BACKGROUND: Fundus photographs performed during health check-up were reviewed to determine the usefulness in mass screening. METHODS: Subjects consistine of 3017 people who had undergone physical health check up at the Health Clinic, Dong-Eui Medical Center in 1997 and whose fundus photographs of both eyes were taken showing clearly visible posterior pole and optic disc were chosen as subjects. Medical records which included cases of reported close exam and causes, actual cases of close exam and final diagnoses. RESULTS: Of the 3017 people, reported close exam was performed in 665 (22.0%). Among them glaucoma was suspected in 460 retinal hemorrhagic lesion in 63, retinal degenerative lesion in 67 and others in 75. There were 187 actual cases(28.1%) of close exam including glaucoma suspect in 79, retinal hemorrhagic lesion 47, retinal degenerative lesion 34 and others 27. Among 187 actual cases of close exam, 140 people (1.3%) were eventually diagnosed as glaucoma suspect (60), retinal hemorrhagic lesion (38), retinal degenerative lesion (21) and others (21). CONCLUSIONS: Fundus photographs are useful in mass screening, but performing close exam to enhance the usefulness of the fundus photographs is necessary.
Diagnosis ; Glaucoma ; Mass Screening* ; Medical Records ; Retinaldehyde

The electrophrenic diaphragm pacemaker was implanted bilaterally in a patient with apnea due to high cervical fracture and dislocation. Initially, the phrenic nerves were stimulated during 3-minute period hourly, the PaO2, PaCO2, tidal volume, minutes volume being measured at the beginning and end of each period. Pacing was then gradually increased. The patient's respiration was controlled by the electrophrenic diaphragm pacemaker for up to 30 minutes without mechanical ventilatory support. It is possible that respiratory paralysis associated with quadriplegia has become partially or totally independent of conventional respirator treatment which limits the patient to hospital care. Since completely safe and reliable apnea alarm systems are lacking, quadriplegic patient still requires continuos supervision. However the patient will be able to leave the hospital and perform a more active life, and the care has become easier and less expensive. Further improvement of the technique and equipment may add to the beneficial effects of electrophrenic diaphragm pacemaker.
Apnea ; Diaphragm* ; Dislocations ; Humans ; Organization and Administration ; Phrenic Nerve ; Quadriplegia ; Respiration ; Respiratory Paralysis ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilators, Mechanical

The authors present a case of central neurocytoma in right lateral ventricle. Central neurocytoma is a rare clinicopathological entity that has been recently recognized and is characterized by 1) intraventricular location, 2) predominant occurance in young adults, 3) oligodendroglioma-like histology, 4) benign course, 5) immunohistochemical and ultrastructual evidence of neuronal differentiation. Twenty one year old female patient was admitted to the Department of neurosurgery of Chung Ang Gil hospital because of diplopia and headache which developed and progressed gradually 2 months prior to admission. The neurological examination showed paresis of right lateral rectus muscle, bilateral optic papilledema, nystagmus and mild left hemiparesis. MRI scan showd an intraventricular tumor of lateral ventricle that had isosignal and high signal intensity with cortex on T1-and T2-weighted and proton density images, respectively. Serpiginous flow voids representing blood vessels in the tumor were seen an all pulse sequences.
Blood Vessels ; Diplopia ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Microscopy, Electron ; Neurocytoma* ; Neurologic Examination ; Neurons ; Neurosurgery ; Papilledema ; Paresis ; Protons ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Humans ; Lung, Hyperlucent*

Sebaceous hyperplasia usually presents as solitary or multiple, small, yellowish papules on the face, particularly on the forehead. It occurs most commonly in middle-aged individuals and rarely in early adult life. It has also been reported in the vulva, penis, and areola. Histological examination reveals a single greatly enlarged sebaceous gland composed of numerous lobules grouped around a centrally located, wide sebaceous duct. We report a case of a 26-year-old man with sebaceous hyperplasia in the ventral surface of the distal penile shaft, an unusual site.
Adult ; Forehead ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Male ; Penis ; Sebaceous Glands ; Vulva

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is defined as any malignant tumor arising from or differentiating toward the cells of the peripheral nerve sheath. MPNST accounts for about 5-10% of all soft tissue tumors and is often associated with neurofibromatosis type I (NF-1, von Recklinghausen's disease). It is one of the malignant tumors associated with von Recklinghausen's disease. Its common site is the lower and upper extremities, trunk, head and neck. But intrathoracic manifestations are very rare. We report a case of a 40 year-old man with multiple neurofibromatosis who was presented with an intrathoracic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
Adult ; Case Report ; Diaphragm/pathology ; Human ; Lung/pathology ; Male ; Nerve Sheath Tumors/complications/diagnosis/*pathology ; Neurofibromatosis 1/complications/diagnosis/*pathology ; Prognosis ; Severity of Illness Index ; Thoracic Neoplasms/complications/diagnosis/*pathology

OBJECTIVES: This study describes a plan that was designed to prevent a measles outbreak that showed a changed outbreak pattern. This study is based on the epidemiological investigation of a measles outbreak in a preschool in Incheon, Korea, 2006. METHODS: The subjects were 152 students at a preschool where a measles outbreak occurred. A questionnaire survey was conducted and serological testing for measlesspecific IgM was preformed. RESULTS: Of the fifteen confirmed, identified cases, eleven patients had been vaccinated with one dose, one patient had received two doses and three patients were unvaccinated. The three unvaccinated cases consisted of one 5-year-old child, one 3-year-old child and one 16-month-old infant. For the cases with one dose of the vaccination, there were 11 cases, which consisted of six 5-year-old children, two 4-year-old children, two 3-year-old children and one 2-year-old child. The case with two doses of the vaccination was one 4-year-old child. The attack rate of measles was 100% in the 0-dose group, 11.2% in the 1-dose group and 2.0% in the 2-dose group. The vaccine's efficacy was 88.8% in the 1-dose group and 98.0% in the 2-dose group. The vaccine effectiveness for the 2-dose group was higher than that of the 1-dose group. CONCLUSIONS: High coverage with a 2-dose vaccination should be maintained, and the vaccination should be given at the suitable time to prevent a measles outbreak with a changed outbreak pattern.
Child, Preschool ; *Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Humans ; Immunization Programs ; Korea ; Measles/*epidemiology/immunology/*prevention & control/virology ; Measles Vaccine/*administration & dosage ; Preventive Medicine ; Questionnaires

PURPOSE: After intubation, it is recommended that, to sustain airway patency, about 10ml of air be infused to seal the airway and to prevent complications. At this step, sustaining a proper pressure level (18~24 mmHg) is most important because excessive pressure can cause diverse complications. We carried out a series of investigations to find a way to sustain a constant pressure level. METHODS: We gathered the cases of intubated patients for 6 randomly selected days during 2003 at HanGang Sacred Heart Hospital. Included were cases from emergency room, the intensive care unit, and the operating rooms; 30 cases were enrolled for this investigation. We used a cuff pressure control REF 701 (Tracoe(r), Mainz, Germany) to trace the cuff pressure. First, we measured the amount of air that was infused into the cuff and the cuff pressure. Then, we measured the amount of air after a proper level of cuff pressure had been achieved. RESULTS: We have found that out of the 30 cases investigated the recommended pressure level was maintained in 4 cases. The average cuff pressure was 40.9 mmHg with 10.2 cc of air and 69.0 mmHg, the largest value, was reported in one case. However, when recommended pressure level was maintained (18 mmHg), the average amount of air was reduced to 7.9 cc. CONCLUSION: The results reveal that it may not be possible to sustain the recommended pressure level by "infusing about 10 ml of air,"and that may cause complications.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; Heart ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Intubation ; Operating Rooms