A clinieal Observation was done on the 110 cases (male; 52 cases, female; 58 cases) of duodenitis under the gastroduodenoscopic examination among the patients who were performed endoscopic examination because of seeking for the cause of dyspepsia period from Aug. 1981 to Sep. 1981 at Department of lnteral Medicine of BNUH. The results were summerized as follow 1) Normal finding(Grade 0) was highest as 40% in the incidence according to grade of duodenits. Next was moderate (Grade II & II) as 24. 5%, the 3rd was mild(Grade I) as 20% and lowest in severe(Grade IV) duadenitis as 15.5%, 2) Sex distribution of duodenitis showed 37 cases in male and 29 cases in female. And male was slightly higher in incidence than female. 3) Age distribution of duodenitis revealeii 3rd decade and 4th decade were highest in incidence, 30 cases and 28 cases respectively. The order of frequency was 5th decade, 6th decade, 1st decade and 7th decade. 4) Duodenitis was slightly higher in after 4th decade than before 4th decade. 5) The 56 cases of duodenitis except for 1 case were aasociated with gastroduodenal diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer or gastric carcinoma. Association of gastritis is highest as 79. 4%. 6) Acurracy of diagnosis in duodenitis on X-ray study was 3 cases in 20 cases. Generally X-ray study was little value in diagnosis of duodenitis.
Age Distribution ; Diagnosis ; Duodenitis* ; Dyspepsia ; Female ; Gastritis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Peptic Ulcer ; Sex Distribution

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study. PURPOSE: To assess postoperative changes in cerebral glucose metabolism in anxiety patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (SS). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Although an association between preoperative anxiety and abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism may exist, only a limited number of studies using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) have evaluated preoperative to postoperative changes in cerebral glucose metabolism in SS patients in detail. METHODS: The present study was designed to assess preoperative to postoperative changes in cerebral glucose metabolism in anxiety patients with SS. F-18 FDG PET with statistical parametric mapping analyses was used to compare preoperative and postoperative regional brain glucose metabolism in 18 SS patients. RESULTS: F-18 FDG PET scans showed postoperative activation of several brain clusters in gray matter. These included left parahippocampus, left cerebellar tonsil, left inferior semi-lunar lobule, and right cerebellar tonsil. Areas that were deactivated postoperatively were the right insula, left fusiform gyrus, left orbitofrontal cortex, left inferior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left precuneus, and left inferior frontal gyrus. CONCLUSIONS: SS patients with preoperative anxiety showed altered cerebral glucose metabolism at postoperative follow-up.
Anxiety ; Brain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose ; Humans ; Palatine Tonsil ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Stenosis

PURPOSE: Preoperative on-screen templating is a method of using acetate templates on digital images. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy, intra- and interobserver reliabilities of preoperative on-screen templating using digital radiographs for total hip arthroplasty (THA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred patients with hip disease who were treated with primary cementless THA were retrospectively evaluated. The accuracy of on-screen templating was assessed by comparing the predicted prosthesis sizes with the actual sizes used operatively. The inter- and intraobserver reliabilities of the templating results were also evaluated. RESULTS: The prosthesis prediction accuracy within ±one size was 96.6% for the cup size and 97.8% for the stem size. The inter- and intraobserver reliabilities for the implant size were substantial (kappa>0.70). The intra- and interobserver reliabilities for the leg length discrepancy and femoral offset difference using the intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.89 to 0.97. CONCLUSION: Preoperative on-screen templating using digital radiographs showed substantial accuracy and reliability for implant prediction. It is an effective method for predicting the size of implant, correcting the leg length discrepancy and restoring the femoral offset.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Hip ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Prostheses and Implants ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorder that has heterogeneous clinical presentations such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal distension. It is known that several mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of IBS. Probiotics may target one or more pathophysiologic pathways in IBS and may improve the symptoms of IBS. However, the results of studies about probiotics on IBS are controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotics on GI symptoms and intestinal gas volume changes in patients with IBS. METHODS: Forty patients were randomly allocated to be treated with medilac DS(R) (Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecium) (n=20) or placebo (n=20) in a double-blind, prospective manner. The change in intestinal gas volume and symptom scores after 4-week treatment were evaluated for the efficacy. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in bloating, frequency of gas expulsion, frequency of defecation, and hardness of stool before and after the treatment. However, the severity of abdominal pain and the frequency of abdominal pain decreased significantly in medilac DS(R)group (2.4+/-1.3 cm/day -> 1.6+/-1.6 cm/day, 1.7+/-1.3/day -> 1.0+/-1.0/day) (p=0.044, p=0.038), but not in placebo group (2.1+/-2.0 cm/day -> 1.8+/-2.1 cm/day, 1.3+/-1.2/day -> 1.4+/-1.9/day). In both groups, intestinal gas volume at baseline, after 2-week treatment, and after 4-week treatment did not show significant change. Medilac DS(R)was well tolerated without adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Medilac DS(R)is a safe and useful probiotic agent for the treatment of abdominal pain in patients with IBS.
Abdominal Pain/etiology/therapy ; Adult ; Bacillus subtilis ; Double-Blind Method ; Enterococcus faecium ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome/*therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Probiotics/*therapeutic use

