No abstract available.
Foot* ; Hand* ; Paresthesia*

BACKGROUND: This study investigated and evaluated the clinical outcomes of intra-articular lesions of traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation (TASD) associated with greater tuberosity (GT) fracture of the humerus. METHODS: Subjects included 20 patients who were surgically or non-surgically treated for GT fracture of the humeurs with TASD, and followed-up for at least 2 years. The mean follow-up period was 54.1 months (range, 24–105 months). Of the 20 patients, 12 were treated surgically. Intra-articular lesions were identified randomly on magnetic resonance imaging scans (repeated thrice) by experienced radiologists and orthopedic surgeons. The accompanying intra-articular lesions were left untreated. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by Simple Shoulder Test (SST) and Western Ontario Shoulder Instability index (WOSI) at the last follow-up. RESULTS: Intra-articular lesions were identified in 19 patients: 7 Bankart lesions, 15 humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament lesions, 3 glenoid avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament lesion, and 6 inferior capsular tears. Two or more intra-articular lesions were identified in 6 patients. The mean SST score was 10.9 and the mean WOSI score was 449.3 at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: For GT fracture of the humerus with TASD, a high frequency of diverse intra-articular lesions was identified. There were no incidence of recurrent shoulder dislocations, and good clinical outcomes were obtained without treatment of the intra-articular lesions. We thereby comprehend that although intra-articular lesions may occur in TASD associated with GT fracture of the humeurs, merely treating the GT fracture of the humerus is sufficient.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus* ; Incidence ; Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ontario ; Orthopedics ; Shoulder Dislocation* ; Shoulder* ; Surgeons ; Tears

Suppurative arthritis of the knee is a well known complication following intra-articular injection of steroids on the other hand, tuberculous arthritis following such injection is rare. From January, 1981 to April, 1986, 46 patients of tuberculous arthritis of the knee were admitted to Severance Hospital and Yong-Dong Severance Hospital of Yonsei University College of Medicine. Among them 22 patient (48%) had a history of intra-articular injection of steroids and we analyzed them. The results were as follows: 1. The average age was 48.6 years (3–71 years). And sex ratio was in 1:2.7 as female predominant. 2. Initial diagnosis before the steroid injection were osteoarthritis (13 patients), rheumatoid arthritis (6 patients), and traumatic arthritis (3 patients). The fifty percent of the patients were injected by the local practitioner and fourty five percent had a history of accupuncture and moxa cautery. The preoperative diagnosis (diagnosis on admission) were tuberculous arthritis (12 patients), pyogenic arthritis (5 patients), rheumatoid arthritis (3 patients) and osteoarthritis(2 patients). 3. The number of intra-articular injection ranged from 2 to 100 times (average 12.8) during periods ranging from 1 month to 4 years (average 19.2 months). And interval between last injection and confirmation of tuberculous arthritis ranged from 1 week to 2 years (average 7.0 months). 4. Eight patients (36%) had a active or inactive pulmonary tuberculosis. 5. The positive cultures of typical Mycobacteria tuberculosis were obtained from 11 patients 59%). 6. The modalities of treatment were synovectomy or curettage in 16 patients and arthrodesis in 6 patients. And all patients were treated by antibuberculous chemotherapy. In conclusion, we observed that tuberculous arthritis developed not infrequently after intra-articular injection of steroids. And we considered the causes of tuberculous arthritis following intra-articular injection of steroids were; 1) reactivation of dormant injection or hematogenous, spreed due to interferance of host defence mechanisms, 2) contamination by the instrument and equipment, 3) aggravation of preexisting tuberculous lesions. Whenever one try to inject the steroid into joint, bacterial culture foi the pyogenic organism including tuberculosis and fluid analysis from the joint fluid should be done before the injection. We recommend that other method for the confirmation for the tuberculosis is needle biopsy of the synovium. If the symptoms are not improved after injection or the joint shows inflammatory reaction, one must discontinue the injection and reexamine the joint fluid analysis and culture for the confirmation of the infection.
Arthritis ; Arthritis, Infectious ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthrodesis ; Biopsy, Needle ; Cautery ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Methods ; Osteoarthritis ; Sex Ratio ; Steroids ; Synovial Membrane ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Fractures of the proximal humerus in children are rare and according to Neer and Horwitz, fractures of the proximal humeral epiphysis constitute 3% of all epiphyseal injury. The most frequently reported complications are humeral shortening, varus angulation, and neurovascular complications. Closed anatomic reduction in frscture of the proximsl humerus is very difficult, so reported modes of treatment have ranged from aggressive attempts at reduction to simple neglect. Twenty nine fractures of the proximal humerus in children which were treated at Seve- rance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine from July 1982 to December 1986 were snalyzed both clinically and radiologically and the following results were obtained. 1. The age of the patients in this series ranged from 3 years to 18 years and the most frequently between the age of 12 years to maturity. And the oldest age was 18 years in male and 17 years in female. 2. Among the 29 frsctures, 21 cases were involving the proximal humeral epiphysis and all the injuries were Salter-Harris type Il epiphyse14 fracture. And 8 cases were fracture through the proximal humeral metaphysis not involving epiphysis. 3. Sixteen cases(55%) hsd associated injuries and the common associated injuries were fracture of the lower extremity, and fracture of same upper extremity were 5 cases(17%). 4. The fracture were graded according to their initial displacement(Neer snd Horwitz) and grade I, 6 cases, grade II, 3 csses, grade , 5 cases and grade IV were 15 cases. 5. Eight cases of grade I and II fractures were treated by simple immobilization. And among the twenty cases of grade III and 1V fractures, 12 cases were trested by closed reduction and immobilization and 9 cases, by open reduction. 6. Regardless of displacement of fractures and modes of treatment, all cases were united between six weeks to twelve weeks with full range of motion and no pain. 7. There were two cases of K-wire loosening, two cases of transient nerve palsy and one case of varus angulation.
Child ; Clinical Study ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Humans ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Paralysis ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Upper Extremity

