Purpose: Hydrogen-methane breath tests are used to diagnose carbohydrate malabsorption and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. The COVID-19 pandemic has driven the modification of procedures as breath tests are potentially aerosol-generating procedures. We assessed the effect of delayed analysis of breath samples, facilitating the at-home performance of breath testing. Methods: Children provided two breath samples at every step of the lactose breath test. The samples were brought back to the clinic, and one set of samples was analyzed immediately.The second set was stored at room temperature and analyzed 1-4 days later. Results: Out of the 73 “double” lactose breath tests performed at home, 33 (45.8%) were positive. The second samples were analyzed 20 to 117 hours after the first samples (41.7±24.3 hours). There was no significant difference in the hydrogen concentration between the first and second sets (Z=0.49, p=0.62). This was not the case for methane, which had a significantly higher concentration in the second breath samples (Z=7.6). Conclusion Expired hydrogen levels remain stable in plastic syringes if preserved at room temperature for several days. On the other hand, the delayed analysis of methane appeared to be less reliable. Further research is needed to examine the impact of delayed analysis on methane and hydrogen concentrations.

Purpose: The KidZ Health Castle Formula (KHC-F) was developed to improve the positioning of multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH probes (MII-pH). We hypothesized that the updated formula KHC-Fv2 would performs better than the original formula. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of KHC-Fv2. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess MII-pH probe positioning in patients aged 1 month to 18 years. Margins of error within 1 cm above or below the target position, as determined using KHC-Fv2 and compared with fluoroscopy, were accepted. Results: Eighty-four children were included in the study. The mean difference between the KHC-Fv2 and target positions was +0.25 cm cranially. The KHC-Fv2 insertion length fell within the accepted difference of ±1 cm of the target position in 67.9% of the children.This percentage increased in infants under 1 year of age (79.5%) or shorter than 100 cm (74.0%) in height. Conclusion KHC-Fv2 demonstrated strong agreement with correct positioning and significantly reduced the need for a second radiologic control after probe repositioning, particularly in infants or children shorter than 100 cm.

Purpose: The KidZ Health Castle Formula (KHC-F) was developed to improve the positioning of multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH probes (MII-pH). We hypothesized that the updated formula KHC-Fv2 would performs better than the original formula. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of KHC-Fv2. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess MII-pH probe positioning in patients aged 1 month to 18 years. Margins of error within 1 cm above or below the target position, as determined using KHC-Fv2 and compared with fluoroscopy, were accepted. Results: Eighty-four children were included in the study. The mean difference between the KHC-Fv2 and target positions was +0.25 cm cranially. The KHC-Fv2 insertion length fell within the accepted difference of ±1 cm of the target position in 67.9% of the children.This percentage increased in infants under 1 year of age (79.5%) or shorter than 100 cm (74.0%) in height. Conclusion KHC-Fv2 demonstrated strong agreement with correct positioning and significantly reduced the need for a second radiologic control after probe repositioning, particularly in infants or children shorter than 100 cm.

Purpose: The KidZ Health Castle Formula (KHC-F) was developed to improve the positioning of multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH probes (MII-pH). We hypothesized that the updated formula KHC-Fv2 would performs better than the original formula. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of KHC-Fv2. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess MII-pH probe positioning in patients aged 1 month to 18 years. Margins of error within 1 cm above or below the target position, as determined using KHC-Fv2 and compared with fluoroscopy, were accepted. Results: Eighty-four children were included in the study. The mean difference between the KHC-Fv2 and target positions was +0.25 cm cranially. The KHC-Fv2 insertion length fell within the accepted difference of ±1 cm of the target position in 67.9% of the children.This percentage increased in infants under 1 year of age (79.5%) or shorter than 100 cm (74.0%) in height. Conclusion KHC-Fv2 demonstrated strong agreement with correct positioning and significantly reduced the need for a second radiologic control after probe repositioning, particularly in infants or children shorter than 100 cm.

Purpose: The KidZ Health Castle Formula (KHC-F) was developed to improve the positioning of multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH probes (MII-pH). We hypothesized that the updated formula KHC-Fv2 would performs better than the original formula. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of KHC-Fv2. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess MII-pH probe positioning in patients aged 1 month to 18 years. Margins of error within 1 cm above or below the target position, as determined using KHC-Fv2 and compared with fluoroscopy, were accepted. Results: Eighty-four children were included in the study. The mean difference between the KHC-Fv2 and target positions was +0.25 cm cranially. The KHC-Fv2 insertion length fell within the accepted difference of ±1 cm of the target position in 67.9% of the children.This percentage increased in infants under 1 year of age (79.5%) or shorter than 100 cm (74.0%) in height. Conclusion KHC-Fv2 demonstrated strong agreement with correct positioning and significantly reduced the need for a second radiologic control after probe repositioning, particularly in infants or children shorter than 100 cm.

Purpose: The KidZ Health Castle Formula (KHC-F) was developed to improve the positioning of multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH probes (MII-pH). We hypothesized that the updated formula KHC-Fv2 would performs better than the original formula. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of KHC-Fv2. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess MII-pH probe positioning in patients aged 1 month to 18 years. Margins of error within 1 cm above or below the target position, as determined using KHC-Fv2 and compared with fluoroscopy, were accepted. Results: Eighty-four children were included in the study. The mean difference between the KHC-Fv2 and target positions was +0.25 cm cranially. The KHC-Fv2 insertion length fell within the accepted difference of ±1 cm of the target position in 67.9% of the children.This percentage increased in infants under 1 year of age (79.5%) or shorter than 100 cm (74.0%) in height. Conclusion KHC-Fv2 demonstrated strong agreement with correct positioning and significantly reduced the need for a second radiologic control after probe repositioning, particularly in infants or children shorter than 100 cm.