1.The association between masticatory ability and lower Timed Up & Go Test performance among community-dwelling Japanese aging men and women: The Toon Health Study
Saori MIYAZAKI ; Koutatsu MARUYAMA ; Kiyohide TOMOOKA ; Shinji NISHIOKA ; Noriko MIYOSHI ; Ryoichi KAWAMURA ; Yasunori TAKATA ; Haruhiko OSAWA ; Takeshi TANIGAWA ; Isao SAITO
Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia 2023;9(3):94-98
Objectives:
Few studies examined the association between deterioration of masticatory ability assessed by objective marker and physical function. Therefore, we examined the association between salivary flow rate which is one of the objective and surrogate marker of masticatory ability and lower Timed Up & Go (TUG) performance which is one of major measurement of physical function among aging Japanese.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study enrolled 464 Japanese aged 60e84 years old. Participants chewed tasteless and odorless gum for 5 min, calculated stimulated salivary flow rate (g/min) during all chews.The 3 m TUG was conducted, and 75th percentile value (6.8 s for men and 7.0 s for women) or higher was defined as lower TUG performance. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between stimulated salivary flow rate and lower TUG performance.
Results:
We found that the stimulated salivary flow rate tended to be negatively associated with the TUG time. We also observed significant negative association between stimulated salivary flow rate and lower TUG performance; the multivariable-adjusted OR (95% confidence interval, CIs) of lower TUG performance for the highest quartile of stimulated salivary flow rate compared with the lowest quartile was0.34 (0.16e0.69, P for trend ¼ 0.02). Further adjusting for BMI, the association was attenuated but remaind significant; the OR (95% CIs) in highest quartile was 0.37 (0.18e0.76, P for trend ¼ 0.04).
Conclusions
Higher stimulated salivary flow, which means well masticatory ability, was inversely associated with lower TUG performance in the aging Japanese population.
2.Relationships of habitual daily alcohol consumption with all-day and time-specific average glucose levels among non-diabetic population samples.
Maho ISHIHARA ; Hironori IMANO ; Isao MURAKI ; Kazumasa YAMAGISHI ; Koutatsu MARUYAMA ; Mina HAYAMA-TERADA ; Mari TANAKA ; Mikako YASUOKA ; Tomomi KIHARA ; Masahiko KIYAMA ; Takeo OKADA ; Midori TAKADA ; Yuji SHIMIZU ; Tomotaka SOBUE ; Hiroyasu ISO
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2023;28():20-20
BACKGROUND:
Alcohol consumption is a prevalent behavior that is bi-directionally related to the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, the effect of daily alcohol consumption on glucose levels in real-world situations in the general population has not been well elucidated. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between alcohol consumption and all-day and time-specific glucose levels among non-diabetic individuals.
METHODS:
We investigated 913 non-diabetic males and females, aged 40-69 years, during 2018-2020 from four communities across Japan. The daily alcohol consumption was assessed using a self-report questionnaire. All-day and time-specific average glucose levels were estimated from the interstitial glucose concentrations measured using the Flash glucose monitoring system for a median duration of 13 days. Furthermore, we investigated the association between all-day and time-specific average glucose levels and habitual daily alcohol consumption levels, using never drinkers as the reference, and performed multiple linear regression analyses after adjusting for age, community, and other diabetes risk factors for males and females separately.
RESULTS:
All-day average glucose levels did not vary according to alcohol consumption categories in both males and females. However, for males, the average glucose levels between 5:00 and 11:00 h and between 11:00 and 17:00 h were higher in moderate and heavy drinkers than in never drinkers, with the difference values of 4.6 and 4.7 mg/dL for moderate drinkers, and 5.7 and 6.8 mg/dL for heavy drinkers. Conversely, the average glucose levels between 17:00 and 24:00 h were lower in male moderate and heavy drinkers and female current drinkers than in never drinkers; the difference values of mean glucose levels were -5.8 for moderate drinkers, and -6.1 mg/dL for heavy drinkers in males and -2.7 mg/dL for female current drinkers.
CONCLUSIONS
Alcohol consumption was associated with glucose levels in a time-dependent biphasic pattern.
Humans
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Male
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Female
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
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Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
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Blood Glucose
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Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology*
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Risk Factors
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Alcoholic Intoxication