No abstract available.
Humans ; Inpatients*

BACKGROUND: This study compared the incidence of emergence agitation and the recovery profile from sevoflurane anesthesia after thiopental sodium, propofol or ketamine induction in pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy. METHODS: Forty eight children aged 1-7 years undergoing high ligation due to an inguinal hernia were examined. All patients received a 0.004 mg/kg glycopyrrolate injection for premedication prior to induction and were randomly assigned to receive thiopental sodium 5 mg/kg (Group T, n = 16), propofol 2 mg/kg (Group P, n = 16) or ketamine 1 mg/kg (Group K, n = 16) for induction. The side effects during the induction time were checked. All patients received sevoflurane (2-2.5 vol%)-N2O (2 L/min)-O2 (2 L/min) for the maintenance of anesthesia. Ventilation was given to assist spontaneous ventilation using a facial mask. The agitation score, pain score, discharge score, incidence of emergence agitation and postoperative side effects in the three groups were assessed at the recovery room and compared. RESULTS: The emergence time in Group T (7.5 +/- 1.8 min) was significantly rapid. The agitation and pain scores were significantly low in Group P. The discharge score was more rapid in Groups P and K than in Group T. The incidence of emergence agitation was similar in all three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although recovery was faster and emergence agitation was low in the propofol group, propofol induction was not smooth compared with thiopental or ketamine induction. The incidence of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy was similar in the thiopental sodium, propofol or ketamine induction groups.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Child ; Dihydroergotamine* ; Glycopyrrolate ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Herniorrhaphy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ketamine* ; Ligation ; Masks ; Premedication ; Propofol* ; Recovery Room ; Thiopental* ; Ventilation

On October 4, 2018, an outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with sapovirus occurred among elementary school students in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Epidemiologic studies were conducted in a retrospective cohort approach. Using self-administered questionnaires, we collected information on symptoms and food items consumed. Of the 999 subjects, 17 developed patients that met the case definition. The main symptom was vomiting (100%), and the symptomatic age was 6-12 years. Positive samples were identified by conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for sequencing. They were classified into genotype GI.3 by phylogenetic analysis. This is the first report of an outbreak associated with sapovirus GI.3 in Korea.

Castleman's disease(CD) is a rare benign tumor characterized by hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue. It can occur in almost any l ocation, with 70% in the mediastinum, 7% in the retroperitoneum, and only 2% in the perirenal area. Approximately 80% of primary retroperitoneal tumors are malignant, so tumor resection and differential diagnosis with other retroperitoneal tumors is important. We present a case of a hyaline-vascular type CD in the pararenal area, detected incidentally during evaluation of a urinary calculus, with a review of the literature.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia ; Hyperplasia ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Mediastinum ; Urinary Calculi

BACKGROUND: CD44 is a cell surface adhesion molecule which has been implicated in various biologic functions as lymphocyte homing and activation, cellular migration and extracellular matrix adhesion. Over-expression of CD44v8- 10 has been found in several cancers and is considered to be associated with tumor progression and metastasis. Recently, a novel molecular method, CD44v8- 10/CD44v10 competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) has been developed for detecting cancer cells over-expressing CD44v8-10. METHODS: We analyzed from benign and malignant pleural effusion and ascites by CD44 competitive RT-PCR and compared to the conventional cytology. RESULTS: The CD44 competitive RT-PCR analysis showed that all the 24 samples associated with benign disease presented a predominant expression of the CD44v10 transcript (v8-10/v10 ratio: 0.126-0.948), whereas 6 of 7 malignant pleural samples associated with cytology positive cancer expressed the CD44v8-10 transcript (v8-10/v10 ratio > 1.00). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that CD44 competitive RT-PCR assay is a useful and adjunct to cytological examination in cancer diagnosis, especially in detecting exfoliated cancer cells in pleural effusion.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD44/analysis* ; Ascites/pathology* ; Ascites/immunology* ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology ; Comparative Study ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pathology ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/immunology ; Human ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Lung Neoplasms/chemistry ; Male ; Middle Age ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant/pathology* ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant/chemistry* ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't