Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8 to 10 in both costal and non-costal areas of Rizhao city Shandong province,and provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine.Methods In 2009 and 2010,townships of Lanshan and Donggang were chosen as survey points which situated close to the coast,the counties of Wulian and Juxian that were more than 50 kilometers away from the coast were selected as controls.The iodine concentration of drinking water in every village and water supply point was determined.At the county level,5 to 9 towns were selected according to their sub-area positions of east,west,south,north and center,4 villages were selected in each chosen township,8 - 15 households were selected in each chosen village,edible salt from the households was collected; 5 primary schools were selected in each chosen township,60 students aged 8 - 10 were selected to take thyroid examination in each chosen school.Twenty copies of urine samples were collected from the 60 students to detect the iodine concentration.Iodine in drinking water was tested by cerous sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry,in iodized salt by direct titration,in urine by arsenic-cerium contact method,and thyroids were examined by palpation.Results Totally 3483 copies of drinking water samples,1164 copies of edible salt samples,and 476 copies of urine samples were tested,and a total of 1200 children aged 8 to 10 were investigated; and the ratio of water iodine frequency distribution ≤ 10 μg/L (in costal and non-costal area) accounted for 90.03％ ( 1011/1123 ) and 91.10％ (2150/2360),respectively,the medians of water iodine were 5.6 and 4.2 μg/L,respectively; the iodine medians of edible salt were 29.03 and 29.99 mg/kg,respectively; the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were 96.77％ (569/588) and 97.05％ (559/576),respectively; total goiter rates were 1.17％(7/600) and 1.33％(8/600),respectively; the medians of urinary iodine were 144.05 and 159.15 μg/L,respectively; the percentages of urinary iodine that bellow 100 μg/L were 26.58％ (63/237) and 22.59％ (54/239),respectively; between 100 - 300 μg/L were 66.75％ (158/237) and 64.02％ (153/239),respectively;above 300μg/L were 6.75％ (16/237)and13.39％ (32/239),respectively.ConclusionsThe costal of Rizhao is an iodine deficient area.The current popularity of household's consumption of qualified iodized salt is suitable.The levels of iodine nutrition of children aged 8 to 10 is appropriate,which met the national standard of elimination of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).There is no iodine excess.There are no significant differences in levels of iodine nutrition between costal and non-costal areas on the premise that the same iodized salt is supplied in both the areas,and there is no need to make differentiated supply of iodized salt.

Objective To observe the effects of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on electrophysiological properties of post-infarct ventricles.Methods Sixty-seven survival Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups:Sham group,Control group,MI early G-CSF group (E-G) and MI delay G-CSF group (D-G) after ligation of the left coronary artery as myocardial infarction model.Monophasic action potential(MAP) was recorded by absorption electrode in ex vivo perfused rat hearts.Effective refractive period(ERP),sinus cardiac length (SCL),action potential amplitude (APA),maximal depolariged (Vmax),ventricular fibrillation threshold(VFF) and ventricular fibrillation duration(VFD) were measured.Results The electrophysiological parameters (SCL,VFT,VFD,APA,ERP/MAP90,dispersion of ERP and MAP90) of the E-G group were improved significantly (all P ＜ 0.05) at day 7 post MI.Improvement in SCL,dispersion of ERP and MAP 90 were found in the D-G group as well at day 7 post MI (all P ＜ 0.05).Substained improvement in electrophysiological parameters were found in the E-G group at 3 months after MI (P ＜0.05).Besides SCL,APA,Vmax and dispersion of MAP90,all other parameters in the D-G group were similar to that of the control group with no statistical significance and even had a tendency of deterioration in ERP and MAP90 3 months after MI.Conclusion G-CSF intervention could improve electrophysiological properties of ischemic ventricles.Early G-CSF intervention showed better outcomes compared to delay G-CSF intervention on electrical remodeling ischemia myocardiumwhich may have effect on reducing the development of ventricular arrhythmia.

AIM:To observe the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on calcium, sodium and potassium ion channel currents of the ischemic atrial myocytes in guinea pig by whole-cell patch clamp technique.METHODS:The guinea pig atrial myocytes were obtained by enzymolysis.Under ischemia and hypoxia condition, whole-cell patch clamp was used to observe the effects of G-CSF at various concentrations on the changes of the I-V curve, activation curve and availability of L-type calcium channel current (ICa,L) and voltage-dependent sodium channel current (INa), as well as I-V curve of delayed rectifier potassium channel current (IK).RESULTS:Under ischemic condition, the I-V curves of ICa,L were changed by acute G-CSF intervention in a dose-dependent fashion.Except for G-CSF at dose of 300 μg/kg, the other concentrations of G-CSF did not change the activation curve and availability of ICa,L, indicating that the effects of G-CSF on ICa,L were in a voltage-independent fashion.The I-V curves of ICa,L under ischemic condition were gradually approaching the normal levels by the higher dose of G-CSF, while the effect of 300 μg/kg G-CSF on ICa,L was similar to 100 μg/kg G-CSF.Acute G-CSF intervention at different doses did not change I-V curve, activation curve, and availability or steady-state availability of INa.As a part of IK, the rapid activating component (IKr) was improved by 100 μg/kg and 300 μg/kg G-CSF intervention with the similar effects, while the slowly activating component (IKs) was not changed by G-CSF.CONCLUSION:G-CSF affects ion channel electrophysiological properties of ischemic atrial myocytes in a voltage-independent but concentration-dependent manner, thus reducing the incidence of atrial arrhythmia.

