Objective To investigate the application of electronic bronchoscopy in diagnosis of recurrent tracheoe-sophageal fistula of type Ⅲ esophageal atresia. Methods 5 patients were reviewed who were suspected postopera-tive tracheoesophageal fistula recurrence of type Ⅲ esophageal atresia and examined through electronic bron-choscopy combined with injecting Methylene blue into stomach tube from Jan 2010 to Aug 2014. Male to female ra-tio was 4:1. The age was 2~15 months, median age was 7.4 months. Results The 5 cases were found trachea mem-brane fistula by electronic bronchoscope, recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula was diagnosed with Methylene blue in-jected into stomach tube and overflowed from trachea membrane fistula. Examination time is 3~7 minutes, the aver-age is 4.2 minutes. The 5 cases were confirmed by operation. Conclusion Electronic bronchoscopy combined with injecting Methylene blue into stomach tube to diagnose recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula is safe and feasible, the time is short and the diagnosis rate is high.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effectiveness of testicular sperm cryopreservation in male fertility preservation by evaluating the clinical outcome of ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm for azoospermia patients.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 96 samples of cryopreserved testicular sperm obtained by testicular biopsy, vasovasostomy (V-V), vasoepididymostomy (V-E) , of which 55 were subjected to 60 ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm. We evaluated the rates of sperm recovery, fertilization, cleavage, transferable and good-quality embryos, clinical pregnancy, pregnancy outcome, and health of the newborns.

RESULTSAll the frozen testicular sperm samples were recovered successfully. The rates of fertilization, 2PN fertilization, cleavage, available embryos and good-quality embryos were 77.6, 69.4, 99.4, 84.5 and 40.8%, respectively. There were transferable embryos in all cycles. Fresh embryos were transferred in 52 of the 60 cycles, with the clinical pregnancy rate of 57.7% (30/52), including 19 singletons and 11 twins, and the rates of implantation and miscarriage were 38.7% (41/106) and 3.33% (1/30). Up to the present time, there have been 20 healthy newborns, including 12 boys and 8 girls, and another 13 ongoing pregnancies. No birth defects have been found so far.

CONCLUSIONDesirable clinical outcomes can be obtained from ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm, and testicular sperm cryopreservation is an effective method of fertility preservation for azoospermia males.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; therapy ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Fertility Preservation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Semen Preservation ; methods ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; methods

Objective:To understand the serological characteristics of irregular antibodies in pregnant women and explore their clinical significance.Methods:From January 2017 to March 2022,151 471 pregnant women in Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled in this study,microcolumn gel card test was used for irregular antibody screening,and antibody specificity identification was further performed in some antibody-positive subjects.Results:The positive rate of irregular antibody screening in the enrolled pregnant women was 0.91％(1 375/151 471),0.23％(355/151 471)was detected in the first trimester,0.05％(71/151 471)in the second trimester,and 0.63％(949/151 471)in the third trimester.The positive rate of irregular antibody screening in the third trimester was significantly higher than that in the first and second trimester,and a significant increase in the number of positive cases was found in the third trimester than that in the second trimester.The analysis of agglutination intensity of 1 375 irregular antibody screening positive results showed that the weakly positive agglutination intensity accounted for 50.11％(689/1 375),which was the highest,the suspicious positive was 18.69％(257/1 375),and the positive was 31.20％(429/1 375).The significant difference in distribution of agglutination intensity was not observed between the first trimester group and the second trimester group,however,in the third trimester,the proportion of suspicious positive and weakly positive was lower than the first trimester,while,the proportion of positive was higher than the first trimester,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.001).Among the irregular antibody screening positive pregnant women,the proportion of pregnant women with pregnancy number ≥ 2 was significantly higher than that with pregnancy≤1.Among 60 pregnant women who underwent antibody identification,the distributions of the antibodies were as follows:Rh blood group system accounted for 23.33％(14/60),Lewis system 43.33％(26/60),Kidd system 3.33％(2/60),MNS system 16.67％(10/60),P1PK system 1.67％(1/60),autoantibodies 1.67％(1/60),and 4 cases was unable to identify(6.67％,4/60).Among specific antibodies,the anti-Lea was the most common(30.00％),followed by anti-E(16.67％)and anti-M(16.67％).Conclusion:The differences of irregular antibody serological characteristics exist in pregnant women from different regions with different genetic backgrounds,understanding the characteristics of irregular antibody in local pregnant women is of great significance for ensuring transfusion safety in pregnant women and preventing hemolytic disease of newborn.

Objective:To analyze the distribution characteristics of Rh phenotype in pregnant and postpartum women in Chongqing area,and to explore the clinical significance of Rh phenotype in pregnant and postpartum women and the feasibility of Rh phenotype compatible blood transfusion.Methods:The ABO blood group and Rh phenotype of 65 161 pregnant and postpartum women were detected by microcolumn gel method,and 48 122 males in the same period were taken as controls.The data were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results:There were 112 870 cases(99.64％)of RhD+in 113 283 samples.In RhD+cases,CCDee(48.39％)and CcDEe(32.88％)were the main phenotypes.The first case of D--phenotype in Chongqing area was detected.413 cases(0.36％)of RhD-were detected,with ccdee(52.78％)and Ccdee(33.41％)as the main phenotypes.Compared with RhD-group,RhD+group showed statistically significant difference in Rh phenotype distribution(P＜0.01).Among 65 161 maternal samples,the positive rate of 5 antigens of Rh blood group from high to low was D＞e＞C＞c＞E,and there was no significant difference compared with male samples(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the distribution of Rh phenotype between males and pregnant/postpartum women,as well as between pregnant/postpartum women with different ABO blood groups(P＞0.05).In pregnant and postpartum women,there was no significant difference in distribution of Rh phenotype among the normal pregnancy population,the population with adverse pregnancy history,the population using human assisted reproductive technology(ART)and the population with infertility(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the distribution of Rh phenotype between the 4 populations mentioned above and the inpatients in the local general Grade A hospitals and the blood donors(P＞0.05).In RhD positive pregnant and postpartum women,the probability of finding compatible blood for CcDEe phenotype was 100％,the probability of finding compatible blood for CCDee,CcDee and CCDEe phenotypes was 45％-60％,the probability of finding compatible blood for ccDEE,ccDEe and CcDEE phenotypes was 5％-10％,and the probability of finding compatible blood for other phenotypes was lower than 0.5％.The supply of blood with CCDee and ccDEE phenotypes can meet the compatible transfusions requirements of 7 Rh phenotypes in more than 99％of patients.Conclusion:Rh phenotype detection should be carried out for pregnant and postpartum women,and it is feasible to carry out Rh phenotype-matched or compatible blood transfusion for pregnant and postpartum women who need blood transfusion.