No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Nephroma, Mesoblastic* ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal*

No abstract available.
Breast Feeding* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Case-Control Studies* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Interleukin-10*

No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Extremities* ; Sarcoma*

Giant cell tumor of the spine is regarded as a cllnically mallgnant tumor because of its difficulty in diagnosis, cord compression and its frequent recurrence. The consensus of current report on giant cell tumor is that local resection is the treatment of choice where it is feasible. In the spine, however, because of its inoperable location, irradiation has become an accepted mode of treatment, although the results of which are at best uncertain. Total spondylectomy Is a formidable undertaking and its report is scarce. In 1966, Lievre reported total spondylectomy of the fourth lumber vertebra. In 1968, Stener and Johnsen performed total spondylectomy of three vertebral bodies, the eleventh thoracic through the first lumbar. Recently, in the summer of 1979, Edwards reported prosthetic replacement after total spondylectomy. This report presents our experience with giant cell tumor of the thlrd lumbar vertebra, which was successively treated by an excislonal biopsy through anterior retroperitoneal approach, complete removal of the vertebral body and interbody fusion of the adjoining vertebrae through an anterior medlan transperitoneal approach, and finally by excislon of the remaining posterior elemsnt and a posterior H-graft supplimented by loop wire flxation. At six month follow-up, fusion was solid and there was no exidence of recurrence of the tumor.
Biopsy ; Consensus ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Mortuary Practice ; Recurrence ; Spine

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has wide spread to aviation. This study was conducted to find out the perception of flight training for student pilots in the flight training center in a university with COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: It analyzed through qualitative research by aviation subject matter experts in Korea. Results: The advantages of COVID-19 were the increased flight training opportunities due to significant decrease of aircraft operations in the airports, reduced ground school hours due to Social Distancing concerns of infection, difficulty in communication due to wearing masks, difficulty in purchasing parts for the maintenance, deterioration of skills due to reduced face to face class hours, and laxity in lifestyle were found. Conclusion It was analyzed that the longer the corona pandemic, the lower the motivation of students due to uncertainty in the job market.

The human factors become the most important factor in aviation safety. In order to prevent accident, pilots should manage errors in the cockpit. International Civil Aviation Authority (ICAO) recommends airlines to implement line operation safety audit (LOSA) to identify the management of errors by pilots and understand real errors and the competencies. The LOSA may provide metrics of the prevalence of errors by each types and rate of trapping errors to management enhancing errors. Airlines may understand how crew respond and manage errors. The operator may enhance safety once they identify errors and train crew how they manage to reduce the most mismanagement errors. This study is to provide operators eight recommendations on how to enhance errors and LOSA understanding human errors collected through LOSA and enhancing the implementation of LOSA with guidance according to ICAO and Federal Aviation Administration.

The fatigue of pilots is the most threatening factor in aviation safety internationally, requiring continuous management. In order to prevent aircraft accidents that may occur due to fatigue, this paper analyzes fatigue-related accident cases and previous research and suggests ways to improve the fatigue management of pilots. Problems in major fatigue accidents were active communication failure, lack of leadership of the captain, inadequate contingency management, lack of workload management, and the most important factors in accidents were inadequate decision making of continuing an approach without going around. It is necessary to proactively improve and establish go-around culture in the organization and manage human factors with training and procedures of Threat and Error Management and Crew Resource Management. In order to fundamentally prevent accidents related to fatigue fundamentally, it is necessary to establish Fatigue Risk Management and Safety Management System, and identify the actual threats and errors in the cockpit of the aircraft.