Helicobacter pylori (Hp),a proven pathogen of digestive disease,is closely associated with gastrointestinal diseases including peptic ulcer,chronic active gastritis,stomach cancer,and stomach-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Thus,precise and timely diagnosis of Hp is of great significance. In addition to C or C breath test,rapid urease test,and other commonly used Hp diagnosis methods,some new endoscopic techniques such as magnifying endoscopy,narrow-band imaging,confocal laser endomicroscopy,Fuji intelligent chromoendoscopy,and I scanning have been used for the direct observation of the fine-structure of stomach with Hp infection or for the identification of living Hp. This article reviews the application of digestive endoscopy in the diagnosis of Hp infection.

Chilling-sensitive rice varieties acquire chilling tolerance when their roots are exposed to water stress for short time. Caffeine-sensitive calcium signal was involved in this procedure. By using total RNA differential display, a chilling induced cDNA(ICT: induction of chilling treatment) was isolated from roots of chilling-sensitive rice variety. It was determined that it is a novel cDNA by homology searching. The transcript level of ict mRNA is up-regulated under chilling stress, it is decreased to low level when the samples were transferred to standard culture conditions. Pre-treated with mannitol for two hours is beneficial to inducing ICT level of expression. This chilling induction was inhibited by caffeine, suggesting that it may play a putative role in signal transduction of caffeine-sensitive calcium.
Cold Temperature ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; drug effects ; Mannitol ; pharmacology ; Oryza ; drug effects ; genetics ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism