No abstract available.

A patient who had been complaining of slowly progressive proptosis for two months came to the authors`hospital. Brain MRI was taken promptly to show an intraorbital lesion highly suspicious of schwannoma. We performed an operation in concert with neurosurgeons in which the intraorbital mass was totally resected through orbitozygomatic and extradural approach. After the surgery, ptosis of right upper eyelid and right hypertropia of 22 prism developed as a complication. Another operation was performed 7 months after the initial resection of the mass, in which right inferior rectus muscle was recessed and a silicone sleave was inserted for right frontalis sling. No further complication developed thereafter. Presently, the patient has right hypotropia of 8 prism and only a few creases on right upper eyelid. Orbital schwannoma is a rare disease and comprises approximately 1 percent of all orbital tumors. The authors experienced postoperative double elevator palsy as well as sinus and intraorbital schwannoma. We report this case with review of the literature.
Brain ; Cavernous Sinus* ; Elevators and Escalators* ; Exophthalmos ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurilemmoma* ; Orbit* ; Paralysis* ; Rare Diseases ; Silicones ; Strabismus

No abstract available.
Nevus, Intradermal

No abstract available.
Hair Removal*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

The concentration of hyaluronic acid of rabbit vitreous was investigated after surgical procedures equivalent to intracapsular and extracapsular cataract extraction. Following intracapsular cataract extraction, the concentration of hyaluronic acid decreased significantly (79.0 +/- 55.7 ug/ml), whereas in eyes sujected to extracapsular cataract extraction, hyaluronic acid concentration was not significantly decreased(167.7 +/- 53.8 ug/ml).
Cataract Extraction ; Cataract* ; Hyaluronic Acid*

Onychomycosis is a relatively common fungal infection. Treatment modalities include oral and topical antifungals, surgical treatment or a combination of these therapies. But treatment failure is common and oral drugs may cause toxicity and potential drug interactions. Currently, there are few publications about the treatment of onychomycosis using photodynamic therapy or laser therapy. We report two cases of toenail onychomycosis treated by 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser.
Drug Interactions ; Laser Therapy ; Nails ; Onychomycosis ; Photochemotherapy ; Treatment Failure

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) of the neonatal rats through the study on the expression level of HIF-1α and its regulation factors: endothelin-1 (ET-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in blood serum and lung tissue.

METHODSTo make an HPH model of neonatal rats, 120 newborn Wistar rats were divided at random into two groups: HPH group and the regular oxygen controlled group with the same birthday. The rats of the two groups were put in the condition of hypoxia for 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 days and then 10 rats of HPH group and control group were picked up, their mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), serum HIF-1α, and iNOS, and ET-1 content were tested, and finally their lung tissue was taken after they were sacrificed and the expression level of the gene mRNA of HIF-1α, iNOS and ET-1.

RESULTS(1) The rats experienced hypoxia for 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 or 21 days had an increasing mPAP: [8.47 ± 1.45, 10.04 ± 1.69, 10.89 ± 2.97, 16.96 ± 1.97, 13.01 ± 1.93, 21.04 ± 2.13 (mm Hg)], which had a significant differences compared with control groups [5.11 ± 1.06, 8.12 ± 1.11, 8.77 ± 0.92, 12.23 ± 1.78, 8.89 ± 0.89, 11.09 ± 1.64 (mm Hg)] (P < 0.05). (2) The rats in hypoxia group had a higher serum HIF-1α [0.83 ± 0.07, 0.84 ± 0.17, 0.97 ± 0.13, 1.10 ± 0.30, 0.92 ± 0.19 (pg/nmol)] than the control group [0.26 ± 0.20, 0.37 ± 0.16, 0.44 ± 0.18, 0.41 ± 0.23, 0.66 ± 0.18 (pg/nmol)] as they experienced hypoxia for 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 days (P < 0.05); HIF-1α mRNA expression in lung tissue (1.301 ± 0.47, 1.032 ± 0.47, 1.453 ± 0.76) was also significantly higher than that of the control group (0.231 ± 0.26, 0.425 ± 0.59, 0.692 ± 0.13) (P < 0.05); serum ET-1 levels [51.50 ± 3.19, 44.1 ± 10.81, 56.85 ± 9.10, 52.91 ± 9.59, 51.16 ± 8.87, 50.21 ± 10.41 (pg/nmol)] were clearly higher than that of the control group [9.04 ± 2.85, 21.70 ± 8.78, 19.63 ± 9.66, 18.30 ± 7.32, 19.69 ± 5.92, 16.88 ± 6.14 (pg/nmol)] (P < 0.01); ET-1 mRNA expression in lung tissue (0.037 ± 0.018) was significantly increased after 3-day hypoxia as compared with control group (0.006 ± 0.004) (P < 0.05). Serum content of iNOS (5.62 ± 0.79) µmol/L was significantly higher than the control group (1.63 ± 0.67) µmol/L (P < 0.05) after a 3-day hypoxia, but there was no significant difference after a hypoxia for 5, 7 or 10 days, compared with the control group (P > 0.05), and the content of serum iNOS after hypoxia for 14 or 21 days (4.56 ± 0.96, 5.86 ± 1.76) µmol/L was lower than that of the control group (10.35 ± 1.99, 8.44 ± 2.76) µmol/L (P < 0.05). iNOS mRNA expression in lung tissue (0.035 ± 0.024, 0.332 ± 0.198, 0.527 ± 0.098) significantly increased after hypoxia for 3, 5 or 7 days as compared with the control group (0.005 ± 0.0001, 0.008 ± 0.002, 0.040 ± 0.012) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAs an initial factor, low oxygen made HIF-1α, ET-1 and iNOS expression raised in the pathogenesis of HPH of the neonatal rats and causedn a imbalance of ET-1 and NO. HIF-1α, ET-1 and iNOS altogether contributed to the occurrence and development of HPH in neonatal rats.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Arterial Pressure ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hypoxia ; complications ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; blood ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Artery ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo study the changes of pulmonary vascular remodeling in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) in neonatal rats.

METHODSNinety-six newborn Wistar rats were randomly divided into an HPH group (hypoxia exposure) and a control group (room air exposure). The mean pulmonary arteria pressure (mPAP), right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI), and vascular remodeling indexes MT% and MA% were measured 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after exposure (n=8 each time point). The ultrastructure of pulmonary vascular was observed under a transmission electron microscope.

RESULTSmPAP in the HPH group 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after hypoxia exposure increased compared with the control group (P<0.05). With the prolonged hypoxia time, mPAP in the HPH group increased more significantly. MT%, MA% and RVHI increased significantly in the HPH group after 7 days of hypoxia exposure in a time-dependent manner compared with the control group (P<0.05). The transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that small pulmonary arterials became thickened, endothelial cell hyperplasia and degeneration, and organelles increased in the HPH group after 7 days of hypoxia exposure. Besides, collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix and the changes of pulmonary vascular remodeling were observed.

CONCLUSIONSmPAP increases between 3 and 5 days of hypoxia exposure, resulting from pulmonary vascular spasm caused by hypoxia. After hypoxia of 7 days, the mPAP increases more significantly, pulmonary vascular remodeling occurs, and right ventricle becomes irreversibly hypertrophic. These changes may be intensified as the prolonged hypoxia time.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Blood Pressure ; Endothelins ; physiology ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; etiology ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; etiology ; Hypoxia ; complications ; Pulmonary Artery ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

As one of many cell-many cell-based cartilage repairing methods, transplantation of chondrocyte-embedded-collagen gels in cartilage defect was performed for more satisfactory regeneration of cartilage. The authors performed this study to investigate whether the TGF-beta1 treatment of chondrocytes can do some additional synergistic effect on the transplantation of chondrocyte-embedded-collagen gels for crtilage repair. Chondrocytes were isolated from the articular cartilage of newborn Sprague-Dawley rats. Chondrocytes cultured for 10 days in monolayer were embedded in the 0.45% type I collagen gel. Full-thickness cartilage defect was made in the patellar groove of adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Chondrocytes culdefect was made in the patellar groove of adult Sprague-Dawley rats. The cartilage defects were treated with the following methods in a total of 200 animals, which were assigned to 5 different groups of 40 rats. In the control group, the deffect was left without any treatment, in group I, the defect was filled with collagen gel only, in group II, with collagen gel coontaining 10 ng/ml concentration of TGF-beta1, in group III, with collagen gel containing chondrocytes, and in group IV, with collagen gel containing chondrocytes and TGF-beta1. At 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after the operation, eight rats of each group were sacrificed, and their distal femurs were harvested for the histologic and biomechanical tests. The section s were stained with hematoxilin and eosin. Alcian-blue, and Safranin-O. Regenerated cartilage was analyzed by the semiquantitative histological grading system. Point indentation test was performed as a biomechanical evaluation, and the stiffness was calculated. The results of the histological grading system revealed that the scores gradually increased with time in all groups, and the scores of group III and IV were higher than those of control, group I and II. The biomechanical study showed that the stiffness gradually increased to reach a plateau level in each group. In control, group I and II, the stiffness increased up to the eighth week and remained around the increased level at the twelfth week, and did not show any statistically significant difference between the groups. In group III and IV, the stiffness was higher than in control group, and increased markedly at the fourth week and the increased level was maintained onwards. The results of this study showed that the transplantation of chondrocyte-embedded-collagen gels enhanced the healing process, and the treatment of TGF-beta1 demonstrated at least partially significant improvement.
Adult ; Animals ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular* ; Chondrocytes ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Femur ; Gels ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1