Health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) after a radical prostatectomy (RP) or external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) has not been studied in conjunction with oncological outcomes in relation to disease risk stratification. Moreover, the long-term outcomes of these treatment approaches have not been studied. We retrospectively analyzed oncological outcomes between consecutive patients receiving RP (n=86) and EBRT (n=76) for localized prostate cancer. HRQOL and functional outcomes could be assessed in 62 RP (79%) and 54 EBRT (79%) patients over a 3-year follow-up period (median: 41 months) using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the University of California Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Index (UCLA PCI). The 5-year biochemical progression-free survival did not differ between the RP and EBRT groups for low-risk (74.6% vs. 75.0%, P=0.931) and intermediate-risk (61.3% vs. 71.1%, P=0.691) patients. For high-risk patients, progression-free survival was lower in the RP group (45.1%) than in the EBRT group (79.7%) (P=0.002). The general HRQOL was comparable between the two groups. Regarding functional outcomes, the RP group reported lower scores on urinary function and less urinary bother and sexual bother than the EBRT group (P<0.001, P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). With risk stratification, the low- and intermediate-risk patients in the RP group reported poorer urinary function than patients in the EBRT group (P<0.001 for each). The sexual function of the high-risk patients in the EBRT group was better than that of the same risk RP patients (P<0.001). Biochemical recurrence was not associated with the UCLA PCI score in either group. In conclusion, low- to intermediate-risk patients treated with an RP may report relatively decreased urinary function during long-term follow-up. The patient's HRQOL after treatment did not depend on biochemical recurrence.
Aged ; Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Radiotherapy ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome

Background/Aims: Natural history of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO), a rare disease characterized by episodes of non-mechanical obstruction, is unclear in adults. This study evaluates the clinical course of CIPO and palliative care needs of patients. Methods: From October 2010 to September 2021, 74 patients who underwent cine MRI and had a definitive diagnosis of CIPO were prospectively included. We investigated disease etiology and outcomes, age at onset, nutritional status at consultation (body mass index and serum albumin), hydrogen breath test results, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) during the disease course. Results: Forty-seven patients (64%) were women, with a mean age of 44 years at onset and 49 years at diagnosis. Primary CIPO was observed in 48 patients (65%). Secondary CIPO was observed in 26 cases (35%), of whom 18 (69%) had scleroderma. The mean body mass index, serum albumin level, and hydrogen breath test positivity rate were 17 kg/m2 , 3.8 mg/dL, and 60%, respectively. TPN and invasive decompression therapy were required by 23 (31%) and 18 (24%) patients, respectively. Intestinal sterilization was performed in 51 (69%) patients and was effective in 33 (65%); of these, 28 (85%) were taking metronidazole. Seven (9%) patients used opioids. There were 9 deaths (12%), including 5 (56%) from infection and 2 (22%) from suicide. Of the deaths, 6 (67%) and 4 (44%) underwent TPN management and decompression therapy, respectively. Fifty-one patients (69%) wanted palliative care. Conclusion CIPO is a rare, severe, and under-recognized disease. Standardization of treatment strategies, including palliative care and psychiatric interventions, is desired.

We performed gamma knife treatment for multiple brain metastases including a left frontal lobe lesion in a patient in his 60s who had renal cell carcinoma. After treatment, the left frontal lobe lesion initially shrank but then began to grow again, resulting in extensive edema, right hemiparesis, impaired activities of daily living (ADL), and decreased motivation. Although the renal cell carcinoma was in the terminal stage, we judged that recovery of ADL could be expected by removing the left frontal lobe lesion and therefore performed craniotomy tumor removal. As a result, the patient’s motivation and right hemiplegia markedly improved and ADL dramatically improved. Although the period from craniotomy tumor removal to death was as short as 2 months, significant improvement of ADL during this time was achieved by removing the tumor. Tumor resection for metastatic brain tumors is rarely performed in the setting of end-stage cancer. However, this case highlights the potential of brain tumor resection as palliative treatment that can be considered for improving ADL even in patients with terminal cancer.

Welwalk WW-1000® (WW-1000®) is a gait exercise-assisted robot. Suitable assistance was provided to the patients with hemiplegic legs in both stance and swing phases. In addition，this robot offers various forms of feedback to patients during exercise. We present the case of a patient with multiple sclerosis and left hemiplegia who underwent WW-1000® gait exercise.The 73-year-old patient required maximum assistance with metal ankle foot orthotics (AFO) and a quadruped cane prior to robot-based rehabilitation. The aims of gait exercise with the WW-1000® were as follows；① maintain the verticality of the trunk during the entire gait cycle；②shifting the center of gravity during stance phase on the nonparalytic limb；③stabilizing the swing phase on the paralytic limb, and enhancing support during the stance phase on the paralytic limb. Each aim was modified depending on level of achievement. Assistance with the WW-1000® activated the trunk and Nonparalytic limb (visual feedback was utilized in exercises). On day 9, the patient could walk using a plastic AFO and T-cane supervised by a therapist.The multifunctional WW-1000® is useful for subdividing gait goals, exercise and set stepwise aims consistent with the patient's abilities. Gait exercises using the WW-1000® may efficiently improve gait and helps adapt to changes in conditions in the subacute phase.

A fungal carotid aneurysm is an infrequently occurring infectious aneurysm that is usually treated by antifungal therapy plus surgical debridement of the infected vessel. We herein report an extremely rare case involving a patient with a medical history of bladder cancer treated by Bacillus Calmette– Guérin (BCG) who developed a fungal aneurysm of the internal carotid artery and thrombosis of the superior ophthalmic vein caused by maxillary Aspergillus sinusitis. The patient was successfully treated by antifungal, anticoagulant, and antiplatelet drugs combined with internal carotid artery ligation therapy. Internal carotid artery fungal aneurysm is associated with a high mortality rate, but the present case suggests that it can be successfully treated by antifungal therapy combined with a less invasive endovascular therapy.