Objective: To investigate the association between inflammatory cytokines and ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats, and the effects of simvastain on inflammatory cytokines and ventricular remodeling after AMI thereof. Methods: After AMI was produced in female SD rats, the animals were divided into control group,simvastain group and sham-operated group. After transthoracic echocardiography, TNF-α, IL-6 and P Ⅲ NP of the serum and cardiac muscle were measured by radioimmunology technology. The comparative heart weight and infarct sizes were calculated.Results: Compared with the control group, the LVDd and LVDs decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05), LVEF,LVFS and posterior wall thicking increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05) in simvastain group. The values of TNF-α, IL-6 and P Ⅲ NP increased significantly in simvastain and control group compared with those of sham-operated group(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ). The values ot TNF-α, IL-6 and pⅢ NP decreased significantly in simvastain group compared with those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05). The comparative heart weight and infarct size decreased significantly in simvastain group compared with those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Simvastain can ameliorate the ventricular remodeling and improve cardiac performance after AMI by restraining the overexpression of inflammatory cytokines.

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively study and analyse the immune regulatory effect of Bailing Capsule (BLC, a dry powder preparation of Cordyceps sinensis mycelia) on patients after renal transplantation, its influences on various systems of organism, and to explore its possible acting mechanism.

METHODSIn accordance with the entry criteria, 67 recipients of renal homo-allograft were assigned to two groups. The 42 cases in the control group were treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) plus cyclosporine A (CsA), or tacrolimus (FK506) plus prednisone (Pred); the 25 in the treated group treated with the chemotherapy the same as in the control group plus BLC. They were followed up for 48 weeks by checking up blood routine, urine routine, hepatic and renal function, total serum protein, serum albumin, uric acid, etc., and the dosage of immunoinhibitory used was recorded periodically.

RESULTSComparison showed no significant difference in graft survival rate, occurrence of reject reaction and renal function recovery between the two groups; but levels of urinary erythrocytes and leucocytes, blood alanine transaminase, aspartate amino transferase, uric acid, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, as well as the incidence of infection were significantly lower, and serum total protein and albumin were significantly higher in the treated group (all P < 0.01); moreover, counts of erythrocyte and leukocyte from 12 to 48 weeks, T-lymphocyte from 4 to 48 weeks after transplantation were significantly higher in the treated group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), and the recovery appeared earlier, the dosage of CsA or FK506 used 12 weeks after operation was significantly lower in the treated group than in the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSBLC could effectively protect liver and kidney, stimulate hemopoietic function, improve hypoproteinemia, as well as reduce the incidence of infection and the dosage of CsA and FK506 used, etc. Therefore, it is a useful drug for immunoregulation after organ transplantation.

Adult ; Capsules ; Cordyceps ; Cyclosporine ; administration & dosage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tacrolimus ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo study the diagnosis and treatment of a second primary malignant tumor induced by previous radiotherapy.

METHODSFrom March 1970 to March 1997, 108 nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients who developed a second primary malignant tumor induced by radiotherapy were treated. There were squamous carcinoma 43 (39.8%), sarcoma 26 (24.1%), malignant fibrous histiocytoma 14 (13.0%), adenoid cystic carcinoma 12 (11.1%), thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma 8 (7.4%) and malignant melanoma 5 (4.6%). Fifty patients underwent operation, 32 received radiotherapy, 18 received chemotherapy and 8 received operation combined with chemotherapy.

RESULTSThe 3- and 5-year tumor-free survival rates were 64.0% and 36.0% in the operation group. They were 34.4% and 18.8% in the radiotherapy group.

CONCLUSIONSurgery, if not contra-indicated, is the first choice for the second primary malignant tumor induced by radiotherapy. Aggressive treatment for these patients is, hence, indicated clinically.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVEThis study was to assess the influence of interaction of combination of immobilized nitrogen cycling bacteria (INCB) with aquatic macrophytes on nitrogen removal from the eutrophic waterbody, and to get insight into different mechanisms involved in nitrogen removal.

METHODSThe aquatic macrophytes used include Eichhornia crassipes (summer-autumn floating macrophyte), Elodea nuttallii (winter-growing submerged macrophyte), and nitrogen cycling bacteria including ammonifying, nitrosating, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria isolated from Taihu Lake. The immobilization carriers materials were made from hydrophilic monomers 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and hydrophobic 2-hydroxyethyl methylacrylate (HEMA). Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the roles of macrophytes combined with INCB on nitrogen removal from eutrophic water during different seasons.

