PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of individual counseling for bus-drivers on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease prevention. METHODS: The one-group pretest-posttest design was used. This study presents a secondary analysis of data collected in 'contents of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease prevention program for bus-drivers in one workplace in Seoul, Korea. The data were collected from 56 bus drivers, using questionnaires from September 10th to November 20th, 2014. The analysis was conducted with chi2 test and paired samples t-test using SPSS/Win 21.0. RESULTS: After the intervention, the participants showed a significant decrease in the level of systolic blood pressure (p=.003) and a significant increase in the total cholesterol level (p=.030). The distribution of cardiovascular risk groups changed after the intervention: 5.3% decreased in the high risk group, 16.1% decreased in the medium risk group, and 3.5% decreased in the low risk group, while 25.0% increased in the normal group. CONCLUSION: The comprehensive individual counseling including simple screening, tailored education and counseling is effective to manage their lifestyle risk factors, resulting in better maintenance of their health as well as preventing cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Cholesterol ; Counseling* ; Education ; Korea ; Life Style ; Mass Screening ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among perceived health status and social support to identify the influencing factors of health promotion behavior in government-funded research institute's employee. METHODS: The participants were 222 employees in three government-funded research institute. Questionnaires were used to measure the levels of the perceived health status, social support and health promotion behavior. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression, and the IBM SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. RESULTS: The predicting factors for health promotion behavior were age, smoking, perceived health status and social support. The variables explained the health promotion behavior by 34.3%. CONCLUSION: A survey of the various influencing factors of health promotion behavior will be required and social support system for government-funded research institute's employee is needed.
Academies and Institutes ; Health Promotion* ; Smoke ; Smoking

PURPOSE: The study is to identify a correlation among hospital nurses' emotional labor, social support and organizational commitment and to analyze the effects on organizational commitment. METHODS: The participants are 300 nurses working at two general hospitals located in Gyeonggi-do, who agreed to join the study. Data collection were done from July to September in 2014. The collected data are analyzed a descriptive statistic, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression and SPSS/WIN 15.0 Program was used in the process. RESULTS: Organizational commitment was negatively correlated with emotional works but it was positively correlated with social support. The factors affecting organizational commitment were informational support and evaluative support which were sub-domain of social support as well as level of emotional expression which was a sub-domain of emotional works, their positions and level of education. CONCLUSION: To increase the level of an organizational commitment, a method of coping in difficult situations and information relating to private assessments is recommended. Also, the organization should prepare a plan that members can properly manage their emotions face-to-face with clients.
Data Collection ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hospitals, General

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore personal as well as occupational factors and health status associated with work-life balance in Korean registered nurses. METHODS: This study was a secondary data analysis using cross-sectional nationally representative data from the Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) in 2014. Study participants included 450 registered nurses in South Korea. Descriptive analysis, Independent t-test, χ² test, and Logistic regression analyses were performed using the SPSS 21.0 statistical program. RESULTS: Work-life balance was reported in 70.6% individuals with 85.7% being male and 70.0% being female nurses. Logistic regression analysis revealed that being male good health state, having less than 40-hour working week, lower number of night duty, policy on flexible work arrangement were significant predictors of work-life balance. CONCLUSION: This study provided evidence that identify predictors of work-life balance in registered nurses in South Korea. Therefore, we need the actively support health care service promotion and prevention for work-life balance predictors.
Delivery of Health Care ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nurses* ; Statistics as Topic ; Work Schedule Tolerance

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of workplace bullying experience and resilience on organizational commitment in general hospital nurses. METHODS: Participants were 250 nurses of a general hospital in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do and Gangwoen-do. Data were collected using the structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: As a result of multiple regression analysis, workplace bullying, resilience, clinical career, and work unit turned out to be variables that explained general hospital nurses' organizational commitment (Adj. R²=0.17, p<.001). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that bullying and resilience were defined as the influential variables on organizational commitment of nurses. Therefore strategies and programs about workplace bullying and resilience are needed to be developed.
Bullying* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hospitals, General* ; Seoul

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine factors that affect satisfaction of the hospital services among injured workers. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 532 injured workers. The questionnaires were selected as literature suggested for explaining satisfaction of the hospital services, general characteristics of injured workers, characteristics of the hospital services. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis by SPSS 19.0. RESULTS: There were significant differences in satisfaction scores, depending on the types of disease, health status and possibility to return to work among the injured workers. Also, there were significant differences in satisfaction scores, in terms of medical facilities, food service, specialization of doctors and nurses, cleanliness of hospital, convenience of hospital teaching and counselling of doctors and nurses, supporting workers' compensation process, counselling of workers' compensation and unfair treatment. In the results of the standard multiple regression analysis, food service, medical facilities, specialization of doctors and nurses, health status and hospital cleanliness were significant factors for satisfaction scores of the hospital services. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to promote food service, medical facilities, specialization of doctors and nurses, hospital cleanliness, health status of injured workers for developing hospital services.
Food Services ; Patient Satisfaction ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Return to Work ; Workers' Compensation

