P 2 purinoceptors were first subdivided into P 2X and P 2Y subtypes, and later this classification was broadened to include P 2T , P 2Z and P 2D subtypes. In the 1990s, a new kind of receptors was found, which respond to UTP, ATP and ATP?S, but not to 2 MeSATP or ?,? MeATP, this finding led to the definition of the so called “P 2U ” or “nucleotide” receptor. Most recent evidence demonstrated the existence of a pyrimidine receptor responding to UTP but not to ATP. For this case, IUPHAR (International Union of Pharmacology) committee recommended that P 2 purinoceptors be subdivided into P2X and P2Y subtypes, any subtypes of intrinsic ion channel be termed P2Xn, and any subtypes of G protein coupled receptor be termed P2Yn purinoceptors. With the development and application of the molecular biologic technique and the cloning and expression of the receptors, the classification was strongly confirmed.

Aim To study the effects of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) on the proliferation of Chinese esophageal carcinoma Eca-109 and hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells.Methods MTT assay was used to determine the inhibition of the proliferation of the two cultured tumor cell 1ines in vitro by ATP,adenosine(ADO) and uridine triphosphate(UTP).Morphological changes of the two cell lines induced by ATP were observed under light microscope.Results ATP(0.03～0.3 mmol?L~(-1)) and ADO(0.1～0.3 mmol?L~(1)) had inhibitory effects on Eca-109 and SMMC-7721 cells concentration-dependently,and the inhibition by ATP was stronger than that by ADO in both cell lines.For Eca-109 cell line,the maximal inhibition rate of the proliferation by ATP and ADO was 86.36% and 29.88%,and the IC_(50) was 0.056 and 0.823 mmol?L~(-1),respectively.For SMMC-7721 cell line,the maximal inhibition rate of the proliferation by ATP and ADO was 82.06% and 52.84%,and the IC_(50) was 0.218 and 0.517 mmol?L~(-1),respectively.UTP had a very weak inhibitory effect on Eca-109 cell line,with the maximal inhibition rate of 18.27%,and did not significantly affect SMMC-7721 cell line.Exposed to higher concentration(0.3 mmol?L~(-1)) of ATP for 72 h,SMMC-7721 cells displayed morphological changes of apoptosis,but Eca-109 cells did not show the characteristics of apoptosis markedly.Conclusion ATP has a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Eca-109 cell line,which is mainly induced by ATP per se,and a metabolite ADO also has weaker effects.For SMMC-7721 cell line,however,ATP inhibits the cell proliferation mainly via its degradation to ADO.

Objective To explore the technique and clinical value of percutaneous lung puncture and injection of drug under CT-guided in the treatment of multi-drug resistant cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis(MDR-TB).Methods 84 patients of positive sputum smear with MDR-TB were undergone injecting drugs into the pulmonary cavities by percutaneous lung puncture under CT-guided.The treatments were carried out by self-made locating mark which could confirm the appropriate puncture point,puncture angle and the puncture line.Results The operations of puncture in all cases were successful,the complications included pneumothorax in 3 cases,pulmonary hemorrhage in 1 case and subcutaneous emphysema in 1 case.After treatment,the mean rate of sputum negative,improvement of pulmonary cavity and cavity closure was 91.7%,89.3% and 66.7% respectively.Conclusion The percutaneous pulmonary puncture and injection of drug under CT-guided was a simple,visualized,right localization and less complications method in the treatment of the MDR-TB.

DNA, Viral ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Phytotherapy

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological stress, emotion regulation type and job burnout of military stationed in Xinjiang,and provide theoretical basis for intervening job burn-out in military stationed in Xinjiang.Methods 757 soldiers were chosen by random cluster sampling meth-od and measured with the job burnout scale for military personnel,the psychological stress self-evaluation test and the questionnaire of the soldier’ s emotion regulation type.Results ①The scores of somatization,self-evaluation,passive work slowdown and job burnout of the only-child soldiers ( respectively ( 6.34 ±4.86 ) , (7.66±4.16),(5.00±3.51),(28.60±15.82)) were significantly higher than those of the non-only-child sol-diers(respectively(5.34±4.51),(6.89±4.28),(4.25±3.22),(25.73±15.04) ( t=2.804,2.384,2.950, 2.446;P<0.05 or P<0.01) .For the score of the three factors ( sense of achievement,somatization,and pas-sive work slowdown),as well as the total score of job burnout,soldiers who had injury history were signifi-cantly higher than those who had not ( t=3.471,3.676,4.222,3.469;P<0.01) .The total score and five fac-tors scores of job burnout among soldiers who had high expectation were significantly lower than those soldier who had normal or less expectation ( P<0.05 or P<0.01).② Psychological stress,cognition attention,self comfort,training expectation and emotional appeal had significant predictive effect on job burnout ( t=14. 518,8.241,-4.332,2.990,-2.695;P<0.01).③Cognition attention played a mediating role between psy-chological stress and job burnout,and the rate of mediating effect was 18.8%.Self comfort played a mediating role between psychological stress and job burnout,and the rate of mediating effect was 4.4%.Conclusion -Only-child or not,injury history and training expectation have important influence on job burnout.Cognition attention and self comfort play mediating role between psychological stress and job burnout.

