To investigate the effect of basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) on fibrovascular ingrowth into porous polyethylene orbital implants (Medpor (R) ) and to investigate any differences according to the method of administration. For the treated groups, after evisceration and Medpor (R) implantation, bFGF was administered by soaking Medpor (R) in the bFGF solution, and/or by injecting bFGF into the Medpor (R) 1 week after the operation. Implants were removed 4 weeks after the operation and examined for the degrees of fibrovascular ingrowth by light microscopy. The percentages of the cross-sectional area of the implant occupied by fibrovascular ingrowth and the numbers of proliferated vessels were significantly higher in the bFGF-treated groups (Mann Whitney test, p< 0.05). Administration routes had no effect on the degree of fibrovascular ingrowth (Kruskal-Wallis test, p> 0.05). bFGF promoted fibrovascular ingrowth into porous polyethylene orbital implants regardless of the route of administration. Therefore, bFGF might be helpful to prevent complications such as implant exposure.
Animals ; Eye Evisceration ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Fibroblasts/*drug effects ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/*drug effects ; *Orbital Implants ; *Polyethylene ; Porosity ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Rabbits ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

A 51-year-old woman with breast cancer presented with progressive diplopia. Neuro-ophthalmologic examination revealed right gaze palsy and peripheral facial nerve palsy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal. However, two months later a repeat brain MRI revealed an enhancing round nodular mass at the right facial colliculus of the lower pons, at the location of the abducens nucleus. Localized metastasis to the abducens nucleus can cause gaze palsy in a patient with breast cancer.
*Abducens Nerve Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms/*pathology ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/*complications/*secondary ; Facial Paralysis/complications ; Female ; Fixation, Ocular ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Ocular Motility Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology ; Pons/pathology

We report a rare case of multicentric Castleman's disease that presented with ophthalmic involvement, along with a review of the literature. A 63-year-old male presented with decreased visual acuity in both eyes. Both eyes had serous elevations of the retinas with shifting subretinal fluid and annular choroidal detachment. No retinal breaks were found. Laboratory tests revealed pancytopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Chest and abdominal computed tomographies showed multiple lymphadenopathies in the mediastinum, abdomen, and in both inguinal areas. Histological examination of the inguinal lymph node biopsy was consistent with Castleman's disease. After combination chemotherapy, the serous elevations of both retinas and the annular choroidal detachments of both eyes disappeared. Ophthalmic involvement in Castleman's disease is very rare, and to the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of ophthalmic involvement of Castlemans's disease in Korea.
Aged ; Choroid Diseases/etiology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Exudates and Transudates/*metabolism ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fundus Oculi ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/*complications/drug therapy ; Humans ; Hypergammaglobulinemia/complications ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Syndrome ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Treatment Outcome ; Uveal Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology/*metabolism

A 60-year-old woman who had experienced two episodes of amaurosis fugax in her right eye presented with vision loss. Two weeks earlier, at a private clinic, she was diagnosed with impending central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) of the right eye and received an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. Two weeks after this injection she was diagnosed with ischemic CRVO. At 11-weeks post-presentation, extremely ischemic features were observed with fluorescein angiographic findings of severe vascular attenuation and extensive retinal capillary obliteration. At 22-weeks post-presentation she was diagnosed with neovascular glaucoma; she experienced no visual improvement over the following several months.
Antibodies, Monoclonal/*administration & dosage ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Glaucoma, Neovascular/complications ; Humans ; Injections, Intraocular ; Ischemia/diagnosis/*etiology/physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Vein Occlusion/*complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; *Retinal Vessels ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors ; Visual Acuity/drug effects ; Vitreous Body

A 68-year-old woman presented with pain in her left eye. Necrosis with calcium plaques was observed on the medial part of the sclera. Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from the culture of the necrotic area. On systemic work-up including serum and urine electrophoresis studies, the serum monoclonal protein of immunoglobulin G was detected. The patient was diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and fungal scleritis. Despite intensive treatment with topical and oral antifungal agents, scleral inflammation and ulceration progressed, and scleral perforation and endophthalmitis developed. Debridement, antifungal irrigation, and tectonic scleral grafting were performed. The patient underwent a combined pars plana vitrectomy with an intravitreal injection of an antifungal agent. However, scleral and intraocular inflammation progressed, and the eye was enucleated. Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from the cultures of the eviscerated materials. Giemsa staining of the excised sclera showed numerous fungal hyphae.
Aged ; Amphotericin B/administration & dosage ; Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage ; *Aspergillosis/therapy ; *Aspergillus fumigatus ; Disease Progression ; Eye Enucleation ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intraocular ; Paraproteinemias/*complications ; Sclera/pathology/ultrasonography ; Scleritis/*complications/diagnosis/*microbiology/physiopathology ; Vitrectomy

An 83-year-old woman had undergone an external dacryocystorhinostomy with silicone intubation. Before the surgery, no skin lesions were observed on the incision site. Three months after surgery, the patient complained of a brown-to-black pigmented elevation at her previous skin incision site. A punch biopsy of the pigmented mass was performed. The histopathologic findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis of irritated seborrheic keratosis (SK). SK can occur several months postoperatively and can suddenly increase in size, so surgeons need to carefully check patients' skin prior to surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of irritated SK discovered on a previous skin incision site.
Aged, 80 and over ; Dacryocystorhinostomy/*adverse effects ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratosis, Seborrheic/*etiology/pathology/surgery ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Gas