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to clarify effects of long term, low-level monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure (MAHs) such as styrene, toluene and xylene on physiological levels of epinephrine (EP) and norepinephrine (NEP) and these hormones influences diagnosis indices of metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: Blood pressure and serum biochemical parameters were measured using digital sphygmomanometer and autochemical analyzer. EP and NEP were analyzed by using ELISA kit and exposure level of MAHs was measured by NIOSH method. RESULTS: The differences of general characteristics such as age, smoking and drinking habits in both groups were not significantly different except working hours per day. In exposed workers, exposure levels of MAHs showed very low concentrations. Serum HDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly higher in exposed group, but concentration of NEP was significantly higher in control group. On multiple logistic regression analysis for the diagnosis indices of MetS, EP was WC (OR=0.970), NEP was blood pressure (OR=1.002) and MAHs exposure were significantly associated with HDL-cholesterol (OR=0.257), fasting glucose (OR=3.028) and MetS (OR=0.372). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the chronic exposure of low level MAHs maycontribute to glucose metabolism and induction of MetS. And also, changes of EP and NEP levels by exposure of MAHs affect blood pressure.
Blood Pressure ; Drinking ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epinephrine ; Fasting ; Glucose ; Hazardous Substances ; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic ; Logistic Models ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) ; Norepinephrine ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Sphygmomanometers ; Styrene ; Toluene ; Xylenes

PURPOSE: While there exist a good number of studies on Korean nurses who were dispatched to Germany in 1960s and 1970s in sociological or labor economic perspectives, there have been few studies on their experiences from a nursing perspective. The purpose of this study is to recapture their lives and experiences from a nursing point of view. METHODS: This paper adopts an Agar's ethnographic approach which is more suitable to investigate personal qualitative experiences of those Korean nurses. The data were collected from group discussion and individual interview, and field observation with 10 dispatched Korean nurses. RESULTS: The experiences of those dispatched nurses to Germany can be summarized into three themes: challenging to life, embracing new life, and giving a meaning to life. Challenging to life involved 'hope and anxiety,' and embracing new life was reflected by 'wonderment and envy' and 'loneliness and sorrow.' Lastly, they took pride in their contributions to their mother country and also felt something lacking that they had not been properly evaluated. CONCLUSION: By rediscovering their lives and experiences from a nursing perspective, this study argues for more future studies to reexamine their impact and contribution to the nursing field in Korea.
Anthropology, Cultural ; Germany ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers

PURPOSE: In Korea, the number of migrant workers is increasing. However, migrant workers have low job satisfaction due to poor working environment, and insufficient social support. This study aimed to investigate the role of social support for job satisfaction of migrant workers. METHOD: We have analyzed the survey data of 397 migrant workers collected from free clinic for migrant workers located in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do. RESULT: When the migrant workers received monetary and emotional supports from supervisors and colleagues, their job satisfaction turned out to be significantly high. The factors that influence job satisfaction of migrant workers are as follows: involvement in manufacturing industry, over 9 hours of daily sleep, monetary and emotional support from supervisors. Their job satisfaction strongly influenced by these factors. CONCLUSION: Social support will increase job satisfaction of migrant workers and it will subsequently decrease job turnover rate and increase productivity as well as quality of life.
Efficiency ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Korea ; Transients and Migrants

PURPOSE: This study investigates the relationship between job stress, depression, health-related behavior and type A behavior patterns among male workers at a steel factory. METHODS: The study was done on 171 male workers, using the structured questionnaire. The data were collected in April, 2009 and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The results showed that 65.5% of workers were under moderate stress, 25.7% high stress and 0.6% extremely high stress. The overall score of these workers' occupational stress was 41.9, lower than the Korean workers' average. Occupational stress was correlated with depression, type A behavior patterns, a very poor physical condition without sufficient sleep. CONCLUSION: Stress management program is strongly needed for these subjects working over 45 hours a week, with a very poor subjective physical condition, insufficient sleep, type A behavior patterns and signs of severe depression. Further longitudinal study is recommended to show the effect of such worker's stress management program to mitigate job-related stress.
Depression ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Steel