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorder that has heterogeneous clinical presentations such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal distension. It is known that several mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of IBS. Probiotics may target one or more pathophysiologic pathways in IBS and may improve the symptoms of IBS. However, the results of studies about probiotics on IBS are controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotics on GI symptoms and intestinal gas volume changes in patients with IBS. METHODS: Forty patients were randomly allocated to be treated with medilac DS(R) (Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecium) (n=20) or placebo (n=20) in a double-blind, prospective manner. The change in intestinal gas volume and symptom scores after 4-week treatment were evaluated for the efficacy. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in bloating, frequency of gas expulsion, frequency of defecation, and hardness of stool before and after the treatment. However, the severity of abdominal pain and the frequency of abdominal pain decreased significantly in medilac DS(R)group (2.4+/-1.3 cm/day -> 1.6+/-1.6 cm/day, 1.7+/-1.3/day -> 1.0+/-1.0/day) (p=0.044, p=0.038), but not in placebo group (2.1+/-2.0 cm/day -> 1.8+/-2.1 cm/day, 1.3+/-1.2/day -> 1.4+/-1.9/day). In both groups, intestinal gas volume at baseline, after 2-week treatment, and after 4-week treatment did not show significant change. Medilac DS(R)was well tolerated without adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Medilac DS(R)is a safe and useful probiotic agent for the treatment of abdominal pain in patients with IBS.
Abdominal Pain/etiology/therapy ; Adult ; Bacillus subtilis ; Double-Blind Method ; Enterococcus faecium ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome/*therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Probiotics/*therapeutic use

While it is generally considered that tuberculous meningitis (TBM) causes various vascular complications, there have been few reports of moyamoya syndrome following TBM. A 23-year-old female was diagnosed as TBM. Preliminary brain MRA yielded normal findings. Follow-up MRA and cerebral angiography conducted 1.5 years later yielded findings that were consistent with moyamoya disease. They showed no interval change after 2 years, and the patient had no neurological deficits. This patient with TBM subsequently developed moyamoya syndrome during the course of antituberculosis medication.
Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Moyamoya Disease ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; Young Adult

Chronically unreduced elbow dislocation has commonly been described in underdeveloped countries. This is a very rare type of injury, and only two cases have been reported in Korea. Due to the potentially conflicting goals of restoring elbow stability and satisfactory function, successful treatment is a challenge even for experienced trauma surgeons. Herein, we described two cases of chronically unreduced elbow dislocation treated with open reduction and additional bony fixation using hinged external fixator and transarticular pin fixation.
Dislocations* ; Elbow* ; External Fixators* ; Joint Instability ; Korea ; Surgeons