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of brimonidine, an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, on barrier function in ARPE-19 cells by measuring transepithelial resistance (TER). METHODS: ARPE-19 cells were cultured into a confluent monolayer on a microporous filter. Brimonidine was added to the apical medium, and the barrier function of the cells was evaluated by measuring TER. A subset of cells was treated under hypoxic conditions, and the TER changes observed upon administration of brimonidine were compared to those observed in cells in normoxic conditions. RESULTS: The ARPE cell membrane reached a peak resistance of 29.1+/-7.97 Omega cm2 after four weeks of culture. The TER of the cells treated under normoxic conditions increased with brimonidine treatment; however, the TER of the cells treated under hypoxic conditions did not change following the administration of brimonidine. CONCLUSIONS: Barrier function in ARPE-19 cells increased with brimonidine treatment. Understanding the exact mechanism of this barrier function change requires further investigation.
Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/*pharmacology ; Cell Hypoxia/drug effects/physiology ; Cell Line ; Electric Impedance ; Humans ; Quinoxalines/*pharmacology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/*drug effects ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium/*drug effects/*physiology

PURPOSE: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of chlorogenic acid on laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a rat model. METHODS: Intraperitoneal injection of chlorogenic acid (10 mg/kg) was inititated one day prior to laser photocoagulation and continued for eight days. Eyes were removed 14 days after laser photocoagulation. Fluorescein angiography was employed at seven and 14 days to assess the CNV lesions, and histological examination was performed. Quantification of CNV size and leakage were performed both in histological sections and fluorescein angiography in order to compare the inhibitory effects of chlorogenic acid on CNV with the results of the control. RESULTS: Histological analysis showed no significant difference in CNV size between the treated and control groups. However, CNV leakage on fluorescein angiography had significantly decreased in the chlorogenic acid-treated group at 14 days after laser photocoagulation compared with that of the control group. In addition, CNV size on fluorescein angiography had significantly decreased in the treated group at seven and 14 days. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that chlorogenic acid has anti-angiogenic effects on CNV and may be useful as an inhibitor in the treatment or prevention of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*administration & dosage ; Animals ; Capillary Permeability/drug effects ; Chlorogenic Acid/*administration & dosage ; Choroid/pathology ; Choroidal Neovascularization/diagnosis/etiology/*physiopathology ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Laser Coagulation ; Radiation Injuries ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred BN

PURPOSE: To evaluate a customized, portable Farnsworth-Munsell 100 (FM 100) hue viewing booth for compliance with colour vision testing standards and to compare it with room illumination in subjects with normal colour vision (trichromats), subjects with acquired colour vision defects (secondary to diabetes mellitus), and subjects with congenital colour vision defects (dichromats). METHODS: Discrete wavelengths of the tube in the customized booth were measured using a spectrometer using the normal incident method and were compared with the spectral distribution of sunlight. Forty-eight subjects were recruited for the study and were divided into 3 groups: Group 1, Normal Trichromats (30 eyes); Group 2, Congenital Colour Vision Defects (16 eyes); and Group 3, Diabetes Mellitus (20 eyes). The FM 100 hue test performance was compared using two illumination conditions, booth illumination and room illumination. RESULTS: Total error scores of the classical method in Group 2 as mean+/-SD for room and booth illumination was 243.05+/-85.96 and 149.85+/-54.50 respectively (p=0.0001). Group 2 demonstrated lesser correlation (r=0.50, 0.55), lesser reliability (Cronbach's alpha, 0.625, 0.662) and greater variability (Bland & Altman value, 10.5) in total error scores for the classical method and the moment of inertia method between the two illumination conditions when compared to the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The customized booth demonstrated illumination meeting CIE standards. The total error scores were overestimated by the classical and moment of inertia methods in all groups for room illumination compared with booth illumination, however overestimation was more significant in the diabetes group.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Color Perception Tests/*instrumentation/*methods/standards ; Color Vision Defects/congenital/*diagnosis/etiology ; Diabetes Complications ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; *Lighting ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVBI) in acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients. METHODS: Patients with acute CSC received IVBI (1.25 mg/0.05 mL) or observation by randomization. Twelve eyes in each group completed 6 months of regular follow-up and were ultimately included in this study. Each patient was assessed using best corrected visual acuity measurements, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography at baseline and had regular follow-ups after treatment. RESULTS: All patients showed improvements in visual acuity and fluorescein angiographic leakage and had resolution of their neurosensory detachment following treatment. There were no significant differences in visual acuity, central retinal thickness, or remission duration between the IVBI group and the control group at baseline or after treatment (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab showed no positive effect in acute CSC patients compared to the observation group, and there were no adverse effects of treatment. Further investigation will be helpful to understand this therapy in patients with CSC.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*administration & dosage ; Capillary Permeability/drug effects ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Injections, Intraocular ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Failure ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Visual Acuity/drug effects ; Vitreous Body