Objectives: To observe the radiological and pathological changes of flow diverting sent implanting into abdominal aortae of rabbits at 3 months and to evaluate the safety of stents for normal arteries of rabbits. Methods: The abdominal aorta beyond the left renal artery opening was showed via preoperative angiography. The flow diverting stents with metal coverage of 35% to 45% were implanted into the abdominal aortae of 20 New Zealand white rabbits. Intravenous digital subtraction angiography was performed at 4 weeks after the procedure. Arterial digital subtraction angiography was performed for all the animals at 3 months and they were sacrificed for histopathological examination. The angiography showed that the diameter changes of abdominal aortae on the stenting sites at different time points were measured and compared. The relationship between the neointima and the metal coverage of local stent were analyzed. Results: The mean diameter of the abdominal aortae before stenting, immediately after stenting, at 4 weeks, and at 3 months were 3.47 ± 0.44 mm, 3.65 ± 0.40 mm, 3.57 ± 0.36 mm, and 3.51 ± 0.30 mm, respectively. There were significant differences among the different time points (P=0.009). The neointima fully covered the stents with a mean thickness of 95 ± 42 μm. They were predominantly composed of smooth muscle cells, collagen fibers, and a small amount of macrophages. The neointimal thickness was positively correlated with the local coverage of the metal stents (r = 0.523; P = 0.001). Conclusion Three months after the implantation of flow diverting stents, the abdominal aorta intima thickened slightly, and the stents were safety for normal arteries of rabbits.

Objective To evalute effects of low calcium concentration dialysate on blood pressure,ionized calcium and serum endothelin-1 of uremic patient with hypertension during hemodialysis.Methods 60 uremic patients with hypertension during hemodialysis in the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were dialysated with different calcium concentration(1.75 mmol/L followed by 1.25 mmol/L).TO measurearterial blood pressure,ionized calcium and serum endothelin-1 before and after each dialysis session.Results The post-dialysis blood pressure,ionized calcium and serum endothelin-1 level of uremic patients using DCa1.75 with hypertension during hemodialysis were increased significantly than those of pre-dialysis and post-dialysis with DCa1.25(P

This paper introduces the temperature rising experimental process and some matters needing attention when the transformer is normally loading. And an analysis of the uncertainty for transformer's temperature rising is also made based on the practical examples' data.
Electricity ; Equipment Safety ; Temperature ; Uncertainty

Objective To detect the Yersinia pestis plasmid and molecular weight along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.Methods Yersinia pestis plasmids molecular weight detected and analyzed using alkaline lysis,phenol-chloroform extraction of Yersinia pestis plasmid by agarose gel electrophoresis.Results The 18 Yersinia pestis strains of Qinghai-Tibet Railway contained 6×106,45×106,52×106,65×106,92×106plasmid,varing in the range of the 52×106-92×106.Conclusions The Yersinia pestis of Qinghai-Tibet Railway has a standardplasmid graphics,with the biggest Yersinia pestis plasmid changing in a certain regular degree,which providessignificance in the study of plague natural foci of the spatial structure and the genetic.characteristics of Yersiniapestis.

Objective To report the surgical method and treatment outecome of transfer of free upper limb lateral bone-skin flap for repair of bone defects and nonunion in hand and forearm.Methods 17 cases of hand composite trauma,5 cases of forearm composite trauma and 2 cases of nonunion in forearm were treated with free bone-skin flaps in distal humerus,whose pedicle was the posterior branch of radical collateral artery. Area of the flap was 2cm?3cm to 8cm?10cm,length of exseeted bone was 3～6 cm.Results All the bone-skin flaps completely survived,the donor area all achieved primary healing,On postoperative 1～4 years follow-up,the texture of the flap was excellent,and bone union was obtained in all transplants,the donor area of distal lateral humerus became thicker and thicker with new cortical bones formed.According to the upper arm function assessment criterion issued by hand surgery association of Chinese medical association.The hand function had excellent results in 17 cases and good results in 2 cases.Conclusion The bone-skin flap has following advantages:easy dissection,reliable blood supply,and no major vessel needed to be sacrificed,so it is an effective method for repair of skin and soft tissue with bone defects in hand and forearm,It.also can be used to repair refractory nonunion in ulna and radius.

