The formation of osteolytic bone lesions is a key process for osteolytic cancer to metastasize to the bone and is under the control of a set of transcription factors. Recently, the inhibitor of differentiation 1 (Id1) has been linked with angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, metastasis and bone formation. However, the function of Id1 during the process of bone destruction caused by cancer in vivo has not yet been elucidated. We, therefore, examined whether and how Id1 affects the ability of cancer to form osteolytic lesion in vivo. The study used a lentiviral vector overexpressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting Id1 gene. PC3 cells, a prostate cancer cell line, were transduced with Id1 shRNA or negative control (NC) shRNA before implantation in BALB/c mice. Cells were implanted in a tibial injection model. Tumor formation in bone was monitored by X-ray. The relationship between parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), an osteolytic factor, and Id1 was analyzed by using immunohistochemistry in tissue sections from osteolytic lesion of the BALB/c mice. Our results showed that Id1 shRNA delivery to PC3 cells by lentivirus caused efficient and stable Id1 gene silencing. In the intratibial model, PC3 cells produced primarily osteolytic lesions in the bone. Eleven of 14 mice in Id1 shRNA group but only 4 of 14 mice in the NC shRNA group developed osteolytic lesions with cortical destruction at 4th week. Mice treated with Id1 shRNA had larger tumor volume in the bone and larger cortical destruction. The expression of PTHrP protein in PC3 cells was not affected by Id1 knockdown in vivo. These results indicate that Id1 may down-regulate the ability of PC3 cells to form osteolytic lesions in vivo and the signal pathway needs to be further investigated.

The formation of osteolytic bone lesions is a key process for osteolytic cancer to metastasize to the bone and is under the control of a set of transcription factors. Recently, the inhibitor of differentiation 1 (Id1) has been linked with angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, metastasis and bone formation. However, the function of Id1 during the process of bone destruction caused by cancer in vivo has not yet been elucidated. We, therefore, examined whether and how Id1 affects the ability of cancer to form osteolytic lesion in vivo. The study used a lentiviral vector overexpressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting Id1 gene. PC3 cells, a prostate cancer cell line, were transduced with Id1 shRNA or negative control (NC) shRNA before implantation in BALB/c mice. Cells were implanted in a tibial injection model. Tumor formation in bone was monitored by X-ray. The relationship between parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), an osteolytic factor, and Id1 was analyzed by using immunohistochemistry in tissue sections from osteolytic lesion of the BALB/c mice. Our results showed that Id1 shRNA delivery to PC3 cells by lentivirus caused efficient and stable Id1 gene silencing. In the intratibial model, PC3 cells produced primarily osteolytic lesions in the bone. Eleven of 14 mice in Id1 shRNA group but only 4 of 14 mice in the NC shRNA group developed osteolytic lesions with cortical destruction at 4th week. Mice treated with Id1 shRNA had larger tumor volume in the bone and larger cortical destruction. The expression of PTHrP protein in PC3 cells was not affected by Id1 knockdown in vivo. These results indicate that Id1 may down-regulate the ability of PC3 cells to form osteolytic lesions in vivo and the signal pathway needs to be further investigated.
Animals ; Bone Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; secondary ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Osteolysis ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective:To explore the role of BMP7 in inducing the differentiation of BMSCs into neurons in vitro.Methods:BMSCs were isolated and cultured by whole bone marrow adherence method. Adipogenic induction and osteogenic differentiation were used to test the multi-directional differentiation ability of BMSCs. BMSCs were randomly divided into control group and BMP7 groups (25 ng/ml, 50 ng/ml, 75 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml). The effect of BMP7 on the proliferation of rat BMSCs was measured by MTT assay. BMP7 induced morphological changes in rat BMSCS under an inverted phase contrast microscope. The relative expression levels of NF200, SYN1, MAP2 and GFAP mRNA in induced cells were measured by qRT-PCR. Immunofluorescence was used to measure the expression of NSE protein.Results:Rat BMSCs showed lipid droplets in the cytoplasm after adipogenic induction, and oil red O staining was positive; rat BMSCs showed opaque mineral nodules after osteogenic induction, and alizarin red stained was positive. At 2 d, 3 d, 4 d, 5 d, and 6 d after induction, the cell absorbance values of each group were statistically different ( P < 0.05). On the 6th day of induction, the absorbance values of the control group, 25 ng/ml BMP7 group, 50 ng/ml BMP7 group, 75 ng/ml BMP7 group and 100 ng/ml BMP7 group were 0.370±0.003, 0.399±0.003, 0.404±0.003, 0.410±0.003, 0.397±0.001, respectively. Cells absorbance value of 75 ng/ml BMP7 group was significantly higher than the other groups ( P< 0.05). The 75 ng/ml BMP7 group had the most significant changes in cell morphology, similar to neurons in cell morphology. The relative expression of NF200, SYN1, MAP2, and GFAP mRNA of 75 ng/ml BMP7 group (5.47±0.59, 1.48±0.38, 2.86±1.65, 4.41±0.13) was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P< 0.05). The positive rate of NSE immunofluorescence staining in the 75 ng/ml BMP7 group was higher than that in the control group (32.94%±1.62% vs 0). Conclusion:BMP7 has the ability to induce the differentiation of rat BMSCs into neurons in vitro.

Objective: To explore the effects of continuous care based on WeChat platform on self-care ability of patients with ileal bladder stoma. Methods: A total of 80 patients with ileal conduit were recruited from a urological department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou university from September 2016 to October 2017. The patients were randomly divided into intervention group (n=40) and control group (n=40). Both groups received routine care, and the experimental group also used the continuation care based on WeChat platform. The outcomes of complication incidence, self-care level with stoma were evaluated at the times of 1 day before discharge, 4 weeks after discharge and 12 weeks after discharge. Results: The self-care scores of the intervention group at 3 time points were 5.13 ± 2.79, 9.98 ± 2.68, and 15.65 ± 2.37, The control group were 5.35 ± 3.20, 8.13 ± 3.45, and 12.30 ± 5.93. The interaction of self-care level scores of the two groups were statistically significant (F(1.735, 67.680)=23.301, P<0.05). The incidence of complications of the intervention group at the 3 time points was 5.00%(2/40), 42.50%(17/40), and 22.50% (9/40). The control group were 0(0/40), 51.22% (21/40), and 63.41% (26/40). The incidence of complications in the two groups was statistically significant at the 12th week after discharge (χ²=14.679, P<0.05). Conclusions With continuous care based on WeChat platform, the self-care level of patients with ileal bladder stoma can be effectively improved, and reduce the incidence of complications.

OBJECTIVE: To review the application and research progress of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in trauma treatment. METHODS: The recent research literature on the application of AI and related technologies in trauma treatment was reviewed and summarized in terms of prehospital assistance, in-hospital emergency care, and post-traumatic stress disorder risk regression prediction, meanwhile, the development trend of AI technology in trauma treatment were outlooked. RESULTS: The AI technology can rapidly analyze and manage large amount of clinical data to help doctors identify patients' situation of trauma and predict the risk of possible complications more accurately. The application of AI technology in surgical assistance and robotic operations can achieve precise surgical plan and treatment, reduce surgical risks, and shorten the operation time, so as to improve the efficiency and long-term effectiveness of the trauma treatment. CONCLUSION There is a promising future for the application of AI technology in the trauma treatment. However, it is still in the stage of exploration and development, and there are many difficulties of historical data bias, application condition limitations, as well as ethical and moral issues need to be solved.
Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Operative Time ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Technology