PURPOSE: Detrusor instability (DI) is a main cause of persistent voiding difficulty after TURP in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). So we retrospectively estimated the effect of TURP in BPH patients with DI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 81 patients who had undergone TURP due to prostatism, 35 patients with BPH were followed at 3 weeks and 6 months postoperatively (21 without DI cases vs. 14 with DI; 6 persistent DI, 7 resolved DI, 1 missing case at 3 weeks and 4 persistent DI, 7 resolved DI, 2 missing cases at 6 months). We compared each group using symptom score (IPSS) and urodynamic parameters. RESULTS: Each irritative and obstructive symptoms were significantly improved in both group (p<0.05). The maximal flow rate (from 12.2 to 25.4ml/sec), average flow rate (from 8.9 to 15.2ml/ sec), residual urine volume (from 135.9 to 39.1ml) in patients without DI and maximal bladder volume (from 150.0 to 203.7ml), maximal flow rate (from 12.5 to 18.6ml/sec), residual urine volume (from 65.7 to 26.0ml) in patients with DI were improved significantly (p<0.05) after TURP, but other parameters were not improved (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in all parameters between 3 weeks and 6 months postoperative period (p>0.05). The amplitude of improvement had no significant difference between two group. There were no significant differences in IPSS and urodynamic parameters between persistent and resolved DI group. CONCLUSION: We suggest that TURP is good therapeutic option even in BPH patients with DI at short term postoperative period, but attempt to predict which patients would have persistent DI following TURP was failed.
Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatism ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urodynamics*

