Class III malocclusions are difficult to treat and take more time than any other types. But if such problems are detected at the earliest opportunity, we may gain the best possible correction consistent with the limitations imposed by morphogenetic pattern. The question of whether a patient has false or real Class III malocclusion is not important. Therapy wilt eleminate the malrelationship, in any event. Graber said, "It has been my experience that many so-called "pseudo" Class III"s are full-blown Class III" s later on during the prolific growth period." The authors have attempted early treatment of a Class III malocclusion of 8-year old girl, who has the familial history of Class III malocclusion.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Malocclusion*

The role of the Orthodontist in cleft lip and cleft palate therapy is primarily ill correction of malocclusion which is required by practically every child who has these defects. He can contribute to the assessment of dento-facial growth and development. We may gain the possible limited correction of delayed malocclusion due to cleft lip and palate. The authors have attempted delayed orthodontic treatment of a cleft lip and palate of 12.9 years old girl, who had a cleft lip and palate of surgical closure at 2,3 and 4 years old.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip* ; Cleft Palate ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Palate*

On the length, strength, free lateral motion, and perfect mobility of the thumb, depends the power of the human hand. The thumb is called pollex because of its strength and that strength is necessary to the power of the hand being equal to that of all the fingers."So stated Sir Chales Bell in the fourth Bridgewater Treatise, first published in 1833. Morrison and O'Brien advocated reconstruction of the thumb with a free wrap around flap from the big toe to recreate a stable, sensate and functional digit including the nail in 1980. From March, 1982 to July, 1988, Twelve thumb reconstructions were performed using the wrap around procedure at Hanyang University Hospital;12 successful thumb reconstructions were reviewed at an average of 16 months after surgery. There were several complications;these included skin necrosis(4), malunion(1), resorption of the bone graft(7). We considered that cosmesis and function were good;pinch grip averaged 68% of normal, sensibility returned in all patients as assessed by two-point discrimination(average 9.5mm). Over all the results are as follows. 1. The wrap around technic provides a good method of reconstruction. 2. The wrap around technic is one stage operation and can be used in the level of metacarpal amputation. 3. The surgeon should be familiar with microsurgical technic.
Amputation ; Hallux ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Methods ; Skin ; Thumb

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Skin* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Prostheses and Implants*

PURPOSE: To analyze contrast-enhancement pattern of stomach cancer on dynamic MRI and to verify the efficacy of intravenous contrast agent in the evaluation of stomach cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with proven stomach cancer underwent dynamic MRI, By using 1.0T scanner, we obtained precontrast FLASH images, and 30, 60, 90 second delay FLASH images after intravenous contrast injection. All patients ingested on liter of water and had intramuscluar injection of Buscopan just before MR study. For quantitative analysis we measured signal to noise ratio (S/N) of stomach cancer on each image, and signal difference to noise ratio (SD/N) between cancer and intraluminal fluid, cancer and the pancreas. For qualitative analysis two radiologists evaluated lesion conspicuity on each image by grading system(grade 0, 1, 2, 3: poor, fair, good, excellent). RESULTS: S/N of stomach cancer increased gradually by time(precontrast, 30, 60, 90 second delay:38.7, 42.5, 57.4, 65.7). SD/N between cancer and intraluminal fluid significantly increased after contrast enhancement(1.24, 25.01, 39.30, 45.89). SD/Ns between cancer and the pancreas were 10.5, 9.33, 9.99, 10.66 respectively. In qualitative analysis, precontrast images were better than postcontrast images for delineation of stomach cancer, Postcontrast images showed clear endo-luminal side of stomach cancer, but outer margin of stomach cancer was more distinct on precontrast images. CONCLUSION: Precontrast MR images are better than postcontrast MR images in the depiction of stomach cancer. Intravenous contrast agent is not imperative in the evaluation of stomach cancer.
Butylscopolammonium Bromide ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Noise ; Pancreas ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Water

Authors reviewed 28 cases of displaced acetabular fracture treated operatively from Februay 1991 to January 1996 and followed up more than 1 year. The clinical results were retrospectively analyzed with consideration of surgical problems and complications. The results were as follows; 1. According to Letournels classification, we had 16 elementary fractures(57%) and 12 associated fractures(43%). 2. Kocher-Langenbeck approach in 16 cases, ilioinguinal in 9 cases, extended iliofemoral 2 cases and combined approach in 1 case were used. 3. The devices for internal fixation were as follows: screw only in 12 cases(elementary fracture 9cases, associated fracture 3 cases), plate and screw in 16 cases(elementary fracture 7 cases, as-sociated fracture 9 cases). 4. There were complications such as 3 degenerative arthritis, 2 superficial wound infection, 1 iatrog-enic sciatic nerve palsy and 1 avascular necrosis of femoral head and no postoperative heterotro-phic ossification. 5. Satisfactory reduction by radiologic criteria was gained in 23 cases(82%). Satisfactory results by clinical criteria(by dAubigne & Postels) was gained in 21 cases(75%). Only 2 patient with a satisfactory radiologic reduction was clinically unsatisfactory. It seems that the satisfactory operative reduction of the fracture is the factor that correlates best with a satisfact-ory clinical result.
Acetabulum* ; Classification ; Head ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Osteoarthritis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sciatic Neuropathy ; Wound Infection

The pubic bone is an unusual site for an aneurysmal bone cyst. This case, a 15year old male patient, was diagnosed as an aneurysmal bone cyst in the superior ramus of the right pubic bone. He was treated by complete excision of the superior ramus and on five years follow up no problems were noted in terms of weight bearing as well as hip function or evidence of recurrence.
Aneurysm ; Bone Cysts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Pubic Bone ; Recurrence ; Weight-Bearing

Notch stenosis had been thought to be related with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible relationship between notch stenosis and ACL injury. We measured the notch seen on the axial section in MRI at popliteal groove. We have retrospectively analyzed 116 cases of knee MRI. All cases were divided into three groups ; Group I were fifty six normal knee. Group II were thirty knee with contact ACL injuries. Group III were thirty knee with non contact ACL injuries. The result were as follows; 1. Statistically significant difference was found in the notch width index (NWI) between group I and group III but no significant differences was found in the NWI between group I and group II. 2. Statistically significant correlation to non-contact ACL injuries was found in the NWI at both anterior and posterior outlet of the notch. 3. An unique shape of the notch was found in the majority of group III.There seemed to be an obvious relationship between notch stenosis and non-contact ACL injuries.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Knee ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Retrospective Studies

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a highly malignant tumor of uncertain histogenesis. Here we report a case of DSRCT involving the stomach, initially misdiagnosed as gastric cancer. A 12-year-old boy presented with upper abdominal pain developed 1 month prior. On gastroscopy, a 7-cm mass was noted involving the esophago-gastric junction to the fundus, and positron emission tomography showed multiple hot uptakes suggesting distant metastasis. Gastroscopic biopsy showed poorly differentiated malignant cells. We diagnosed as stage IV gastric cancer and treated with 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Laparotomy revealed a huge gastric mass along with peritoneal disseminations. Palliative proximal gastrectomy was performed. Pathological examination revealed transmural involvement of DSRCT, and t(11;22)(p12;q12) was demonstrated on fluorescence in situ hybridization test. The chemotherapeutic regimen was changed and the patient underwent 8 additional cycles of post-operative chemotherapy. The patient is now alive and the residual tumor shows no significant changes after chemotherapy.
Abdominal Pain ; Biopsy ; Child ; Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor ; Fluorescence ; Gastrectomy ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Laparotomy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms