No abstract available.
Ephedrine* ; Rabbits*

In 1984, Gustilo subgrouped type III open fracture into III a, III b and III c according to the severity, soft tissue damage and vascular injury. Type III c open fracture presents serious problems especially possible amputation due to vascular insufficiency, so emergency vascular surgery with bone fixation by using plate, IM nail fixator is mandatory. We reviewed 10 cases of type III c open fracture of the forearm and evaluated the bone healing process according to fixation method, intramedullary nailing and plating treated at Orthopaedic Department of Sung-Ae General Hospital from Feb. 1986 to Aug. 1988. The folliwing results were obtained: l. All cases were industrial accidents, 9 cases in right, and the mean age was 24.1 ranging from 17 to 34. 2. There were 4 cases of the radial & ulnar artery rupture and 6 cases of the radial artery rupture, 7 cases were treated end to end anastomosis and 3 cases with vein graft. 3. The fracture level of ulna & radius was same in all cases, 7 cases in distal one-third, 2 cases in middle one-third and 1 case in proximal one-third. 4. The average time of union was 14.1 weeks in the radius and 14.5 weeks in the ulna. 5. The fixation methods were plating in 7 cases and IM nailing in 3 cases. 6. The complications were non-union in 1 case, osteomyelitis in 2 cases and refracture in 1 case. 7. The functional result was excellent in 1 case, satisfactory in 3 cases, unsatisfactory in 5 cases, and failure in 1 case according to the rating system of Anderson.
Accidents, Occupational ; Amputation ; Emergencies ; Forearm ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Open ; Hospitals, General ; Methods ; Osteomyelitis ; Radial Artery ; Radius ; Rupture ; Transplants ; Ulna ; Ulnar Artery ; Vascular System Injuries ; Veins

Tarsometatarsal injury has not been paid much attention due to it is unusual frequency. But the cases of tarsometatarsal injuries are on the increase in proportion to the increasing "high energy trauma injury" resulted from the traffic and industrial accidents. The purpose of this study is both assessing the relative effects among clinical results, final radiologic findings, treatment results and symtoms. In view of the results so far achieved from 20 cases of tarsometatarsal fracture dislocation which had been treated at Sung-Ae general hospital from January 1990 to December 1993, the results were as follows: 1. Thirteen cases were treated by open reduction and 3 cases were treated by closed reduction with smooth pins but no reduction loss were experienced. 2. Traumatic arthrosis could be observed in 14 cases but there were no influences on the functional end results. 3. Anatomical results correlated with pain. 4. Anatomical or neraly anatomical reduction was considered as most important factor of prognosis.
Accidents, Occupational ; Dislocations ; Hospitals, General ; Prognosis

Due to the instability of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients, various methods of reduction and fixation were introduced to obtain stable reduction and solid union, But there have been many controversies regarding advantages between anatomical reduction group and non-anatomical reduction group. The authors analyzed the 68 unstable intertrochanteric fractures out of total 94 cases of intertrochanteric fractures treated from Jan. 1988 to Jan. 1994 with mean follow-up 17 months and evaluated the radiologic and clinical results between those two groups. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The most common cause was low energy injury and according to the Tronzo classification, the type III was most common in 54 cases (79.4%). 2. The average union time was 14.0wks (84%), the union rate was low in the medialized reduction group(A-P) and anterior displaced reduction group(A-P), anterior displaced and anatomical reduction groups(Lateral). 3. The compression length more than 10mm of lag screw was deep in medialized reduction group(A-P), another displaced and anatomical reduction groups(Lateral). 4. The average length of lag screw sliding was 9.2mm and depth sliding of 6.8mm (74%) was occurred within immediate postoperative 1 month.
Aged ; Classification ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Fractures ; Hip ; Humans

