No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Nephroma, Mesoblastic* ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal*

No abstract available.
Rectal Fistula*

No abstract available.
Lymphoma*

This paper introduces a safe arthroscopic technique passing through the posterior septum from the posteromedial cotnpartment to the posterolateral compartment, or vice versa, without damage to the PCL, capsule, and/or neurovascular structures. The posterior septum is triangular, bounded by the PCL anteriorly, the posterior portion of the femoral I.ntercondylar notch superiorly, the posterior capsule posteriorly, and devicles the posterior compartment of the knee joint into the posteromedial and posterolateral compartments. The middle genicular vessel pierces the posterior capsule and runs along the superior border of the posteriorseptum. There are no dangerous important structures at the central portion of the triangle of the posterior septum. This arthroscopic posterior portal technique is devided 4 steps. The first step is to make a posteromedial portal under direct arthroscopic visualization. The second step is to make a posterolateral portal. The third step is to make a hole at the posterior septum and to examine throposterolatera] compartment. The fourth step is to examine the posteromedial compartment through the posterior septum. This technique provides complete visualization of the posterior compartment of the knee joint, including the posterior aspect of the both femoral condyles, the posterior hom of both menisci, the PCL, the meniscofemoral ligament (Wrisberg s ligament), the posterior aspect of the pop liteal tendon, the femoral attachment of the ACL, the posterior septum and the posterior capsule. We have used this technique from October, 1994 to June, 1996 in 58 knees; arthroscopic total synovectomy in 43, removal of the loose bodies located behind the PCL in 8, PCL re!construction in 4, meniscal repair with all inside suture technique in 3. In conclusion, this procedure is very helpful in performing arthroscopic total synovectomy in chronic, acute, hemophilic, and crystal induced synovitis, in removing encapsulated loose bodies located behind the PCL, and in suturing peripheral tears of the posterior hom of the medial rneniscus with an all inside suture technique.
Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Ligaments ; Suture Techniques ; Synovitis ; Tendons

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female

The incidence of cervical pregnancy and the number of combined intrauterine pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy seems to be increasing. So the possibility of heterotopic pregnancy should always be considered by every gynecologist, especially those who treat infertility problem. We experience a case of a heterotopic pregnancy coexisting of an intrauterine pregnancy and a cervical pregnancy after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, and was successfully managed by transcervical evacuation and resulted in a normal intrauterine pregnancy. Here we present the case with review of literatures.
Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and the site of osteomas and their relation to sinonasal inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1578 PNS computed tomography (CT) of patients with symptoms of sinusitis were evaluated and correlation with plain radiographic finding was done. RESULTS: The total incidence of osteomas was 0.82%(13/1578) on plain radiography and 3.29% (52/1578) on CT. Fifty-seven osteomas were found in 1578 PNS CT, including 2 osteomas in 5 cases. The most common site was the ethmoid sinus(54%, 31/57) and the next was the frontal sinus(35%, 20/57) on CT. Forty-five osteomas (78.9%) were associated with the sinonasal inflammatory change. CONCLUSION: The total incidence of osteomas from our results was higher than previous reports. And based on the analysis of CT, the most common site was not the frontal sinus as all the previous reports stated, but the ethmoid sinus, probably by virtue of high resolution of CT and/or higher prevalence of inflammation in the ethmold sinus.
Ethmoid Sinus ; Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Osteoma* ; Prevalence ; Radiography ; Sinusitis ; Virtues

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of intreaepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (IE-PRK) for the treatment of myopic regression after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) METHODS: 38 eyes of 22 patients who had previous LASIK for myopia were selected and retreated with IE-PRK, in which a photoablation was performed directly in the epithelium without damage to Bowman's layer. All eyes were elapsed at least 6 months after the LASIK. Follow-up was up to 6 months and within +/-0.50 of emmetropia on 6 months after surgery was considered as a success. RESULTS: Before IE-PRK, the eyes regressed to a mean of .1.26+/-0.45 D spherical equivalent (SE). The mean SE at 1 week after IE-PRK was .0.44+/-0.88 D, 1 month was .0.59+/-0.45 D, 3 month was .0.63+/-0.41, 6 month was .0.62+/-0.43 (p<0.05). 23 of the 38 eyes (60.5%) had refraction within +/-0.50 and were considered as successfully treated. Preoperative mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.33+/-0.18 (Snellen equivalent) and final mean BCVA was 0.77+/-0.99 (p<0.01). There were no significant complications of corneal flap. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that intraepithelial photorefractive keratectomy appears to be a safe means for treating patients for regression after LASIK procedure. But success rate was not so good as the enhancement. Controlled studies with larger population will be necessary to evaluate the accuracy of the method more correctly.
Emmetropia ; Epithelium ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Myopia ; Photorefractive Keratectomy* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To compare results of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) for the treatment of high myopia. METHODS: In this study, 129 patients with a manifest refraction over -6.00 diopters were assigned two groups for 144 eyes of 72 patient treated with LASIK and 114 eyes of 57 patients treated with LASEK. Uncorrected visual acuity, manifest refraction, corneal haze and other complications were reviewed in LASIK- and LASEK-treated eyes at 6 months after the operation. RESULTS: At the 6-month follow-up, there were significant between-eye differences in uncorrected visual acuity and mean spherical equivalent. And LASEK-treated eyes had more corneal opacity and it makes decreased uncorrected visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Both laser refractive surgeries were safe and effective methods to treat eyes with high myopia. But LASIK procedure may prove superior to decrease corneal opacity and visual predictability.
Corneal Opacity ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratectomy, Subepithelial, Laser-Assisted ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Myopia* ; Refractive Surgical Procedures ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUNDS:Bile reflux gastritis can occur when pylorus ablation is associated with bile stasis in the stomach. It can also occur with a gastrojejunostomy when bile is continuously poured into the gastric remnant after a vagotomy and an antrectomy. The diagnosis of bile reflux gastritis can be made only when the patient has bile gastritis documented on biopsy; the simple observation of a bile-stained mucosa in a gastric remnant is not sufficient to make the diagnosis of bile reflux gastritis. METHODS: Technetium-99m diisopropyl iminodiacetic acid (Tc-99m DISIDA) scintigraphy was used to study bile reflux into the gastric remnant in 31 patients with gastric operations. All patients had gastrofibroscopic biopsies in order to identify the bile reflux gastritis. RESULTS: Tc-99m DISIDA Scintigraphy identified bile reflux in 15 (83.2%) of 18 patients after a subtotal gastrectomy and a Billroth II gastrojejunostomy. Hewever, no bile reflux occured in either the 10 patients with a hemigastrectomy plus Billroth I gastoduodenostomy or the 3 patients with a truncal vagotomy plus pyloroplasty. Also, gastrofibroscopic biopsies identified bile reflux gastritis in only 3 patients (9.7%) with a subtotal gastrectomy plus Billroth II reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: The patients who underwent a subtotal gastrectomy and Billroth II reconstruction showed higher bile reflux rates than did the patients who underwent a hemigastrectomy plus Billroth I reconstruction and a truncal vagotomy plus pyloroplasty (p<0.05). Also, only 9.7% of the postgastrectomy patients developed bile reflux gastritis.
Bile Reflux ; Bile* ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Gastrectomy ; Gastric Bypass ; Gastric Stump ; Gastritis ; Gastroenterostomy ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Pylorus ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Reflex* ; Stomach ; Vagotomy ; Vagotomy, Truncal