Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis, an typical form of progressive lipodystrophy, is a disease mainly decribed in japanese infants. We report a case of lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominals infantilis in Korean infant. The patient is a 2 year-old-girl with a coin sized well defined depressed lesion with surrounding redness and scaly changes in the right inguinal region. The skin from the depressed lesion revealed changes similar to those originally described by Imamura et al.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Humans

PURPOSE: To analyze the fitting characteristics of contact lens, according to the clinical findings keratoconus of in Koreans. METHODS: The topographic indices were evaluated in 106 keratoconic eyes of the 53 patients, who had been followed up for at least 1 month, and their fitting pattern parameters retrospectively analyzed. The visual acuity, epithelial erosion, glare, daily lens wearing time, pain and the changes in the topographic indices were evaluated after fitting. RESULTS: The number of eyes fitted with spherical RGP, aspherical RGP and multicurve RGP were 19, 6 and 81 eyes with mean base curve radius (BCR) of 7.67, 7.17, and 6.76 mm, respectively. The Sim K and temporal K 3 mm from the center were significantly correlated with the BCR. 77 eyes achieved visual acuity of 20/30 or better, and the mean daily wearing time was 11.6 hours. Glare and pain were reported in 4 and 7 eyes, respectively, and progression of epithelial erosion was found in 8 eyes. The mean anterior elevation and sim Kmax in lens intolerable eyes were 0.0745 mm and 59.35 D, which were significantly higher than 0.0584 mm and 54.22 D in lens tolerable eyes. No progressive keratoconic changes were observed in the topographic indices for the eyes fitted with the multicurve lenses. CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate fitting guide-lines could be established by analyzing the fitting and clinical characteristics in keratoconus.
Glare ; Humans ; Keratoconus* ; Radius ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Fingers*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate elders' experience in a mentoring program and preferred characteristics of the program. METHODS: Two hundred and ten elders dwelling in Sungnam-si, Korea participated in the survey from April 1 to May 30, 2008. Using SPSS Win 10.0, descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and t-test were performed. RESULT: About two thirds of the elders had experience as a mentee, and a large number of them reported that it was helpful. Compared to those without, the elders with the mentee experience were more likely to perceive that it is easier to build a mentor-mentee relationship. The most common reason for wanting a mentee experience was loneliness, whereas the most frequent reason for not wanting was feeling a burden when meeting a stranger. Preferred characteristics of a mentoring program differed between the elders who had the mentee experience and those who did not. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that a mentoring program is highly likely to provide psycho-social support to the elderly. Also, a large number of the elders who had never had a mentor-mentee relationship wanted to have it in the future. This study suggests that healthcare professionals include a mentoring program in healthcare services for the elderly, considering preferred characteristics of a mentor-mentee relationship.
Aged ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Korea ; Loneliness ; Mentors*

PURPOSE: To investigate adhesion complex formation in cultivated human limbal epithelium after transplantation into the chemical burn model. METHODS: human limbal epithelial cells were cultured on amniotic membrane that had not undergone dispase treatment. Laminin V was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The adhesion complex was examined by electron microscopy. Cultured epithelium was transplanted into limbal deficient rabbits induced by chemical burn and mechanical limbal removal. The transplanted rabbits and the controls with mechanical wounding were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. The adhesion complex was examined by electron microscopy. RESULTS: Linear staining was observed against laminin V at 4-week culture but matured adhesion complex was not found. Graft failure developed in 3 rabbits (25%) after transplantation. Morphologically identifiable hemidesmosomes appeared at 1 week and matured adhesion complex with continuous basement membrane was found at 3 weeks. The mean numbers of hemidesmosomes/2.25 micro meter were 2.3 +/- 0.9, 2.5 +/- 0.5, 5.2 +/- 1.0, and 4.0 +/- 0.9 at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, respectively. The adhesion assembly nearly recovered to the level of that in the human cornea (3.7 +/- 60.11) at 3 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Adhesion complex of cultivated limbal epithelium did not developed in vitro, but the assembly was almost completed at 3 weeks after transplantation in vivo.