RESULTSEichhornia crassipes and Elodea nuttallii had different potentials in purification of eutrophic water. Floating macrophyte+bacteria (INCB) performed best in improving water quality (during the first experiment) and decreased total nitrogen (TN) by 70.2%, nitrite and ammonium by 92.2% and 50.9%, respectively, during the experimental period, when water transparency increased from 0.5 m to 1.8 m. When INCB was inoculated into the floating macrophyte system, the populations of nitrosating, nitrifying, and denitrifying bacteria increased by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude compared to the un-inoculated treatments, but ammonifying bacteria showed no obvious difference between different treatments. Lower values of chlorophyll a, COD(Mn), and pH were found in the microbial-plant integrated system, as compared to the control. Highest reduction in N was noted during the treatment with submerged macrophyte+INCB, being 26.1% for TN, 85.2% for nitrite, and 85.2% for ammonium at the end of 2nd experiment. And in the treatment, the populations of ammonifying, nitrosating, nitrifying, and denitrifying bacteria increased by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude, as compared to the un-inoculated treatments. Similar to the first experiment, higher water transparency and lower values of chlorophyll a, COD(Mn) and pH were observed in the plant+ INCB integrated system, as compared to other treatments. These results indicated that plant-microbe interaction showed beneficial effects on N removal from the eutrophic waterbody.

Biodegradation, Environmental ; Eutrophication ; physiology ; Magnoliopsida ; metabolism ; Nitrogen ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Systems Integration ; Water Microbiology ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Water Purification ; methods

Objective To invesgate the safety and efficacy of the second generation biodegradable polymer Cobalt-Chromium sirolimus-eluting stent (EXCEL2) stent in diabetic patients by a subgroup analysis of of the CREDITⅡand CREDIT Ⅲ trials. Methods All patients who were implanted with the EXCEL2 stent were enrolled in the CREDITⅡand CREDIT Ⅲ trials. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure at 24-month, defi ned as a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (TV-MI) and target lesion revascularization(TLR). The secondary endpoint was endpoints including all-cause death, all myocardial infarction (MI) or any revascularization.Results A total of 828 patients were included from the patients who were implanted with the EXCEL2 stent in the CREDIT II and CREDIT Ⅲ trials. 24-month follow-up rate was 99.5%. There was no significant difference in the primary endpoint (P>0.05) and event rates of the secondary endpoints(P>0.05) between the diabetic and non-diabetic group, which included all-cause death[diabetics (2.5%)vs.non-diabetics(1.4%),P>0.05],myocardial infarction(MI)(7.5% vs.5.0%,P>0.05),all from of revascularization(5.0% vs.3.9%,P>0.05),and stent thrombosis(0.6% vs.0.4%,P>0.05).Conclusions EXCEL 2 stent met the objective performance goal on effcacy and safety, which can reduce make stent restenosis, target vessel revascularization ,with 160 diabetic cases among them, and stent thrombosis in diabetic patients.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell strategy targeting CD19 (CART19) has prominent anti-tumor effect for relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas. CART19-associated complications have been gradually recognized, however, late-onset complications have not been extensively studied. Herein, for the first time we report a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient with terminal ileum involvement obtained rapid remission and developed spontaneous terminal ileal perforation 38 days following CART19 infusion. The late-onset perforation reminds us that, for the safety of CART treatment, more cautions are warranted for the management of delayed GI complications.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Humans ; Ileum ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Receptors, Antigen* ; T-Lymphocytes*

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fixed dose combination of telmisartan 80 mg plus hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5 mg (TH) to telmisartan 80 mg (T) in Chinese patients who failed to respond adequately to treatment with T.

METHODThis is a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy clinical study. A total of 699 eligible hypertensive patients entered a one-week screening phase prior to the eight-week open-label T period. At the end of eight weeks, 345 patients who failed to respond to T (DBP > or = 90 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) were randomized to receive either TH (175 patients) or T (170 patients) for another eight weeks. Sitting and standing BP were taken 24 hours post-dose and adverse events were documented at visit with 4 weeks interval. Laboratory, ECG and physical examination were performed at screening, at baseline and at the final visit.

RESULTSAfter 8 weeks treatment, (1) The mean trough reduction in sitting diastolic blood pressure (SiDBP) from baseline in TH group was greater than that in T group (10.1 mm Hg vs 7.7 mm Hg, P = 0.0017). The mean trough reduction in sitting systolic blood pressure (SiSBP) from baseline was 14.2 mm Hg in TH group and 7.4 mm Hg in T group (P < 0.0001). (2) The mean trough reduction in standing DBP and standing SBP from baseline were significantly greater in TH group (8.7 mm Hg and 12.9 mm Hg) compared those in T group (7.3 mm Hg and 7.0 mmHg, P = 0.0350, P < 0.0001). (3) The number and percentage of responders in TH group (129, 74.6%) were significantly higher than in T group (100, 59.2%, P = 0.0016). (4) The incidence of the study drug-related adverse events was similar between TH and T group (3.5% vs. 3.6%, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTH was more effective than T in patients not responded adequately to T in Chinese hypertensive patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzimidazoles ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzoates ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome