No abstract available.
Adenoids* ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Diagnosis*

Many kinds of lumbar diseases cause lumbar segmental instability and/or limitation of motion. But, there is no reliable method for measuring accurate trunk motion. In order to measure relative trunk motion respect to the pelvis in vitro, external linkage type of spine motion analyzer was developed. Special programs for calculation of the relative angular motion and graphical display were also developed. The developed device was tested to compare spine motion pattern between 15 normal volunteers and 18 lumbar fusion patients in flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. It was rather simple and reliable method for spine motion analysis. And it was possible to measure not only angular displacement but also angular velocity and angular acceleration. There were more coupling motions in lateral bending and axial rotation than in flexion and extension. Compared to the normal subjects, patients showed different angular motion, especially in the angular acceleration. Optimal trajectory of the trunk motion derived from mathematical model in flexion and extension matched well with measurement for normal subjects.
Acceleration ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Pelvis ; Spine*

Herpes simplex virus (Herpesvirus hominis), a member of the herpeptoviridae family, is among the most common infectious viral pathogens in humans. Types of HSV can be subdivided into HSV-1 and HSV-2 on the basis of physiological, serologic and epidemiologic differences, although both are closely related immunologically and DNA sequence homology. HSV-1 is frequently associated with oropharyngeal, eye and skin infections, while HSV-2 is most commonly associated with genital tract infections. Characteristically after the primary infection, HSV can be linked to latency in neural tissue. Reactivation of HSV can be triggered by sunburn, fever, stress, menstruation and local trauma. Here we report a case of reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2 in foot dorsum followed by repetitive friction due to Sandals' trap.
Base Sequence ; Female ; Fever ; Foot* ; Friction* ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Herpesvirus 2, Human ; Humans ; Menstruation ; Reproductive Tract Infections ; Simplexvirus* ; Skin ; Sunburn

Cutaneous pseudolymphoma has been defined as a benign lymphocytic infiltrate of the skin that resembles cutaneous lymphoma both clinically and histologically. There are many known causes of skin pseudolymphoma, but a definite cause cannot frequently be identified. We report here on a 37-year-old female with pseudolymphoma on the left ear lobe after having her ear pierced. When we performed a biopsy, an earring was found by chance. Unlike most of the reported cases of pseudolymphoma after ear piercing, this patient did not show a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to gold or nickel.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Body Piercing ; Ear ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Lymphoma ; Nickel ; Pseudolymphoma ; Skin

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure of the Adolescent Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI-A) in a standardized adolescent sample using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). METHODS: For this purpose, three models about factor structure of the PAI-A were explored with EFA in 490 adolescents and then were evaluated with CFA in 268 young offenders. RESULTS: The results showed that the five factor model was considered to be most appropriate for factor structures of the PAI-A in EFA. However, none of the factor models were appropriate for the factor structures of the PAI-A in CFA. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the "five factor model" is thought to explain the PAI-A the best, but further studies are needed.
Adolescent* ; Criminals ; Factor Analysis, Statistical* ; Humans ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Personality Assessment* ; Psychometrics

OBJECTIVES: To identify the effects of supplemental private health insurance on health care utilization and expenditure under the mandatory National Health Insurance(NHI) system in Korea. METHODS: The data were collected by the National Cancer Center in Korea. Cancer patients who were newly diagnosed with stomach (ICD code, C16), lung(C33-C34), liver (C22), colorectal cancer(C18-C20) or breast(C50) cancer were included as study subjects. Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire from face-to-face interviews, the hospital Order Communication System (OCS) and medical records. Clinical, socio-demographic and private health insurance related factors were also gathered. The differences of health care utilization and expenditure were compared between those who have private health insurance and those who do not using t-test and multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS: Individuals with private health insurance spent larger inpatient costs than those without, but no differences were found in utilization in other service such as hospital admissions, hospital days and physician visits. CONCLUSIONS: We found that private health insurance exerts a significant effect on the health care expenditure in inpatient service. These study results can provide a rational basis to plan a national health policy regarding private health insurance. Further studies are needed to investigate the impacts of private health insurance on cancer patients' outcomes and survival rates.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Health Expenditures ; Health Services/economics/*utilization ; Humans ; Insurance, Health/*statistics & numerical data ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/economics/*therapy ; *Private Sector ; Socioeconomic Factors