PURPOSE:There were many controversies whether constitutional delay of growth and puberty(CDGP) is simple varient of normal growth pattern, or one of the cause of growth disturbance induced by the disturbance of growth hormone secrtion or its function. So we studied about the difference in serum peak growth hormone level after insulin, L-dopa provocation test, and serum IGF-I leve between constitutional delay of growth and puberty(CDGP) and familial short stature(FSS). METHODS:Measurement of serum peak growth hormone and insulin like growth factor-I(IGF-I) level after insulin, L-dopa provocation test were performed in 33 children with costitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP). Two groups of children with familial short stature (FSS) whose height were below 10 percentile for chronologic age of Korean national height standards were included as control groups. RESULTS: 1)There were no significant difference of serum peak growth hormone level between children with CDGP and children with FSS and these results were similar in both sex. 2)The mean serum IGF-I level of children with CDGP were 125.69+/-4.06 ng/ml(71.53-189.34ng/ml) in male, 157.7+/-3.17ng/ml(81.9-279.2ng/ml) in female. Both results were significantly lower to those of FSS children by chronologic age group because the mean serum IGF-I level of FSS children were 190.19+/-7.97ng/ml (87.64-297.6ng/ml) in male, 205.47+/-15.87ng/ml(61.7-433.1ng/ml) in female. But compared to FSS children by bone age of 72-96 months, there were no significant difference noted because the mean serum IGF-I level of children with FSSwere130.47+/-0.27ng/ml(63.24-198.2ng/ml)inmale,162.35+/-9.43ng/ml(54.9-217.53 ng/ml) in female. CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study showed that the serum peak growth hormone level after insulin, L-dopa provocation test with children of CDGP revealed no significant difference with those of FSS children in both sex. Serum IGF-I level of CDGP children was lower significantly to those of FSS children by chronologic age group, but no much difference with FSS children of bone age group.
Adolescent ; Child* ; Female ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Insulin* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Levodopa* ; Male ; Puberty*

Variant angina is characterized by repeated attack at rest associated with ST-segment elevation on ECG and caused by the spasm of coronary artery. But, the pathogenesis of spasm is not well known. A 44-year old man was transferred for the management of intramural hematoma at descending thoracic aorta and uncontrolled hypertension. We started to control hypertension with nitroprusside, propranolol, amlodipine, and doxazocin. At 4th hospital day, severe chest pain, dizziness, and diaphoresis were developed, and ECG showed not only ST-segment elevation on lead II, III, aVF but also 2 degree AV block(Mobitz type II). CK-MB revealed 52.3 ng/dl. When coronary angiography performed emergently, it showed total occlusion of right coronary artery (RCA) and diffuse minimal narrowing of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). After nitroglycerin was infused via right coronary catheter, the RCA was opened completely, and reperfusion arrhythmia was developed. Medication were changed to nifedipine, diltiazem, nicorandil, isosorbide mononitrate and he had no more chest pain.
Adult ; Amlodipine ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Catheters ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; Diltiazem ; Dizziness ; Electrocardiography ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Isosorbide ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Nicorandil ; Nifedipine ; Nitroglycerin ; Nitroprusside ; Propranolol ; Reperfusion ; Spasm

Osteopoikilosis is condensing or sclerosing osteopathy which is generally believed to be congenital anomalies and heriditary in nature. Osteopoikolosis or osteopathia condensans disseminata is a condition which is ralatively rare in the medical literature. It is characterized by a disseminated condensation of the bones of the skeleton without clinical symptoms. Lesion are usually multiple and symmetrically distributed and consist of numerous regularly arranged trabeculae of varying thickness arranged, for accumulated in the epiphyses and metaphyses of long bones, and in the pelvis, hands and feet, but they may be found in any bone; the cranial bones are rarely affected. In view of the rarity of this congenital bone disease, the following 6 examples are recorded.
Bone Diseases ; Epiphyses ; Foot ; Hand ; Osteopoikilosis ; Pelvis ; Skeleton

Two cases with uretero-pelvic stricture of which the one was 15 year-old girl and the other was 10 month-old child, underwent pyelo-ureteroplasty by the technique of Foley YV plasty, was reported.
Adolescent ; Child ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Humans ; Infant

The authors studied the plasma cholesterol levels in 39 rats (Sprague-Dawley) after 4 weeks administration of etretinate and/or fish oil. The study groups were as follows.'13 rats recieved etretinate only;13, fish oil only;13, both ertetinate and fish oil. Cholesterol levels were determined by standard enzymatic methodology. The results were as follows. Tot,al-cholesterol levels in rats following administration of ertetinate only were increased(p<0.05), but the levels in rats receiving fish oil only and both etretinate and fish oil were markedly decreased(p<0.01). HDL-cholesterol levels in rats following administration of fish oil and both etretinate and fish oil were decreased(p<0.01). The ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total-cholesterol in rats receiving fish oil only and both etretinate and fish oil were increased(p<0.05) because of markedly decreased total-cholesterol levels.
Acitretin* ; Animals ; Cholesterol* ; Etretinate* ; Plasma* ; Rats*