No abstract available.
Anencephaly* ; Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female

No abstract available.
Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Thrombosis*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Organophosphate Poisoning* ; Respiratory Insufficiency*

PURPOSE: To study whether preoperative fasting would influence postoperative prognosis and to measure the variation of the ketone body amount and ketone body ratio, kidney function during the postoperative period in the model of 90% hepatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total of 180, seven weeks old, male, specific pathogen free Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into two groups of the fasted and the fed. First, 80 rats were divided into two groups of 40 each; 40 of that were denied food for 48 hours before the operation, other 40 were fed. Following 90% hepatectomy they were investigated by Kaplan-Meier method, drawing a survival curve. Secondly, 100 rats were divided into two groups of 50 each, 50 of that were denied food for 48 hours before the operation, and the other 50 were fed. Following 90% hepatectomy, they were investigated by the method of Student's T-test and Mann-Whitney test on the following: the amount of arterial ketone body in the blood in the blood sampled from abdominal aorta, reading at preoperative 48 hours, at the time of operation, postoperative 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours periods. RESULTS: The mean survival time after operation: the fasted group was 53.0+/-3.7 hours and the fed group was 34+/-1.7 hours and it had the statistical significance(p=0.0008). Rats which had long term survival over 72 hours were 14(35%) in fasted group, but only 2(5%) in fed group. In preoperative fasted group arterial ketone body ratio was recovered earlier than fed group and ketone body amount elevated, but in preoperative fed group, there was no significant change in ketone body amount. Blood glucose level lowered in both groups. Blood ammonia was severely increased in preoperative fed group, suggested bad liver function and destruction of muscle. BUN and blood creatinine was elevated in preoperative fed group, suggested lowered kidney function. CONCLUSION: Preoperative fasting has a positive influence on survival of the rats which has acute liver failure induced by 90% hepatectomy, because it could be caused by increased ketone body amount by preoperative fasting.
Ammonia ; Animals ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Blood Glucose ; Creatinine ; Fasting* ; Hepatectomy* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Liver Failure ; Liver Failure, Acute ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Prognosis ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: Thyroid tumor is one of the most common endocrine tumors, and yet little is known about its molecular process of development and progression. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, the inducible form of the COX enzyme for prostaglandin synthesis, is up-regulated in gastrointestinal cancers and is a key mediator of epithelial cell growth. Regular intake of aspirin or other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with a decreased incidence of colorectal, esophageal, gastric, and lung cancer. We sought to determine the involvement of COX-2 in human thyroid cancer. METHODS: COX-2 protein was assayed in thyroid tissue of 64 which were inflammatory disease and benign tumor and malignant tumor with or without metastasis patients by using immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis. RESULTS: COX-2 protein was not expressed in normal thyroid tissue. But COX-2 protein was expressed strongly in inflammatory tissue. Expression of COX-2 was very high in both benign and malignant tumor. There is no difference in pathology and malignant potential or existence of metastasis. CONCLUSION: There was no correlation between clinicopathological characteristics of thyroid tumor and intensity of COX-2 protein expression. In addition, there was no difference of expression of COX-2 between inflammatory thyroid disease and thyroid tumor. This study indicates that COX-2 protein over expression may contribute to an early event of gastric cancer development, and it further suggests that selective inhibition of COX-2 may provide a chemopreventive effect against thyroid cancer.
Aspirin ; Blotting, Western ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Epithelial Cells ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Thyroid Diseases ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms

Objectives: This study was conducted to create a 3D printable snack dish model for the elderly with low food or fluid intake along with barriers towards eating. Methods: The decision was made by the hybrid-brainstorming method for creating the 3D model. Experts were assigned based on their professional areas such as clinical nutrition, food hygiene and chemical safety for the creation process. After serial feedback processes, the grape shape was suggested as the final model. After various concept sketching and making clay models, 3D-printing technology was applied to produce a prototype. Results: 3D design modeling process was conducted by SolidWorks program. After considering Dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) and other survey data, appropriate supplementary water serving volume was decided as 285 mL which meets 30% of Adequate intake. To consider printing output conditions, this model has six grapes in one bunch with a safety lid. The FDM printer and PLA filaments were used for food hygiene and safety. To stimulate cognitive functions and interests of eating, numbers one to six was engraved on the lid of the final 3D model. Conclusions The newly-developed 3D model was designed to increase intakes of nutrients and water in the elderly with dementia during snack time. Since dementia patients often forget to eat, engraving numbers on the grapes was conducted to stimulate cognitive function related to the swallowing and chewing process. We suggest that investigations on the types of foods or fluids are needed in the developed 3D model snack dish for future studies.

