No abstract available.
Aminolevulinic Acid*

In order to study the exposure level of silica dust and the effects of silica dust on ventilatory function, respirable dust samples were collected by personal air samplers using NIOSH method 0500 from the selected foundry operations, and ventilatory function tests were performed on 209 male foundry workers and 239 male control subjects. Ventilatory indices such as forced vital capacity (FVC) , one-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), ratio of FEV1 to FVC(FEV1 %), maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMF), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and maximal expiratory flow at 25, 50 and 75 % of expired FVC (FEF25, FEF50, FEF75 were obtained by analyzing forced expiratory spirogram and maximal expiratory flow-volume curve which were simultaneously measured by Vitalography in standing position. The results were as follows : 1. The average quartz concentrations of respirable dust were the highest in melting operation (0.079 mg/m3) and followed by molding operation (0.051 mg/m3), finishing operation (0.041 mg/m3) and coremaking operation (0.023 mg/m3) in the descending order. 2. No significant differences for mean values of all ventilatory indices expressed as percent of predicted value were demonstrated between smokers and nonsmokers In foundry workers and control subjects. 3. Mean values of all ventilatory indices except FVC of foundry workers were significantly lower than those of control subjects. 4. Mean values of FEV1 %, MMF, FEF25, FEF50 and FEF75 expressed as percent of predicted value tended to decrease with increasing cumulative dust exposure. 5. In foundry workers, proportions of workers with low MMF, FEF50 and FEF75 were markedly higher than those with other indices, and were significantly increased with increasing cumulative dust exposure. 6. In foundry workers, 2 workers(1.0 %) were diagnosed as silicosis and the profusion of radiographic opacities were category 1/0 and q type. With the above considerations in mind, it suggested that increasing exposure of silica dust be associated with progressive deterioration in ventilatory function of an obstructive nature and that MMF, FEF50 and FEF75 be more sensitive indices in the detection of the early obstructive changes of air flow of workers exposed to silica dust.
Dust* ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Freezing ; Fungi ; Humans ; Male ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) ; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ; Quartz ; Silicon Dioxide* ; Silicosis ; Vital Capacity

PURPOSE: We evaluated oncologic outcomes of chondrosarcomas and analyzed the disease-free survival rate of chondrosarcomas according to the various factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study for the disease-free survival rate of 48 chondrosarcomas, 44 of which underwent surgical treatment and followed up more than 18 months since 1993, and in the remaining 4 cases, the patients died before 18 months after surgery. The vsariables were location, tumor volume, histologic grade, stage, age at presentation and treatment performed. The mean follow up period was 43.8 months (1-196 months). RESULTS: The overall disease-free survival rate was 77.1% at mean 43.8 month follow up. The 5 year- and 10 year disease-free survival rates were 64% and 58% respectively. The histologic grade, stage, age at presentation revealed statistical significance on disease-free survival. All 9 patients treated with extended curettage for grade 1 central chondrosarcomas revealed disease-free survival with excellent functional outcome. CONCLUSION: The disease-free survival rate of chondrosarcomas mainly depended on histologic grade, stage and age at presentation. Local recurrence and distant metastasis also revealed statistically significant differences of disease-free survival rate. Comparing to wide resection, extended curettage for low-grade central chondrosarcomas in extremities were efficient methods with similar survival rate and less functional losses and complications.
Chondrosarcoma ; Curettage ; Disease-Free Survival ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of the arterial phase of dynamic spiral CT in the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared with the late phase. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two phase spiral CT images of seventeen patients with pathologically proven pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas were compared retrospectively. CT scans were performed with 5mm collimation at 1:1 pitch table speed. Images of arterial and late phases were obtained at 35 seconds and 180 seconds after initiation of administration of 100mL of contrast material(3mL/sec), respectively. Images of the arterial phase were compared with those of the late phase. RESULTS: Images of the arterial phase showed sufficient contrast between the tumor and adjacent pancreatic parenchyma in 12 cases, insufficient in four cases, and no significant contrast in one case. Images of the late phase showed sufficient contrast in five cases, insufficient in five cases, and no significant contrast in seven cases. Images of the arterial phase was superior to that of the late phase in 12 patients(70.6%). In six of the 12 patients, only the images of the arterial phase showed contrast between the tumor and the adjacent parenchyma. The images of late phase showed only one case of three metastasis detected on the images of the arterial phase. CONCLUSION: The arterial phase of spiral CT is superior to the late phase that is comparable with conventional CT in the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Choanal Atresia*

PURPOSE: To analyze clinical, radiological and pathological features as well as clinical outcome after surgical treatment of patients with secondary chondrosarcoma arising from osteochondroma(tosis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical records, radiographs, pathologic slides of 14 patients. Nine patients were male and five were female. The mean age was 34 years. The mean follow-up period was 54 months. RESULTS: All patients had a history of previous mass since childhood or puberty. Preexisted osteochondroma was single in 3 patients and multiple in 10. Remaining 1 patient had multiple osteochondromatosis with enchondromatosis. MRI clearly provided thickness of cartilage cap, which was over 2 cm except in 2 cases. Chondrosarcoma was grade 1 in all except 1 case, which was grade 2. Wide excision was performed in 10 patients, marginal excision in 3 and amputation in 1. Twelve patients were doing very well without evidence of disease. Among 3 patients with marginal excision, 1 patient had local recurrence and 1 patient died of disease. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive understanding of clinical, radiological and pathological features of secondary chondrosarcoma is warranted for accurate diagnosis. The best result can be expected with early recognition of malignant change of osteohcondroma(tosis) and wide excision.
Amputation ; Cartilage ; Chondrosarcoma ; Enchondromatosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Osteochondroma ; Osteochondromatosis ; Puberty ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To investigate prognostic factors influencing on local recurrence, distant metastasis and event-free survival of liposarcomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients managed for liposarcomas since 1993 were analyzed respectively in the view of prognostic influence of patient age, tumor size, location, histologic type, histologic grade, resection type, surgical margin, chemotherapy and radiation therapy on local recurrence, distant metastasis and event-free survival. The mean follow up period was 39 months. The univariate and multivariate regression analysis were performed for statistical evaluation. RESULTS: The local recurrences occurred in 11 patients (21.2%) and distant metastasis in 4 patients (8%), Event-free survival rate at 4 year follow up was 67%. In univariate analysis, histologic grade, surgical margin, chemotherapy and radiation therapy were significant prognostic factors on local recurrence (p<0.05). However, histologic grade lost its significance in muitivariate analysis. Trunk location revealed higher rate of distant metastasis than extremity location. In univariate analysis on event-free survival. histologic grade and chemotherapy were significant factors (p<0.05). No factor remained significant in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Considering selection bias, positive surgical margin was negative prognostic factor on local recurrence. Liposarcomas arisen in trunk revealed higher rate of distant metastasis. There was no independent prognostic factor on event-free survival of patients with liposarcomas.
Disease-Free Survival ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liposarcoma ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Selection Bias

No abstract available.
Chickenpox*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Desexualization Care guided by dramaturgical interaction on women's embarrassment during cervical cancer screening. METHOD: This study was carried out in a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized post-test only design. 62 women who had cervical cancer screening were conveniently recruited from a university hospital health promotion center. Embarrassment was measured under four distinctive sub-dimensions by the method of self-reported questionnaire and blood pressure and pulse rates monitoring. The data of control group had a conventional pap smear were collected in advance and then those of experimental group were gathered after completing data collection in the control group. Women in experimental group were provided with a newly developed cervical cancer screening programme in which interdisciplinary team conducted dramaturgical interaction. RESULT: There was no significant difference in the scores of VAS between the two groups. The score of physiological response of Embarrassment Measurement Scale was significantly lower in experimental group than in the control group (p<.05), while no significant difference was found in cognitive-emotional, non-verbal and verbal behavioral responses between the two groups. There was also no significant difference in blood pressure and pulse rates between the two groups during cervical screening. CONCLUSION: Desexualization Care guided by dramaturgical interaction during cervical screening was found to have positive effect on physiological response of women's embarrassment. Further research for identifying other main variables which might have influenced on women's embarrassment is needed.
Blood Pressure ; Data Collection ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* ; Verbal Behavior

A retrospective study was made of the medical records of 114 pregnant women with untreated syphilis and their offsprings, and 19 pregnant women with treated syphilis and their offsprings at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine during the years 1972 through 1981. We analyzed the outcornes of offsprings from both untreated and treated syphilitic mothers and the clinical manife- stations of early congenital syphilis. The results obtained were as follows: Of 30 offsprings from 30 untreated syphilitic mothers with VDRL titer below 1: 4, six(20%) had congenital syphilis, one(3%) was a stillbirth, and twenty-three were normal infants. Of 84 offsprings from 84 untreated syphilitic mothers with VDRL titer above 1: 8, fifty-six(67g) had congenital syphilis, ten(12g,) were neonatal deaths, and eighteen(21%) were stillbirths, Normal infants were not observed. The mean weight ratio of placenta to fetus was 0 29 in g8 offsprings from syphilitic mothers. The ratios were as follows: 0. 25 in 14 living infants with con- genital syphilis, 0. 27 in 5 neonatal deaths, and (), 33 in 19 stillbirths respectively. 3, Of 19 pregnant women with treated syphilis, the qualitative tests of VDRL were all reactive except for one case and the quantitatis e tests of VDRL were 1: 1 weakly reactive to 1: 4 reactive. FTA-ABS tests demonstrated reactive results in all cases. The qualitative tests of VDRL in the infeants of the treated mothers were 1: 1 weakly reactive to 1: 2 reactive and FTA-ABS tests were reactive in all cases.-countinue-
Female ; Fetus ; Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorption Test ; Humans ; Infant ; Medical Records ; Mothers* ; Placenta ; Pregnant Women ; Retrospective Studies ; Stillbirth ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Congenital*