1.Influence of Sensual Similarity of Drug Name on Taking Error
Hiroyasu Sato ; Kohei Fujita ; Yuto Taniguchi ; Hiroko Yahata ; Tomohiro Haruyama ; Yoshihiro Hashimoto ; Shigeki Tanaka ; Hitoshi Komori
Japanese Journal of Drug Informatics 2012;14(1):14-20
Objective: Similarity of drug names is one factor of dispensing incidents. The aim of this study was to survey the relation between sensual similarities of drug names and the occurrence of taking errors for pharmacists who actually prepare medicine.
Methods: A pair of drugs (15 incident pairs and 104 control pairs) was displayed on a computer screen at random. The subject’s task was to determine the sensual similarity of them. Thirteen pharmacists who prepared these pairs and caused their incidents participated in the experiment.
Results: The result showed that the sensual similarity of drug names of incident pairs was found to be highly significant in comparison to one of the control pairs [p=0.026]. However, the similarity in incident pairs is not necessarily high. It was suggested that the similarity of drug name was not the only factor of taking error. Multiple linear regression analyses of the sensual similarity in control pairs were performed, in which 10 variables were reported as quantitative indicators of similarity of drug name and were able to be measured on the internet. The correlation was good [R2=0.828]. However, this regression model was not useful when adjusting to incident pairs. In incident pairs, the similarity value calculated by the regression model was lower than the measured sensual similarity.
Conclusion: The result suggested that measured sensual similarity includes other risk factors of taking error, such as appearance similarity and/or efficacy similarity and/or short distance arrangement. It seemed that the pharmacist’s ability complicated the factor of taking error.
2.Clinical Efficacy of Shoes and Custom-made Insoles in Treating Children with Flatfoot
Keiji HASHIMOTO ; Mariko KAMIDANI ; Makiko NAITOH ; Kohei MIYAMURA ; Anri KAMIDE ; Manami HONDA ; Yuko YAMAUCHI ; Takeshi KAMIKUBO ; Masahiro ABO
The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2014;51(12):794-798
We performed a prospective study to determine whether the walking pattern of children with flatfoot can be influenced by using shoes and custom-modeled insoles. One hundred and thirty-two children (mean age ; 4.20±2.53) who had been referred by a physiatrist, and who were diagnosed with flatfoot at the brace clinic in our institute, were assigned to three groups : The first group was asked to walk barefoot, the second one to walk with shoes without insoles and the last one to walk with shoes with insoles. We measured walking speed, cadence, step length, step width, the duration of right and left stance phases, both double-limb stance phases, both swing phases, walking angle, and toe angle using a 2.4 m sheet-type Gait Analyzer, the Walk Way MW-1000 TM, at the individual's self-selected speed. Compared with the barefoot group, a significant increase was observed in the group using shoes with custom-modeled insoles in both walking speed and step length on both sides, and there were reductions in swing phase and walking angle on both sides (paired t-test ; p<0.002).
3.Significance of intraprostatic architecture and regrowth velocity for considering discontinuation of dutasteride after combination therapy with an alpha blocker: A prospective, pilot study.
Tetsuya SHINDO ; Kohei HASHIMOTO ; Takashi SHIMIZU ; Naoki ITOH ; Naoya MASUMORI
Korean Journal of Urology 2015;56(4):305-309
PURPOSE: We conducted a prospective single-center study to evaluate the possibility of discontinuation of dutasteride after combination therapy with an alpha blocker for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively treated BPH patients with an alpha blocker and dutasteride (0.5 mg/d). Patients who had been treated with alpha blockers against BPH for more than 2 months were eligible, and 20 patients were included in the study. After 6 months of combination therapy, dutasteride was discontinued. Patients were followed for 12 months after cessation. Prostate volume, intraprostatic architecture determined by transrectal ultrasound, peak urinary flow rate, postvoid residual urine volume, and the serum prostate-specific antigen level were evaluated every 6 months, and the International Prostate Symptom Score and overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) every 3 months. Patients were allowed to restart dutasteride during the follow-up period according to their desire. RESULTS: Twelve patients (12/20, 60%) restarted the combination therapy from 6 to 12 months into the follow-up period. For patients who restarted dutasteride, the prostate volume and OABSS had increased and worsened after discontinuation, respectively. A visible transition zone with a clear border on transrectal ultrasound at baseline and regrowth of the prostate after discontinuation of dutasteride were risk factors for restarting the therapy (Mann-Whitney U test: p=0.008, p=0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Prostatic enlargement after discontinuation of dutasteride differs among patients. Rapid regrowth of the prostate leads to deterioration of storage symptoms and a tendency to restart dutasteride. Baseline intraprostatic architecture may be a predictive factor for whether the patient is a good candidate for discontinuation.
5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/administration & dosage/adverse effects
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*Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/administration & dosage/adverse effects
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Aged
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Drug Monitoring
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Drug Therapy, Combination/methods
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*Dutasteride/administration & dosage/adverse effects
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Follow-Up Studies
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Humans
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Japan
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Organ Size
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Prospective Studies
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*Prostate/drug effects/pathology/ultrasonography
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Prostate-Specific Antigen/analysis
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*Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy/pathology
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Secondary Prevention/methods/statistics & numerical data
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Treatment Outcome
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Withholding Treatment
4.Small Bowel Obstruction After Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis With a Loop Ileostomy in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.
Hitoshi KAMEYAMA ; Yoshifumi HASHIMOTO ; Yoshifumi SHIMADA ; Saki YAMADA ; Ryoma YAGI ; Yosuke TAJIMA ; Takuma OKAMURA ; Masato NAKANO ; Kohei MIURA ; Masayuki NAGAHASHI ; Jun SAKATA ; Takashi KOBAYASHI ; Shin ichi KOSUGI ; Toshifumi WAKAI
Annals of Coloproctology 2018;34(2):94-100
PURPOSE: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) remains a common complication after pelvic or abdominal surgery. However, the risk factors for SBO in ulcerative colitis (UC) surgery are not well known. The aim of the present study was to clarify the risk factors associated with SBO after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) with a loop ileostomy for patients with UC. METHODS: The medical records of 96 patients who underwent IPAA for UC between 1999 and 2011 were reviewed. SBO was confirmed based on the presence of clinical symptoms and radiographic findings. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the SBO group and the non-SBO group. We also analyzed the relationship between SBO and computed tomography (CT) scan image parameters. RESULTS: The study included 49 male and 47 female patients. The median age was 35.5 years (range, 14–72 years). We performed a 2- or 3-stage procedure as a total proctocolectomy and IPAA for patients with UC. SBO in the pretakedown of the loop ileostomy after IPAA occurred in 22 patients (22.9%). Moreover, surgical intervention for SBO was required for 11 patients. In brief, closure of the loop ileostomy was performed earlier than expected. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the 2-stage procedure (odds ratio, 2.850; 95% confidence interval, 1.009–8.044; P = 0.048) was a significant independent risk factor associated with SBO. CT scan image parameters were not significant risk factors of SBO. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that a 2-stage procedure is a significant risk factor associated with SBO after IPAA in patients with UC.
Colitis, Ulcerative*
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Female
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Humans
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Ileostomy*
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Logistic Models
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Male
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Medical Records
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Risk Factors
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Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Ulcer*