The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of physiological factors which effect oxygen kinetics and energy system contribution on the power of Wingate test (WT), with focusing on the difference of aerobic capacity. Twenty three male track and field athletes (sprinters, long distance runners and decathletes) performed the WT on electromagnetic-braked cycle ergometer. The applied resistance was 7.5% of body weight, and the duration was 60 seconds. Moreover, aerobic capacity (maximal oxygen uptake [VO₂max]) was determined by an incremental test, and anaerobic capacity (maximal accumulated oxygen deficit [MAOD]) was determined by a supramaximal constant load test. The oxygen uptake during each test was recorded by a breath-by-breath method. The participants were divided into two group which was high VO₂max group (High group; n = 11) and low VO₂max group (Low group; n = 12). In the results, although the VO₂max was significantly higher in the High group, the MAOD was not significantly different between two groups. The oxygen uptake during WT was significantly higher in the High group, and the accumulated oxygen deficit during WT was significantly higher in the Low group. The aerobic contribution was significantly higher in the High group than in the Low group. In contrast, the anaerobic contribution was significantly higher in the Low group than in the High group. These results suggest that by the difference of aerobic capacity, aerobic and anaerobic energy supply contribution was different in WT.

We describe a case of ruptured coronary artery aneurysm with a coronary artery to a pulmonary artery fistula. An 89-year-old woman with general fatigue and dyspnea was admitted. At the visit she went into shock and was restored by rehydration therapy. Enhanced computed tomography shows a coronary aneurysm (maximum diameter of 50 mm) at the left side of pulmonary artery and mild pericardial effusions. She was scheduled for an emergency operation due to the ruptured coronary artery aneurysm with a coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistula. We performed aneurysmectomy and ligation of the coronary artery to the pulmonary artery fistula under cardiopulmonary bypass. We also reviewed 23 cases of ruptured coronary artery aneurysm with coronary artery extending to a pulmonary artery fistula in Japan. The disease is a rare clinical state and regarded as an indication for emergency surgery.

A 64-year-old man originally underwent Bentall procedure for annulo-aortic ectasia for the first time at the age of 38 years. The surgery was to repair a pseudoaneurysm at the anastomotic site of the left coronary artery by direct closure 11 years after the first Bentall procedure. The anastomosis of the right coronary artery was normal at the time of the first reoperation. However, he had surgery to repair a pseudoaneurysm at the anastomotic site of the right coronary artery 26 years after the first operation ; this was accomplished using the button technique. However, seven months after the second reoperation, he again manifested a pseudoaneurysm at the anastomotic site of the left coronary artery and died of rupture of the pseudoaneurysm. We report the case of pseudoaneurysms at the right and left coronary artery anastomoses that occurred three times after the first Bentall procedure.

A 77-year-old-woman was hospitalized at our institution following the diagnosis of severe aortic and mitral stenoses. Although she had thrombocytopenia before surgery, bone marrow examination revealed no abnormality. Thrombocytopenia was thought to be caused by shear stress accompanying valvular diseases. She underwent surgery for the replacement of aortic and mitral valves and the resection of left ventricular outflow tract myocardium. Because the mitral valve involved the calcification of the annulus the valve replacement was performed after decalcification using CUSA. After surgery, she experienced a transient sick sinus syndrome ; however, the overall course was good, and the platelet counts spontaneously recovered. More than 12 months have passed since surgery, but the platelet counts remains around 110,000.

Drug dispensing is a statutory and designated duty of a pharmacist. We aimed to examine the changes in the nature of drug dispensing using a text mining method. Our corpus consisted of text documents from “Chozai Shishin”, the most standard manual for dispensing drugs in Japan, Editions 1 to 13 (Japan Pharmaceutical Association), and we used the KH Coder software for text mining. We constructed networks showing the association between frequent word co-occurrence and edition number, and co-occurrence relations for frequent words in each edition. We found that “patient” superseded “dispensing” as a frequent term over time. “Dispensing” was another frequent term with a highly centralized node in each edition. Accordingly, we targeted the term “dispensing” for network analysis to depict its co-occurrence relations. We found that the range of related words for “dispensing” broadened from “preparation” and “compounding” to include “patient adherence instructions”, “assessment”, “medical treatment”, and “information provision”. Accordingly, we concluded that the content of “dispensing”, which is a pharmacist’s duty, has expanded from the duties of “dispensing drugs” to include “responding to patients” within the definition of “dispensing”, and we were able to present this finding as objective data by using the mechanical method known as text mining.

Drug dispensing is a statutory and designated duty of a pharmacist. We aimed to examine the changes in the nature of drug dispensing using a text mining method. Our corpus consisted of text documents from “Chozai Shishin”, the most standard manual for dispensing drugs in Japan, Editions 1 to 13 (Japan Pharmaceutical Association), and we used the KH Coder software for text mining. We constructed networks showing the association between frequent word co-occurrence and edition number, and co-occurrence relations for frequent words in each edition. We found that “patient” superseded “dispensing” as a frequent term over time. “Dispensing” was another frequent term with a highly centralized node in each edition. Accordingly, we targeted the term “dispensing” for network analysis to depict its co-occurrence relations. We found that the range of related words for “dispensing” broadened from “preparation” and “compounding” to include “patient adherence instructions”, “assessment”, “medical treatment”, and “information provision”. Accordingly, we concluded that the content of “dispensing”, which is a pharmacist’s duty, has expanded from the duties of “dispensing drugs” to include “responding to patients” within the definition of “dispensing”, and we were able to present this finding as objective data by using the mechanical method known as text mining.