Drug Contamination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Fourier Analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; instrumentation ; methods

Comments were made on the word-for-word literal translation method used by Mr. Nigel Wiseman in A Practical Dictionary of Chinese Medicine. He believes that only literal translation can reflect Chinese medical concepts accurately. The so-called "word-for-word" translation is actually "English-word-for-Chinese-character" translation. First, he made a list of Single Characters with English Equivalents, and then he replaced each character of Chinese medical terms with the assigned English equivalent. Many English terms thus produced are confusing. The defect of the word-for-word literal translation stems from the erroneous idea that the single character constitutes the basic element of meaning corresponding to the notion of "word" in English, and the meaning of a disyllabic or polysyllabic Chinese word is simply the addition of the meanings of the two or more characters. Another big mistake is the negligence of the polysemy of Chinese characters. One or two English equivalents can by no means cover all the various meanings of a polysemous character as a monosyllabic word. Various examples were cited from this dictionary to illustrate the mistakes.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Terminology as Topic ; Translations

OBJECTIVETo analyze the epidemiology of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in molecular level in burn centre of Shanghai Ruijin hospital.

METHODSThe vicissitude of Staphylococcus aureus in the burn centre from 2003 to 2005 was analyzed with software WHONET5. Multiprimer random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) was used to analyze the homology of 17 MRSA strains.

RESULTSRAPD analysis (primer ERIC2 and RAPD7) showed that all 17 MRSA strains were identical (Burn-A type).

CONCLUSIONMRSA with same RAPD type is prevalent in our burn centre for many years, so emphasis should be laid on the anti-infection therapy and its cross infection control. Staphylococcus aureus;

Burn Units ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique ; Sequence Homology ; Staphylococcal Infections ; drug therapy ; microbiology

Objective To explore the clinical effect of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation(NPPV)for treatment of acute left heart failure after mitral valve replacement. Methods Sixty patients with acute left heart failure after mitral valve replacement in Xinxiang Central Hospital from April 2009 to August 2017 were selected. The patients were divided into control group and NPPV group,with 30 patients in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with double oxygen ab-sorption (mask and nasal catheter),strong heart,diuresis and dilated blood vessels. Based on the treatment of control group, the patients in NPPV group were treated with NPPV therapy. The plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proB-NP)level of patients in the two groups was monitored by rapid determination of immunofluorescence before treatment and 6,24 hours after treatment. The respiratory frequency,blood oxygen saturation,heart rate and oxygen partial pressure monitoring of patients in the two groups was monitored before treatment and 2,6 and 24 hours after treatment. Results The total effective rate of patients in the control group and NPPV group was 92. 4％(26 / 28)and 96. 6％(28 / 29)respectively;there was no sig-nificant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups(χ2 = 1. 25,P > 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the plasma NT-proBNP level between the two groups before treatment (P > 0. 05);the level of NT-proBNP at 6,24 h after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment in the two groups (P < 0. 05);the level of NT-proBNP of patients in the NPPV group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 6,24 h after treatment (P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the respiratory frequency,blood oxygen saturation,heart rate and oxygen partial pressure between the two groups before treatment(P > 0. 05). Compared with before treatment,the respiratory frequency and heart rate of patients were decreased and the blood oxygen saturation,oxygen partial pressure were increased at 2,6,24 h after treatment in the two groups (P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the oxygen partial pressure between the two groups at 2 h after treat-ment(P > 0. 05);the oxygen partial pressure of patients in the NPPV group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 6,24 h after treatment(P < 0. 05);there was no significant difference in the respiratory frequency,blood oxygen satu-ration and heart rate between the two groups at each time piont after treatment(P > 0. 05). Conclusion NPPV is an effective treatment for acute left heart failure after mitral valve replacement.

Objective To analyze the spatial epidemiological characteristics of measles in Taizhou from 2009 to 2017, so as to provide theoretical basis for measles prevention and control. Methods The spatial autocorrelation analysis and trend surface analysis of measles epidemics data from 2009 to 2017 in Taizhou were performed using ArcGIS 10.0 software. The dynamic characteristics of measles epidemics in Taizhou were analyzed. Results Among 2009-2017 years, the incidences of measles in Taizhou ranged from 0.83/1 million to 65.43/1 million. The results of global autocorrelation analysis showed that there were spatial correlations of the incidence of measles among 2012, 2013, 2015, and 2016 in Taizhou with a high-value clustering distribution. Local autocorrelation analysis indicated that the hot spots of measles incidence in Taizhou from 2009 to 2017 were mainly concentrated in the central towns of Taizhou. Trend surface analysis suggested that the measles incidence in the south towns of Taizhou was higher than that in the north in 2010, and the incidence in the central region was higher than those in other regions in 2013 and 2015. Conclusions According to the spatial analysis, autocorrelation was observed for the spatial distribution of measles incidence in Taizhou from 2009 to 2017, and there are hot spots in the central township. Targeted preventive measures should be taken based on these characteristics.