Amnion* ; Basement Membrane ; Burns, Chemical* ; Cornea ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium* ; Hemidesmosomes ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laminin ; Microscopy, Electron ; Rabbits ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: To evaluate the difference of the central graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty and limbal allograft transplantation from different donors vs from the same donor. MATERIAL and METHODS: Three patients diagnosed with chemical burn and one with Stevens-Johnson syndrome were included. Three patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty and limbal allograft transplantation from different donors and one underwent the same operation from the same donor. Mean follow-up was 13 months. Visual acuity, re-epithelization and endothelial rejection were examined. RESULTS: Re-epithelization occurred within 3 to 14 days (mean 8.7 days) in three eyes with chemical burn. Visual acuities ranged from light perception to 20/100. Endothelial rejection developed in the eye transplanted from the same donor. Re-epithelization failed in the eye with Stevens-Johnson syndrome even though limbal graft transplantation and cultivated limbal epithelium transplantation were performed repeatedly. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal endothelial rejection seemed to decrease after penetrating keratoplasty and limbal allograft transplantation from different donors.
Allografts ; Burns, Chemical ; Epithelium ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating* ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ; Tissue Donors* ; Transplants* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To investigate the recovery time associated with refractive and corneal topographic changes after discontinuing short term wear of reverse-geometry contact lenses in low and moderate myopic patients. METHODS: Twenty-four eyes of 12 patients who were fitted with Ortho-K LK(TM) lenses for a mean duration of 7.9 months were divided into two groups based on the mean manifest refraction (MR) of -3.50D. In groups I (mean MR -2.83D) and II (mean MR -4.00D), uncorrected visual acuity, refractive correction, and topographic changes were evaluated at 3 days; 1, 2, and 3 weeks; and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after discontinuation of lens wear. Corneal thickness was measured at its center and 3.0 mm from its center. RESULTS: The uncorrected visual acuity, mean spherical equivalent, and average apical keratometric indices recovered at 2 weeks and 1 month after discontinuation of lens wear in groups I and II, respectively. Mean Sim K and corneal thickness recovered at 1 and 2 weeks in groups I and II, respectively. All of the recovered indices remained stable at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Recovery of corneal changes after short-term use of reverse-geometry lenses was achieved at 2 weeks in cases of low myopia (less than -3.50D) and at 1 month in cases of moderate myopia (more than -3.50D), with both remaining stable to the 6-month mark.
Contact Lenses ; Humans ; Myopia* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: In order to know the clinical characteristics of pediatric optic neuritis in children, an analysis was performed on 23 patients with onset of the disease before the age of 16 years from 1995 to 2000. METHODS: The degree of initial visual loss, subsequent visual recovery, magnetic resonance images and associated diseases were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: There was no female predilection in the study group (43%), with a mean age of 8.9 years at presentation. Involvement was bilateral in 87% of patients. A preceding febrile illness within 2 weeks of the onset of visual symptoms was reported in 39% of patients. Of the 43 involved eyes of 23 patients, disc swelling was present in 51%, and central/cecocentral scotoma in 58% of the involved eyes. With a mean follow-up of 14 months, 79% of the patients had final vision of > or = 20/40. Twenty-four (96%) of 25 eyes receiving intravenous steroid treatment, and 10 (56%) out of 18 eyes without intravenous steroids, showed a final visual acuity p> or =20/40. Only one patient (4%) with multifocal signal abnormalities around the periventricular white matter developed multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the children with optic neuritis showed bilateral involvement with papillitis. The visual prognosis was relatively good and was particularly better in the patients receiving intravenous steroid treatment than in those without any treatment, however this study was not controlled. Although a longer follow-up period is required, the development of multiple sclerosis is rare in children with optic neuritis.
Child* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Optic Neuritis* ; Papilledema ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Scotoma ; Steroids ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: In order to prospectively investigate the causative mechanisms of visual loss in 42 patients referred to rule out optic neuropathy or diagnosed with optic neuropathy in other hospitals. METHODS: Thorough history taking and ophthalmologic examinations were performed. In some patients, evaluation of extraocular movement, nerve fiber layer photography, contrast sensitivity, visual evoked potential, electroretinogram and visual field were tested. RESULTS: Functional visual loss was most common(18 patients), followed by retinopathy(nine patients). Three patients suffered from amblyopia and glaucoma, respectively, two from keratoconus, pseudopapilledema, miscorrected refractive error, and Leber's congenital amaurosis, respectively, and one from cortical visual impairment. In the differential diagnosis of optic neuropathy, history taking and ophthalmologic examinations including pupillary light reflex, color vision test, nerve fiber layer photography, funduscopy and visual field test were useful. Especially the color vision test was very simple, but useful. CONCLUSION: Clinical entities including functional visual loss and retinopathy should be considered when diagnosing visual loss of unknown etiology.