No abstract available.
Nails

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are a family of isomers of linoleic acid. CLA increases growth arrest and apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells through an isomer-specific manner. ATF3 belongs to the ATF/CREB family of transcription factors and is associated with apoptosis in colorectal cancer. The present study was performed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which t10, c12-CLA stimulates ATF3 expression and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. t10, c12-CLA increased an apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells in dose dependent manner. t10, c12-CLA induced ATF3 mRNA and luciferase activity of ATF3 promoter in a dose-dependent manner. The responsible region for ATF3 transcriptional activation by t10, c12-CLA is located between -147 and -1850 of ATF3 promoter. mRNA stability of ATF3 was not affected by t10, c12-CLA treatment. t10, c12-CLA increases GSK3beta expression and suppresses IGF-1-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt. The knockdown of ATF3 suppressed expression of GSK3beta and NAG-1 and PARP cleavage. The results suggest that t10, c12-CLA induces apoptosis through ATF3-mediated pathway in human colorectal cancer cells.
Activating Transcription Factor 3 ; Apoptosis ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Linoleic Acid* ; Linoleic Acids, Conjugated ; Luciferases ; Phosphorylation ; RNA Stability ; RNA, Messenger ; Transcription Factors ; Transcriptional Activation

BACKGROUND: Pityriasis rosea is an acute inflammatory dermatosis with an unproven etiology. The typical clinical feature consists of an initial, single herald patch followed by the development of smaller, disseminated, papulosquamous and ovoid macules. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations of pityriasis rosea. METHODS: We examined a total of 101 patients with pityriasis rosea who visited the Department of Dermatology in Chung-Ang University Medical Center from March of 2005 to February of 2010. RESULTS: There were 1.53 times more women (61 patients) than men (40 patients) among the study subjects. The age of onset varied from 4 years to 71 years with a mean age of 28.7 years and 60% of the cases were 20 years to 39 years old. The percentage of seasonal variation was 34% in winter, 24% in summer, 22% in spring and 21% in autumn. A herald patch was found in 43% and the main predilection sites were the trunk and the thigh. Secondary eruptions could be classified into the macular type (67%), papular type (30%), urticarial type (2%) and purpuric type (1%). They appeared on the back, the chest, the abdomen, the upper arms, the thighs, the neck, the forearm, the lower legs, the face, the hands and the feet. The histopathological findings of all the types of lesions were focal parakeratosis, intraepidermal vesicles and papillary dermal edema. As compared to the macular type, hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis and exocytosis of lymphocytes were less commonly observed in the papular type. CONCLUSION: Most of the study results were compatible with those of other previous studies. However, the number of patients with papular type pityriasis rosea was currently increasing.
Abdomen ; Academic Medical Centers ; Age of Onset ; Arm ; Dermatology ; Edema ; Exocytosis ; Female ; Foot ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Leg ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Neck ; Parakeratosis ; Pityriasis ; Pityriasis Rosea ; Seasons ; Skin Diseases ; Thigh ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Pityriasis rosea is an acute inflammatory dermatosis with an unproven etiology. The typical clinical feature consists of an initial, single herald patch followed by the development of smaller, disseminated, papulosquamous and ovoid macules. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations of pityriasis rosea. METHODS: We examined a total of 101 patients with pityriasis rosea who visited the Department of Dermatology in Chung-Ang University Medical Center from March of 2005 to February of 2010. RESULTS: There were 1.53 times more women (61 patients) than men (40 patients) among the study subjects. The age of onset varied from 4 years to 71 years with a mean age of 28.7 years and 60% of the cases were 20 years to 39 years old. The percentage of seasonal variation was 34% in winter, 24% in summer, 22% in spring and 21% in autumn. A herald patch was found in 43% and the main predilection sites were the trunk and the thigh. Secondary eruptions could be classified into the macular type (67%), papular type (30%), urticarial type (2%) and purpuric type (1%). They appeared on the back, the chest, the abdomen, the upper arms, the thighs, the neck, the forearm, the lower legs, the face, the hands and the feet. The histopathological findings of all the types of lesions were focal parakeratosis, intraepidermal vesicles and papillary dermal edema. As compared to the macular type, hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis and exocytosis of lymphocytes were less commonly observed in the papular type. CONCLUSION: Most of the study results were compatible with those of other previous studies. However, the number of patients with papular type pityriasis rosea was currently increasing.
Abdomen ; Academic Medical Centers ; Age of Onset ; Arm ; Dermatology ; Edema ; Exocytosis ; Female ; Foot ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Leg ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Neck ; Parakeratosis ; Pityriasis ; Pityriasis Rosea ; Seasons ; Skin Diseases ; Thigh ; Thorax