AIM To investigate the effect of cisplatin on apoptosis in Scaber cell. METHODS The apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL,HE,eletronic micrpscopy. RESULTS Treatment of Scaber cells with CDDP resulted in characteristics typical of apoptosis. CDDP induced apoptosis of Scaber cells in time and concentration dependent manner. To further investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by CDDP, the expressions and activity of apoptosis associated proteins such as bcl 2, bax and caspase 3 were examined using S P method.The results showed: CDDP caused time and concentration dependent decreases in bcl 2 and increased in bax proteins.CDDP bcl 2 and its translocation to perinuclei and nuclei. The expression of caspase 3 in Scaber cell were determined during apoptosis induced by CDDP. CONCLUSION Our investigetion showed that the apoptosis induced by CDDP is related to the increase of bax protein, and the decrease of bcl 2 protein. and its translocation to perinuclei and nuclei.

AIM: To study the effects of urocortin(Ucn) on the isolated heart tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR).METHODS: Effects of Ucn on contractile force and heart rate were observed in the SHR and Wistar rat right atrium,left atrium and right ventricle strip.RESULTS: Ucn(1-10 nmol/L) concentration-dependently increased the contractile force in the SHR and Wistar rat isolated right atrium.Ucn increased the contractile force in the SHR by(31.1?14.9)% at 3 nmol/L and by(65.7?22.4)% at 10 nmol/L,and its inotropic effect was significantly greater than that in Wistar rat(P

Objective To study the effects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on proliferation of human squamous esophageal carcinoma Eca-109 and hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and the underlying mechanism. MethodsMTT assay was used to determine the proliferation of tumor cells. The AO/EB double stained cells were observed under fluorescence microscope. The effects of ATP on the cell cycle, apoptotic rate and apoptosis-related protein were detected by flow cytometry. Results ATP showed inhibitory effects on Eca-109 and SMMC-7721 cells at the concentration of 0.01～0.3 mmol/L. Exposure to 0.3 mmol/L ATP for 72 h, some of SMMC-7721 cells displayed morphological changes of apoptosis, but Eca-109 cells did not show the characteristics of apoptosis markedly. There was no significant change in the apoptotic rate and apoptosis-related protein of the two tumor cell lines treated with ATP 0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mmol/L for 72 h respectively. The proportion of Eca-109 cells in G0/G1-phase of cellcycle was significantly increased, meanwhile the proportion of Eca-109 cells in S-phase and proliferation index value was significantly decreased by treatment with 0.3 mmol/L ATP. Conclusion ATP inhibited Eca-109 cell proliferation by changing the distribution of cell cycle phase, and its mechanism might not related to apoptosis, but for SMMC-7721 cell, the inhibition of cell proliferation induced by ATP was not related to the change in cell cycle.

Objective To explore the relationship between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau-garrisoned soldiers after returning to the plain.Methods A total of 140 plateau-garrisoned soldiers who had returned to the plain were chosen by random cluster sampling and measured with the Training Burnout Test.They were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of acute mountain sickness.We compared the differences in training burnout between the two groups and analyzed the relationship between acute mountain sickness and training burnout. Results ①The incidence of high altitude de-adaptation syndrome of plateau-garrisoned soldiers was 80.00% after returning to the plain.There was statistically significant difference between plateau soldiers after returning to the plain,the plateau stability-keeping forces that returned to the plain (78.36%) (χ2 =0.188, P=0.664) and plateau migrants who returned to the plain (75.10%) (χ2 =1.279, P=0.258).Main symptoms of high altitude de-adaptation were fatigue (12.86%), dizziness (11.43%) and meakness (10.00%).②Compared with soldiers who had no high altitude de-adaptation syndrome, victims of de-adaptation syndrome had higher scores of training burnout, physical and psychological exhaustion and training-alienation (P<0.01).Compared with soldiers who had normal body mass indexes, those who were overweight had higher incidence of altitude de-adaptation (P<0.05).③The regression equation between plateau de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain (P<0.01) is:Training burnout =0.498 ×plateau de-adaptation syndrome -0.126 ×age+0.038 ×length of military service +0.069 ×educational degree+0.029 ×body mass index.Conclusion There exist correlations between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain.Reducing the occurrence of high altitude de-adaptation syndrome can help reduce the degree of training burnout.

Objective To explore the biological effects of estrogen (17β-E2) on the proliferation and migration of human skin fibroblast (HSFB).Methods HSFBs were isolated and cultured by enzyme digestion.The fourth generation of HSFBs were adopted; (1) the proliferating effect of diverse concentrations of 17β-E2 and 17β-E2+ ICI-182780 on HSFBs was determined with MTT method at 24,48,72,96 h; (2) the influence of 17β-E2 and ICI-182780 to HSFBs cycle distribution were determined with flow cytometry; (3) the migration effect of diverse concentrations of 17β-E2 and 17β-E2+ICI-182780 on HSFBs was determined at 24,48,and 72 hours after the creation of the scratch-wound in vitro.Results (1) The proliferating speed of HSFBs in 10-10mol/L 17β-E2 group (group A)was the highest of all at 48,72,96 h,which was higher than that in ICI-182780+10-10mol/L 17β-E2 group (group B) and control group (group C) (P＜0.01) ;(2) the HSFBs during the S phase in group A was more than that in groups B and C (P＜0.01),while the HSFBs during the G0/G1 phase was less than that in groups B and C (P＜0.01); (3) the migrating effect of HSFBs in 10-8mol/L 17β-E2 group (group D) was the highest of all at 48 h,which was higher than that in ICI-182780+10-10mol/L control group (group E)and control group (group F) (P＜0.01).Conclusions The concentration of 10-10mol/L estrogen has the strongest effect of promoting proliferation and that of 10-8mol/L has the strongest chemotaxis; ICI-182780 can abate the above effect effectively.