 1 case. CONCLUSION: The coil embolization can be a alternative good modality in the treatment of cerebral aneurysms. But careful attention should be required to reduce the various complications of procedures and to improve the prognosis of aneurysmal treatment. Effort to overcome the technical problem and to develop more comfortable device are needed for the better results of endovascular treatment.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Basilar Artery ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Choroid ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Prognosis ; Prolapse ; Rupture