Amblyopia ; Blindness ; Color Vision ; Contrast Sensitivity ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; Nerve Fibers ; Optic Nerve Diseases* ; Photography ; Prospective Studies ; Reflex ; Refractive Errors ; Vision Disorders ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields

We retrospectively evaluated datas on 61 cases of neonatal sepsis confirmed by clinical symptoms and blood cultures at the NICU of Gil general hospital From Mar. 1989, to Fed. 1992. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The mean gestational age was 32.7+/-2.6 Weeks in preterm infants, and 39+/-1.5 weels on term infants. The mean birth weight was 1,701.4+/-422.4 g in preterm infants, and 3,232+/-581.7 g in term infants. 2) There were 61 infants with neonatal sepsis identified among 13, 486 live births, resulting in an incidence of 0.45%. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.2:1. The incidencdence was higher in preterm infants (2.21%) than in term infants (0.27%). 3) The most commom presenting symptoms of neonatal sepsis were apnea and bradycardia (53.6%) in preterm infants, jaundice (33.3%) in term infants 4) The concurrent diseases in neonatal sepsis were urinary tract infection (UT)(25%), pneumonia (21%), hyaline membrane disease (21%) in the order of frequency. Hyaline membrane disease (33.3%) was the most frequently associated disease in preterm infants, UTI (41.4%) in term infants 5) Gram positive organisms were isolated in 33 casess (52%), gram negative organisms in 30 cases (48%). The most common ortanism isolated from blood cultures was CONS (28.6%). The more common organisms in preterm infants were CONS (26.7%), Enterococcus (23.3%) and Klebsiella (10%). CONS (30.3%), E. Coli (27.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (12%) were more frequent in term infants. 6) The significant diagnostic laboratory findings for neonatal sepsis were leukopenia ( < or =5000), I:T 0.16, thrombocytopenia ( <150,000/mm3), CRP> or =1+.2 or more of abnormal hematologic values were significantly more frequent in preterm infants (P< 0.05). 7) The risk factors associated with neonatal sepsis were endotracheal intubation (57%), birth ashyxia (Apgar score< or =6 at 5 min.)(39%) and umbilical catheterization (35.7%) in preterm infants, while endotrachial intubation (12.1%), birth ashyxia (12.1%) and premature rupture of membrane ( > or =24hrs)(9.0%) in term infants. 8) Early onset neonatal sepsis (72< or =hr of age) was found in 40 cases (65.6%). 9) The overall mortality rate of neonatal sepsis was 26.0%(39,3% in preterm infants, 15.2% in term infants). The mortality rate was significantly high in pseudomonas infection. 10) In low birth weight infants, the susceptibility to neonatal sepsis was greatest in the infants of lowest birth weight (1,00-1,500 gm) and the mortality rate was inversely proportional to birth weight. 11) Sensitivity to antibiotics in gram postitive organisms were chlorampjenicol (37%), Erythromycin (29%), ampicillin (26%) and cephalothin (26%). It clearly showed that newer antibiotics such as vancomycin is neccessary. In cases of gram negative organisms, sensitivity to antibiotics were amikacin (85%), gentamicin (65%), tobramycin (58%) and cephalothin (54%).
Amikacin ; Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Apnea ; Birth Weight ; Bradycardia ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cephalothin ; Enterococcus ; Erythromycin ; Female ; Gentamicins ; Gestational Age ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hyaline Membrane Disease ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Jaundice ; Klebsiella ; Leukopenia ; Live Birth ; Male ; Membranes ; Mortality ; Parturition ; Pneumonia ; Pseudomonas Infections ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Rupture ; Sepsis* ; Sex Ratio ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Thrombocytopenia ; Tobramycin ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vancomycin