No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Fetal Death*

To our knowledge, MR findings of neuroshistosomiasis has not been reported in Korea. A case of neuroshistosomiasis involving cerebellum and presumably spinal cord is reported. A 40 year old man who had lived in Middle East complained of low back pain and progressive paraparesis for 6 months, and subsequently developed headache, dizziness and diplopia. On cervical spine MRI, there was diffuse enlargement of cervical cord with increased signal intensity on T2 weighted image and nodular heterogenous enhancement after Gd-DTP^ administration. Brain MR imaging obtained 4 months later showed ill-defined, irregularly enhancing heterogenous mass in cerebellar vermis which was proved to be a granulomatous lesion containing shistosomiasis mansoni ova.
Adult ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Diplopia ; Dizziness ; Granuloma* ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea ; Low Back Pain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Middle East ; Myelitis, Transverse* ; Neuroschistosomiasis* ; Ovum ; Paraparesis ; Spinal Cord ; Spine

Many kinds of lumbar diseases cause lumbar segmental instability and/or limitation of motion. But, there is no reliable method for measuring accurate trunk motion. In order to measure relative trunk motion respect to the pelvis in vitro, external linkage type of spine motion analyzer was developed. Special programs for calculation of the relative angular motion and graphical display were also developed. The developed device was tested to compare spine motion pattern between 15 normal volunteers and 18 lumbar fusion patients in flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. It was rather simple and reliable method for spine motion analysis. And it was possible to measure not only angular displacement but also angular velocity and angular acceleration. There were more coupling motions in lateral bending and axial rotation than in flexion and extension. Compared to the normal subjects, patients showed different angular motion, especially in the angular acceleration. Optimal trajectory of the trunk motion derived from mathematical model in flexion and extension matched well with measurement for normal subjects.
Acceleration ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Pelvis ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Women with family history of breast cancer are more likely to be worried about having cancer and participate in breast cancer screening. However, few studies have examined relationship between family history, cancer worries, and participating in breast cancer screening in Korea. This study is to identify relationship between family history, cancer worries, and participating in breast cancer screening among women with and without family history of cancer. METHODS: Respondents were 2,364 women who based on the 2013 Korean National Cancer Screening Survey which is done by National Cancer Center in Korea. Chi-square tests were performed to determine differences of cancer worries, undergoing of breast cancer screening and methods such as mammogram and ultrasonogram with and without cancer family history. Univariate and multiple logistic regression were performed to identify if family history and cancer worries are related factors on participating in breast cancer screening and methods. Stratified analysis was performed to confirm the effect of ultrasonogram on the dense breast by age. RESULTS: Women with cancer family history frequently checked condition for conscious of having cancer (p=0.0299) and had highly perception of risk about having cancer in the future (p≤0.0001). Women aged 30–49 did not perform significantly more ultrasonogram than women aged over 50 years old. Checking condition (moderate odds ratio [OR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–2.08; frequently OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.08–1.76) and perception of risk (moderate OR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.06–7.06; high OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.20–8.08) were related to participate in mammogram and ultrasonogram. A positive family history was related to 1.35 higher odds of performing only breast ultrasonogram (95% CI, 1.04–1.75). CONCLUSION: This study requires national education and publicity to reduce the unnecessary cost of screening, to be possible cost effective screening and to encourage women to receive more mammogram, especially women aged over 50 years old and with socioeconomic factors related to opportunistic screening.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening* ; Odds Ratio ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Dialysis* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Lipid Metabolism* ; Lipoprotein(a)*

Visual display terminal(VDT) is popular in majority of office in modern countries. Musculoskeletal pain due to repetitive work with VDT is a serious industrial accident at present. In recent studies, shoulder pain in VDT users is the most common problem in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of exercises on shoulder dysfunction in VDT-related female office workers. Of the l19 patients with shoulder dysfunction, 32 patients entered into the study. 16 patients(Group I) were not prescribed exercises, other 16 patients (Group II) performed throughout the specific shoulder exercises such as pendular exercises(forward, backward and circumduction) and sidelying external rotation exercises with weights. After 3 months of exercises, the two groups were compared in term of the pain rating scale, disability questionnaire score and range of motion score. The results were summarized as follows ; l. The pain rating scale in Group I before and after 3 months were not differenced significantly(p value=0.784) and in Group II, the scale before and after exercises were differenced significantly(p value=0.0005). 2. The disability, questionnaire scores in Group I before and after 3 months were not differenced significantly(p value=0.437) and in Group II, the scores before and after exercises were differenced significantly(p value=0.0002). 3. The ROM scores of the affected shoulder in Group I before and after 3 months were not differenced significantly(p value=0.876) and in Group II, the scores before and after exercises were differenced significantly(p value=0.0017). In conclusion, that the specific shoulder exercises on shoulder dysfunction in VDT-related female office workers are encouraged.
Accidents, Occupational ; Exercise* ; Female* ; Humans ; Korea ; Musculoskeletal Pain ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder Pain ; Shoulder* ; Weights and Measures