Multifocal pyogenic arthritis more than four joints is very rare and considered to be related with some conditions such as immune deficiency, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, steroid abuse, septicemia and gonococcal infection. In early stage, it is important to differentiate from acute rheumatic fever or acute rheumatic polyarthritis. Authors report a case of multifocal pyogenic arthritis on four joints simultaneously with good result.
Alcoholism ; Arthritis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Joints ; Rheumatic Fever ; Sepsis

Arterial dissection begins with spontaneous or traumatic rent of intima, which sometimes allows blood to penetrate the layers of the arterial wall. Dissections of the craniocervical arteries are separated according to whether they are extracranial or intracranial, spontaneous or traumatic. Dissection of intracranial portions of the carotid system is rare, but it may be one of the important causes of ischemic stroke in the young adults. Cerebral angiography, MRI, and Doppler sonography are important diagnostic methods in this case. Initial treatment with anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents are effective in many cases, but sometimes surgical method is recommended. We presented ischemic infarctions in young men secondary to traumatic and spontaneous intracranial arteries dissection
Anticoagulants ; Arteries* ; Cerebral Angiography ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Stroke ; Young Adult

Herpes zoster is a viral disease that produces inflammatory lesions in the posterior root ganglia and is characterized clinically by pain and a skin eruption in the distribution of the affected ganglia. Involvement of motor roots or the CNS occurs in a small percentage of the patients. There are few reports about multiple cranial and upper cervical nerve involvement. We report a herpes zoster with multiple cranial(VI, VII, VIII, XII) and upper cervical(C2,3) nerves involvement. The patient was a 79-year-old woman who presented with painful vesicular eruption on left side of face and neck. She complained of decreased hearing and hyperacusis of left ear. Neurologic examination showed decreased taste sensation of left anterior tongue, left facial palsy, and tongue deviation to the left side.
Aged ; Ear ; Facial Paralysis ; Female ; Ganglia ; Hearing ; Herpes Zoster* ; Humans ; Hyperacusis ; Neck ; Neurologic Examination ; Sensation ; Skin ; Tongue ; Virus Diseases

Torsion dystonia (TD) is a clinical syndrome characterized by prolonged spasms of muscle contraction, which distort the body into typical dystonic posture. The pathological or biochemical basis of either the familial types or of most sporadic forms of idiopathic or primary TD is unknown. We present a 40-year old man who showed a kinesigenic axial dystonia with ipsilateral upper extremity atrophy for 14 years. The symptoms and signs were spontaneous onset, nonprogrwsive course, and induced by voluntary activity but relieved by rest and sleep and responded to trihexyphenidyl medication.
Adult ; Atrophy* ; Dystonia Musculorum Deformans ; Dystonia* ; Humans ; Muscle Contraction ; Posture ; Spasm ; Trihexyphenidyl ; Upper Extremity*

Torsade de pointes (TdP) is a form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is associated with prolongation of the QT interval. Although it occurs in many clinical settings, torsade de pointes is most commonly caused by drugs. The second generation antihistamines, including terfenadine and astemizole, have little sedation or other adverse effects on the CNS. They have been used widely to treat various allergic diseases, but it has been reported that overdoses or combinations with antifungal agents or macrolide antibiotics may lead to TdP. We report a case of TdP that occured during com-bination therapy of terfenadine and ketoconazole.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antifungal Agents ; Astemizole ; Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating ; Ketoconazole* ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Terfenadine* ; Torsades de Pointes*

Optic nerve evulsion is a visually devastating and rare manifestation resulting in sudden visual loss after ocular trauma. The several hypothesis of mechanism include penetrating orbital injury causing a backward pull on the optic nerve, extreme rotation and forward displacement of the globe, and sudden increase in intraocular pressure causing rupture of the lamina cribrosa. The authors report a case of optic nerve evulsion in a 25- year old man who was struck in the right eye with a umbrella. The diagnosis was made by fundoscopic findings, fluorescein angiography, visual evoked potential, electroretinography, orbit computed tomography and magnetic resonance image.
Diagnosis ; Electroretinography ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Intraocular Pressure ; Optic Nerve* ; Orbit ; Rupture