PURPOSE: Gingko biloba extract (GBE), a natural product extracted from Gingko leaves, is known to increase the radiosensitivity of tumors. This radiosensitization probably arises from the increase in the peripheral blood flow by decreasing the blood viscosity and relaxing the vasospasm. The influence of a GBE on the metabolic status in fibrosarcoma II (FSaII) of a C3H mouse was investigated using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen C3H mice with fibrosarcoma II (from 100 mm3 to 130 mm3) were prepared for this experiment. The mice were divided into 2 groups; one (9 mice) without a priming dose, and the other (9 mice) with a priming dose of GBE. The GBE priming dose (100 mg/kg) was administered by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection 24 hours prior to the measurement. First 31P MRS spectra were measured in the mice from each group as a baseline and test dose of GBE (100 mg/kg) was then administered to each group. One hour later, the 31P MRS spectra were measured again to evaluate the change in the energy metabolic status. RESULTS: In the group without the priming dose, the mean pH, PCr/Pi, PME/ATP, Pi/ATP, PCr/(Pi+ME) values 1 hour after the test dose were not changed significantly compared to the values at the baseline. However, in the group with the priming dose, the mean PCr/Pi, Pi/ATP, PCr/(Pi+PME) values 1 hour after the test dose changed from the baseline values of 0.49, 0.77, 0.17 to 0.74, 0.57, 0.28 respectively. According to the paired t-test, the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The above findings suggest that the metabolic status is significantly improved after administering GBE if the priming dose is given 24 hours earlier. This shows that the radiosensitizing effect of GBE is based on the increase of tumor blood flow and the improvement in the metabolic status.
Animals ; Blood Viscosity ; Energy Metabolism ; Fibrosarcoma* ; Ginkgo biloba* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H* ; Radiation Tolerance ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents

Lung cancer begins insidiously, metastasizes early, and is frequently nonresectable at the time of diagnosis. Gastrointestinal metastases are considered the most unusual. A 60 year-old man was admitted for the evaluation of dizziness. For two weeks prior to admission, he had mild blood-tinged sputum and melena. He had right cervical lymphadenopathy, measured by 2 2 cm. Laboratory studies demonstrated hemoglobin of 3.7 g/dL. Posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs revealed mass-like lesion of right upper lobe. An umblicated mass was found in the sigmoid colon by colonoscopic examination and biopsy was done. He developed abdominal pain, tenderness and rebound tenderness at admission 10 days. Abdominal CT showed that focal thickened wall and suspicious perforated lesion at the ileum. Operation was done. In recent time, we experienced a case in which perforation of gastrointestinal metastases developed with malignant tumors of the lung.
Abdominal Pain ; Biopsy ; Colon, Sigmoid* ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Humans ; Ileum ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Melena ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Sputum ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To compare short-term clinical results of LASEK and epi-LASIK. METHODS: Fifteen subjects (30 eyes) underwent uncomplicated LASEK on one eye and uncomplicated epi-LASIK on the other eye by a single surgeon, and uncorrected visual acuity, refractive change, postoperative pain, and postoperative satisfaction were compared at postoperative week one, at one month, and at three months. RESULTS: Postoperative uncorrected visual acuities were 0.68+/-0.20, 0.96+/-0.22, and 1.05+/-0.17 for LASEK and 0.75+/-0.21, 0.92+/-0.14, and 1.01+/-0.21 for epi-LASIK at one week, one month, and three months, respectively. Epi-LASIK showed faster improvement in visual acuity at one week, while LASEK showed faster improvement afterward. However, no statistical significance was found. Spherical equivalet of LASEK was -0.66+/-1.28D and that of epi-LASIK was -0.61+/-0.92D at postoperative week one, implying faster refractive recovery for epi-LASIK, but after one month, LASEK was faster in refractive recovery and all these changes were not statistically significant. Durations of postoperative pain were 3.13+/-1.25 days for LASEK and 3.02+/-1.32 days for epi-LASIK. Pain scores (0~10 point scale), however, were also lower for LASEK by 0.33 point, 0.57 point, and 0.45 point for postoperative day 1, 2, and 3, respectively. No statistical significance was noted in either pain duration or pain score. When asked for overall satisfaction, six subjects preferred LASIK, four subjects preferred epi-LASIK, and five subjects showed no preference. CONCLUSIONS: Both LASEK and epi-LASIK are effective for surgical correction of myopia, and no significant difference in visual recovery, refractive change or degree of postoperative pain was noted in this study.
Eye ; Keratectomy, Subepithelial, Laser-Assisted ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Myopia ; Pain, Postoperative ; Visual Acuity