The methods for the early diagnoses of breast cancer are mammography, physical examination, breast self-examination(BSE). This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge and practice of BSE by structured questionnaire which included questions on general characteristics, performance of mammography, physical examination of breast, knowledge and practice of BSE. The subjects in this study were 412 females between 20 and 69 years old who visit to the Health Care Center of College of medicine of Inje University from December 1997 to February 1998. The results were as follows: 1. Women who have gotten the regular mammography are 8.19% of these subjects and women who have gotten the regular physical examination by doctors are 4.19% of these subjects. 2. Regarding BSE, 77.4% of these subjects said that they knew BSE and 3.88% of these subjects said that they practiced BSE regularly. It was that women who knew BSE were more younger, better-educated and higher economic status(p=0.001) and lived a normal life with her husband(p=0.033). And women who practiced BSE regularly were more younger, and married(p=0.001). 3. The most common barrier to doing BSE is 'Do not see the needs/Worry unnecessarily', and the most common reasons for doing BSE is 'Early detection'. 4. The overall frequency and percentage distribution of recommended BSE step in Korea is lower than U.S.A.
Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast Self-Examination* ; Breast* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Mammography ; Physical Examination ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Statin (HMG-coA-reductase inhibitor) has been known to protect vessels from atherothrombosis through various mechanisms. In this study, we evaluated the effects of statin on reducing the platelet expressions of CD63 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) in subjects with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke. METHODS: Twenty-one patients (17 men, 4 women; mean age 59.0 +/- 10.2 years) with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke were recruited. They took simvastatin 20 mg per day for 90 days and discontinued for another 90 days. We studied the changes of platelet expressions of CD63 and CD40L in all the patients after the use and discontinuance of simvastatin using whole blood flow cytometry. RESULTS: After taking simvastatin 20mg for 90 days, the serum concentrations of LDL cholesterol decreased significantly (96.4 +/- 31.4 mg/dL, p<0.001) compared with those at the baseline (158.8 +/- 25.0 mg/dL). The platelet CD63 and C40L expressions were also significantly reduced by treatment of simvastatin 20 mg for 12 weeks (p<0.05). However, the effects of statin on CD63 and CD40L expressions disappeared after 12 weeks of cessation. Furthermore, changes of expressions of CD63 and CD40L by statin did not correlate with its cholesterol lowering effect (r=-0.311, p=0.386). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the use of statin may be a helpful strategy to regulate the platelet activation in patients with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke.
Blood Platelets* ; CD40 Ligand* ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors* ; Hyperlipidemias* ; Inflammation ; Male ; Platelet Activation ; Simvastatin ; Stroke*

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is one of the common health problem that has been considered as stress-induced. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between life style and the level of stress and IBS by structured questionnaire which included questions on life style, the self-esteemed gastrointestinal symptoms, and Psychosocial Well-being Index(PWI). Subjects were 1,498 male white collars who get the regular health check and participated in survey at Inje University Health Promotion Center from January to December, 1996. The overall prevalence of IBS was 37.5%(561 cases), and the level of stress by PWI score was higher in IBS group(41.8+/-14.2) than symptom-free group(34.6+/-12.6). As the result of comparison between the two groups, heavier smoking (adjusted OR=2.48, 95% CI 1.81-3.41), longer daily working time (adjusted OR=5.19, 95% CI 3.59-7.56), stimulatory food materials-mainly hot or salty (adjusted OR=1.87, 95% CI 1.44-2.45), higher body mass index (adjusted OR=1.80, 95% CI 1.27-2.57), and higher level of stress (adjusted OR=2.81, 95% CI 1.80-4.43) were estimated as risk factors of IBS. On the contrary, 6-8 hours sleeping per day (adjusted OR=0.38 95% CI 0.21-0.70), 3-4 times exercise per week (adjusted OR=0.57 95% CI 0.39-0.83), and tenure more than 20 years (adjusted OR=0.25 95% CI 0.16-0.35) were considered as protective factors to IBS. In summary, the assessment of the stress level might be placed in the first priority to control IBS, at least by some degree, which suggested that IBS could be controlled by avoiding such risk factors and by encouraging such protective factors.
Body Mass Index ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome* ; Life Style* ; Male* ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking