Nine adult healthy rabbits were used in this study.In these animals attemptswere made to produce lesions in different parts of the cerebellar hemispheres.Largelesions of the left cerebellar hemisphere were produced by an aspiration technique.Small lesions of the cerebellar cortex or of the dentate nucleus were produced bystereotaxic electrolysis.All animals were sacrificed 3～7 days after the operation.The brains were cut at 25～30 ? in serial transverse sections on freezing microtome.The sections were stained with Fink-Heimer method.The degenerating fibers and terminals are found in the bilateral nuclei of Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅵ cranial nerves The degenerations are predominant in the contralateraloculomotor nucleus but less in the ipsilateral side.On the contrary,it is slightlydominant in the ipsilateral trochlear and abducens nuclei,but less in the contrala-teral ones.It is shown that these fibers arise from the dentate nucleus.The functional significance of this fibers system is discussed.

Twenty five adult healthy rabbits were used in this study. They were divided into three experimental groups. In the first group, the great part of the left eerebellar hemisphere including the dentate nucleus was sucked out, a stereotaxic lesion of the left dentate nucleus was made, or a small part of the cerebellar cortex of hemisphere was destroyed. In the second group, the great part of the vermis was aspirated, the left fastigial nucleus or the vermal cortex was damaged with the stereotaxie electrolysis. In the third group, the left paraflocculus was sucked out. The animals survived for 3～8 days. The serial frozen transverse sections of the brain stem together with the cerebellum were cut at 25～30 ?m and stained with the Fink-Heimer method. The degenerating fibers in sections were traced under light microscope.The results are as follows:1. The first group: The degenerating fibers from the left dentate nucleus enter into the ipsilateral brachium conjunctivum, some of them emerge from the medial side of the brachium eonjunetivum, then proceed forward and pass through the trigeminal mesencephalie nucleus and end into the ipsilateral nucleus eaeruleus and subcaeruleus. But no degenerating fibers within nucleus caeruleus are observed if a lesion only injured the cerebellar cortex of hemisphere.2. The second group: Except the projection to the cerebellar central nuclei and other regions of the brain stem, some degenerating fibers arising from the vermis (including vermal cortex and fastigial nucleus) ascend up into bilateral nucleus parabrachialis and a few of them enter into the ventral part of the brachium conjunctivum. These degenerating fibers continue forward to the rostral end of the pons and pass through the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus to terminate in locus caeru leus and subcaeruleus.3. The third group: A few degenerating fibers from the paraflocculus terminate in the locus caeruleus.The functional significance of the cerebellocaeruleus projection was discussed.

Objective:To study the morphological characteristics of the mental canal and its relation to the mandibular canal and incisor nerve canal.Methods:The anterior parts of the mandibular canal, the mental canal and the origin of the incisor nerve canal were dissected and measured directly on 13 cases of Chinese wet mandible specimens fixed with formalin. The mandibular canal, the mental canal and the incisor nerve canal of another 21 sides of decalcified mandibles were dissected and measured. Results:The anterior terminal part of the mandibular canal divided into mental canal and incisor nerve canal. Most of the mental canal bended backward, upward and outward then opened to the mental foramen. Mental canal's length was (5.61?1.07) mm averagely and its diameter (2.53? 0.47) mm. The horizontal distance from the anterior border of mental foramen to the anterior end of mandibular canal was (2.82?1.29) mm. The vertical distance from the inferior border of mental foramen to the superior border of mandibular canal was (3.83?1.43) mm. The angle between mental canal and mandibular canal was (63.57?13.71)?. Mental canal contained mental nerve and mental blood vessels. Conclusions:The anterior end of mandibular canal extends and becomes mental canal then opens to the mental foramen.

Objective　To investigate the motor nerve innervation of uvala muscle. Methods　Horseridish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing technique was used in conjunction with selective intracranial severing of cranial nerve rootlets in 8 rabbies. Results　Following HRP injection into uvala muscles, labeled motoneurons were located in the rostral section of nucleus ambiguus. No labeled motoneurons were found in the facial nucleus. Labled motoneurons were ipslaterally abolished after the cranial rootlets of accessory nerve on one side were intracranially severed. Conclusions　Uvala muscles are innervated by the motoneurons in the nucleus ambiguus. The axons of those motoneurons come out of the cranium through the cranial rootlet of the accessory nerve, then join the vagus， distributed via the pharyngeal branches of vagus.

Objective To explore the method to correct nasal deformity of the bilateral complete cleft lip and to eveluate the benefits of this teachnique.Methods Sixteen patients with the bilateral complete cleft lip were consecutively chosen to correct the nasal deformity of the bilateral complete cleft lip.We performed an open approach to facilitate alar cartilage manipulation while repairing the bilateral complete cleft lip,and elevated the prolabial flap for reconstructing the continuity of orbicularis oris musele artery by anatomizing and protecting the prolabial-columellar artery.Nasal columella length and wideth,nasal wideth,ratio of nasal length to face length,ratio of nasal wideth to the distence of nasolabial angle were analyzed after a minimum of 10 years after surgery.These were compared with those in a normal,age-matched control group.Results Appreance of nose and lip of 16 patients after surgery were satisfying and long-term results were good by following-up for 10 years.Columellar length and ratio of nasal length to face length were not significantly different from that of the control group.Nasal wideth,columella wideth,tip projetion and nasolabial angle were all significantly greater in the cleft group than the normal (P＜0.05).Conclusions Prolabial flap manipulation is a safe approach by using anatomizing the columellar-labial artery.This teachnique is effective and yields good long-term results.

OBJECTIVETo study relationship between facial nerve root and its surrounding vessels.

METHODS49 sides facial nerve root and its surrounding vessel were dissected and observed.

RESULTSFacial nerve root and its surrounding vessels forming compression was found to be 24.5% (12/49), creating contact was found to be 14.3% (7/49). The main vessels compressed or (and) contacted facial nerve root were anterioinferior cerebellar artery (68.4%), posterioinferior cerebellar artery (4.1%), malformed vertebral artery (4.1%) and anterioinferior cerebellar vein.

CONCLUSIONSFacial nerve root compressed by offending vesselsare was mainly cause of hemifacial spasm.

Adult ; Blood Vessels ; anatomy & histology ; innervation ; physiopathology ; Facial Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; blood supply ; physiopathology ; Hemifacial Spasm ; physiopathology ; Humans