Purpose: The goal of this study is to define whether or not preoperative portal vein embolization has any additional role in the total amounts of liver regeneration and functional improvement after major hepatectomy in rat model. In addition, this study is to define obstructive jaundice has any positive or negative effect on it. METHODS: There were a total of 650 rats, divided into three experimental groups. Experiment A was done under the normal liver status, experiment B was done under the obstructive jaundice status, experiment C was done under the external biliary drainaged status. Each experimental group was divided into three groups that had been made by different surgery. One was 70% partial hepatectomy, another was 70% portal vein branch ligation, and the other was 70% portal vein ligation followed by 70% hepatectomy. Each operational group required over 60 rats for serial data collection which was taken at the operation and 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours after operation. RESULTS: We finally observed that there was no additional regeneration of remaining liver by doing preoperative portal vein embolization. It was same in obstructive jaundice group and external biliary drainaged group. And also, there was no significant fucntional improvement or deterioration by existence of obstructive jaundice. Conclusion: We conclude it is no worth doing preoperative portal vein embolization for getting additional liver regeneration and obstructive jaundice does not has significant positive or negative effect on liver regeneration and hepatic function in itself.
Animals ; Data Collection ; Hepatectomy ; Jaundice* ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Ligation* ; Liver Regeneration ; Liver* ; Models, Animal ; Portal Vein* ; Rats* ; Regeneration*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report the reproducibility of intra-observer and inter-observer consistency of cephalometric measurements using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT), and the degree of difference of the cephalometric measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT images of 16 adult patients with normal class I occlusion were sent to personal computer and reconstructed into 3D images using V-Works 3.5 TM (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea). With the internal program of V-Works 3.5 TM, 12 landmarks on regular cephalograms were transformed into 21 analytic categories and measured by 2 observers and in addition, one of the observers repeated their measurements. Intra-observer difference was calculated using paired t-test, and inter-observer by two sample test. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the intra-observer measurements (p< 0.05) in four of the categories which included ANS-Me, ANS-PNS, Cdl-Go (Lt), GoL-GoR, but with the exception of Cdl-Go (Lt), ZmL-ZmR, Zyo-Zyo, the average differences were within 2 mm of each other. The inter-observer observations also showed significant differences in the measurements of the ZmL-ZmR and Zyo-Zyo categories (p< 0.05). With the exception of the Cdl-Me (Rt), ZmL-ZmR, Zyo-Zyo categories, the average differences between the two observers were within 2 mm, but the ZmL-ZmR and Zyo-Zyo values differed greatly with values of 8.10 and 19.8 mm respectively. CONCLUSION: In general, 3D CT images showed greater accuracy and reproducibility, with the exception of suture areas such as Zm and Zyo, than regular cephalograms in orthodontic measurements, showing differences of less than 2 mm, therefore 3D CT images can be useful in cephalometric measurements and treatment planning.
Adult ; Cephalometry ; Humans ; Microcomputers* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Seoul ; Sutures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the association between oral health status and oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) among patients undergoing treatment in a dental hospital, in order to develop an oral health care method for improving oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). METHODS: A total of 980 patients aged 7-89 years were selected from a dental hospital between May 2011 and March 2014. Questionnaires on oral health impact profile (OHIP-14K) were distributed to the patients, and their dental records were examined to find out their oral health status. RESULTS: OHIP-14 scores of patients with periodontal pockets over 4 mm and presence of chronic general disease were significantly higher than those without pockets and chronic disease (P<0.05). Factors such as age, gender, having prosthesis or dental implant, regular oral health care over a period of 1 year were not significantly associated with OHIP-14 scores. CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal health status and chronic general disease could be factors associated with OHRQoL. Thus, improving oral symptoms through professional oral care may help improve OHRQoL.
Chronic Disease ; Dental Implants ; Dental Records ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Korea ; Oral Health* ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontal Pocket ; Prostheses and Implants ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires