Fine needle biopsy of nodules on the thyroid is simple diagnostic method and it is generally a safe procedure. The main side effect is pain and hematoma. Secondary hemangioma development after biopsy is extremely rare. A 63-year-old woman presented with a 5-year history of solitary erythematous papule on neck. Spontaneous bleeding recorded six times within 5 years. There is not vascular anastomosis in ultrasonographic imaging. A histopathologic study showed vessel-like arteriole around small veins in dermis. No arteriovenous hemangioma case has been previously reported to be related to fine needle biopsy. Our case showed possibilities of arteriovenous hemangioma developments after fine needle biopsy.
Arterioles ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Dermis ; Female ; Hemangioma ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Neck ; Thyroid Gland ; Veins

BACKGROUND: Epidermal cyst is a common acquired skin cyst. When such cysts may be inflamed, they are often referred to as being infected. To clarify the etiology of inflamed epidermal cysts, several studies have carried bacteriology of inflamed and uninflamed epidermal cyst and sought to identify the role of micro-organisms. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the bacterial influences on inflammatory process of epidermal cysts and the antibiotic sensitivity of cultured aerobic bacteria in epidermal cysts. METHODS: We carried out the bacterial cultures using sterile swabbing internal materials in each cyst which has been incised after surgical removals of epidermal cyst. An inflamed epidermal cyst was defined as a known cyst that developed a fluctuant soft-tissue swelling surrounded by the erythema and contained a localized collection of purulent material. For the aerobic culture, samples were cultured on blood agar plates, McConkey agar plate and chocolate agar plates in 5% CO2 at 35degrees C for 5 days. Colonies formed were identified based on VITEK2 system. Then antimicrobial susceptibility test were also done on VITEK2 system. RESULTS: Total of 100 epidermal cyst specimens from 96 patients (67 men and 29 women) were involved had confirmed histopathological findings by dermatologists. Seventy were from face and neck, 24 from trunk, 4 from the extremities, 2 from buttock. Of the 53 inflamed cysts, 30 (56.6%) yielded bacterial growth. On the other hand, from the 47 uninflamed cysts, 15 (31.9%) cyst resulted in bacterial growth (p=0.013). The predominant bacteria from inflamed and uninflamed cyst were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (32 isolate of 45 specimens, 71.1%). All cultured bacteria were susceptible to almost all of antibiotics except amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, cefoxitin, cephalothin, fucidic acid, piperacillin, piperacillin/Tazobactam. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that CoNS was predominant in inflamed cysts, which strongly suggests that aerobic bacteria play a role in the inflammatory process and treatment with antibiotics is necessary for epidermal cyst.
Agar ; Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Bacteria, Aerobic ; Bacteriology ; Buttocks ; Cacao ; Cefoxitin ; Cephalothin ; Epidermal Cyst ; Erythema ; Extremities ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Penicillin G ; Piperacillin ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Melasma has been shown to have a significant emotional and psychological effect on affected patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the Melasma Quality of Life Scale (MELASQOL) as compared to Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). METHODS: A total of 74 female patients of melasma were asked to complete a questionnaire of MELASQOL, DLQI, and additional demographic data. The degree of melasma was determined on the basis of clinical photos by the investigator using the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI). RESULTS: The mean age of these patients was 46.3+/-8.5 years. The mean MELASQOL score was 39.8+/-16.03 and the mean DLQI score 6.7+/-4.41. The MASI and MELASQOL scores showed statistically significant correlations (p<0.01, Pearson correlation=0.373). But, there was no statistically significant correlation between MASI and DLQI scores (p>0.05, Pearson correlation=0.129). Also, multiple linear regression model shows that the correlation of MASI and MELASQOL (standardized coefficient=0.367, p<0.001) is higher than the MASI and DLQI (standardized coefficient= 0.139, p>0.05). CONCLUSION: We suggest that the MELASQOL could be more relevant and useful than DLQI when evaluating the quality of life for melasma patients. It is presumed that the MELASQOL might be helpful in guiding the patient to appropriate treatment methods and in tracking patient's satisfaction levels.
Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Melanosis ; Quality of Life ; Research Personnel ; Track and Field ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Ultrasonography is an important diagnostic tool for many aspects of clinical medicine. It is a non-invasive method of examination that provides high-resolution images in real time. However, some dermatologists may be anxious about the efficacy of ultrasonography. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and to assess the utility of diagnostic ultrasonography for subcutaneous benign lesions. METHODS: The study included 96 patients with subcutaneous benign lesions who underwent ultrasonography and then received a pathologic diagnosis after biopsy or surgery at our hospital from July 2010 to December 2012. This study evaluated the number of cases in which the preoperative diagnosis after ultrasonography or just after physical examination agreed to the pathologic diagnosis. RESULTS: Ultrasonography significantly increased the diagnostic yield of subcutaneous benign lesions (after physical examination, 54.2%; after ultrasonography, 84.4%; p<0.001). The sensitivity for the diagnosis of lipoma (after physical examination, 70%; after ultrasonography, 92.5%; p<0.001) and the specificity for the diagnosis of epidermal cyst (after physical examination, 84.1%; after ultrasonography, 94.2%; p<0.001) significantly increased after ultrasonography. The sensitivity for the diagnosis of epidermal cyst and pilomatricoma also tended to increase after ultrasonography. CONCLUSION: The study results suggested that ultrasonography is useful for diagnosis and/or preoperative examination of subcutaneous benign lesions.
Biopsy ; Clinical Medicine ; Epidermal Cyst ; Humans ; Lipoma ; Physical Examination ; Pilomatrixoma ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Statistics as Topic

Transdermal drug delivery is applicable to only a few drugs because the stratum corneum is an excellent barrier to percutaneous absorption. Iontophoresis is a non-invasive technique which increases the drug deliveries into the skin through an electric current. In iontophoretic systems, the movement of ionized drugs is facilitated by electrical energy according to the basic electrical principles of "like charges repel each other and opposite charges attract". Iontophoresis has been explored for many dermatological applications with considerably successful reports. This article reviews the principles and advantages/limitations of iontophoresis, the factors affecting iontophoresis and its applications in various dermatological conditions.
Fees and Charges ; Iontophoresis ; Skin ; Skin Absorption

Radiofrequency (RF) device is a novel non-ablative technology which differs from laser devices that uses an electric current rather than a light source. RF device can deliver thermal energy to the dermis and stimulate neocollagenesis and dermal collagen remodeling, so that it is frequently used in cosmetic dermatology for skin rejuvenation. However, some questions remain regarding the optimal treatment parameter such as energy levels and number of passes. Unwanted adverse effects like burn and erythema with edema would occur at any time during the procedures. Therefore, it is very important that RF should be performed by skilled and well-trained clinicians. In this review, we summarized the basic principles of RF and its use to determine the evidence-based efficacy. In addition, various adverse effects and management of them will be addressed in this article.
Burns ; Collagen ; Cosmetics ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Edema ; Erythema ; Light ; Rejuvenation ; Skin

In the Korean language, half of the words originated from Chinese characters, while the other half are from native origins. Since the introduction of Hangul (Korean alphabet consists of 24 characters) with policy by the government after the second-world war, it has dramatically decreased the illiteracy rates within a relatively short period of time in our society. However, since the Japanese colonial period, many professional terminologies which still have its origins from Chinese characters are being used until today. The major issue is that professional terminologies including medical ones are quite difficult for common people to understand, despite their level of education. One aspect is that professional people are using too many sophisticated Chinese characters beyond the limits imposed by the government (1,800 common Chinese characters). In addition, Chinese characters expressed in Hangul are sometimes difficult to understand because of the same pronunciation from different Chinese characters. Since the introduction of medical insurance by the Korean government, most people in our society have benefited cheap medical care. Therefore, easy communication between doctors and patients are becoming mandatory, which is the rationale of developing ideal Korean medical terminology to answer the society's needs. The Korean Medical Association has encouraged the developments of simple and elegant medical terminologies for a very long time, and dramatic refinements of them have been made for the past 20 years. However, in reality, the majority of terminologies are still not unified because of strong conflicts between conservatism and liberalism toward the changes. The author recently published a monograph with an anatomist and a linguist, which contains the principles and techniques for refinement and creation in order to make easy and elegant medical terminologies with plenty of examples. From the article, the author intended to introduce many examples including conflicts solving strategies in the field of dermatology.
Anatomists ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Dermatology ; Education, Medical ; Literacy ; Humans ; Insurance ; Politics

We report a case of a 44 year-old man with porokeratosis of Mibelli, who presented with a 10 year history of a 1 cm diameter, well-circumscribed, erythematous, scaly patch with an elevated border on his glans penis. Histologic examination revealed a typical cornoid lamella and absence of an underlying granular layer. The localized type of porokeratosis of Mibelli is most commonly found on the limbs: however, the face, lips, mucosal surfaces, or genital area may instead be involved. We report a case of porokeratosis of Mibelli confined to the glans penis, a very rare site.
Adult ; Extremities ; Humans ; Lip ; Male ; Penis* ; Porokeratosis*

Lymphangioma circumscriptum is a rare, congenital benign hamartous malformation caused by the saccular dilatation of lymph channels lined by normal, single-cell, lymphatic endothelia that present as local eruptions of persistent, grouped, translucent vesicles. The predilection sites of lymphangioma circumscriptum are the tongue, axilla, abdomen, buttocks & groin, but scalp lesions are rare. We report a case of lymphangioma circumscriptum on the scalp of a 12 year old girl, which resembled a nevus sebaceous. She had a solitary, asymptomatic, 4.5 x 4.5 cm sized, normal skin-colored to yellowish grouped vesicular plaque on the scalp.
Abdomen ; Axilla ; Buttocks ; Child ; Dilatation ; Female ; Groin ; Humans ; Lymphangioma* ; Nevus* ; Scalp* ; Tongue

Verrucous carcinoma is a low grade and well-differentiated, unusual variant of squamous cell carcinoma. It is a slowly-growing, fungating and verrucous tumor that may penetrate deep into the tissue. In contrast to its malignant clinical feature, the tumor tends to invade locally and metastasize rarely. In addition, it has benign histologic features. It usually occurs on the oropharynx, anogenital and plantar areas. Herein, we report an unusual case of verrucous carcinoma occurring on the triangular fossa of the auricle in a 51-year-old man.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Carcinoma, Verrucous* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Oropharynx