This epidemiological survy on cerebro-cardiovascular diseases was performed in 965 inhabitants ranging in age from 40 to 79 at a farming community in the northeastern part of Saitama prefecture.
Used in the present study are data concerning the following: age, the degree of obesity, skinfold thickness, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and trigryceride. The results are summarized as follows:
1) The mean value of systolic blood pressure increased linearly with advancing age for men and women.
2) The simple correlation analysis disclosed that systolic blood pressure was positively correlated to age, the degree of obesity, skinfold thickness, diastolic blood pressure and triglyceride level for men. In females, systolic blood pressure was positively correlated to age, the degree of obesity, skinfold thickeness, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglyceride level.
3) Principal component analysis was made on men and women. Worthy of note is the fact that the principal component analysis of data showed a different pattern between men and women.
4) Multiple regression analysis was also carried out, taking blood pressure level as dependent variables, and age, the degree of obesity, stinfold thickness, total cholesterol and trigryceride level as indepenndent variables. As a result, it was found that systolic blood pressure levels have asignificant correlation to age, the degree of obesity and triglyceride, in men. In females, age and the degree of obesity were positively related to systolic blood pressure.
Diastolic blood pressure levels showed a significantly positive correlation to the degree of obesity and triglyceride level for men. In femrales, the degree of obesity and total cholesterol were shown to be significantly related to diastolic blood pressue.

A mass health examination for Cerebro-cardiovascular disease was conducted on inhabitants of a farming village in the northeastern part of Saitama Prefecture. Used in the present study are data concerning the following: age, obesity, skinfold thickness, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, total protein, GOT, and GPT.
These variables were analyzed for use in comprehensively assessing the results of the examina tion for cerebro-cardiovascular disease in the rural community.
Worthy of note is the fact that the principal component analysis of data showed a different pattern between man and woman.
The relations of HDL-cholesterol values to some of the other measurements were also studied by multiple regression analysis, in which HDL-cholesterol levels were given as dependent variable, and age, obesity, skinfold thickness, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, lesterol, and triglyceride values as independent variables. As a result, it was found that HDL-cholesterol levels have significantly negative corelations to the skinfold thickness in men and triglyceride values in women. Besides, total cholesterol levels showed significantly positive correlations both in men and women.

Three cases of lipomas associated with heavy talc deposits are reported in local inhabitants near a fiber glass factory. Pathologic and mineralogical analysis by polarizing microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction of mass were done. Simultaneously, we performed an epidemiological survey and a mineralogical study of disposed fiber glass from waste site and ground water. All tumors consisted of mature fat tissue containing an abundant birefringent talc fibers and particles under polarized light. The concentrations of the fibers were 494.7, 6.7 and 50.7 million fibers per gram of dry tissue. The fibers were needlelike with rectangular fractured ends, up to 17 micrometer in length and 0.5 micrometer in diameter. EDX and X-ray diffraction analysis of the fibers showed that 71 to 100% of the fibers were magnesium silicate, talc. We also identified magnesium silicate fibers in the fiber glass from the waste site and in the ground water which were similar to talc fibers in lipomas,. We concluded that fibrous talc, a component of fiberglass waste, might be associated with the development of lipomas via unknown exposure route.
Environmental Exposure ; Foreign Bodies ; Glass ; Groundwater ; Lipoma* ; Magnesium ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated ; Silicates ; Talc* ; X-Ray Diffraction

Evidence suggests that sports activity can induce site-specific changes in bone mineral content (BMC) in athletes. Therefore, the first purpose of this study was to create a standard value for BMC (SV_BMC) that is independent of body size and physical exercise effect. The second purpose was to examine usefulness for the SV_BMC. In creating the SV_BMC, we recruited non-customer subjects who engaged in regular exercise but did not have site-specific changes to their bony structure. We studied 285 females (34.0±6.5 years) that were currently active, free from hormone treatment, and were not taking medication for any condition. Furthermore, all female subjects reported having a normal menstrual cycle. Bone area (BA), BMC and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorption. Measurements of almost the complete skeleton, with the exception of the head, were taken (herein referred to as sub-total). This included scans of the entire spinal column, all 12 ribs, pelvis, full legs and arms. An allometry formula that relates BMC and BA was applied to determine the SV_BMC. To exclude the effect of body size, calculations were determined using the perpendicular distance from the data of each individual to that determined by allometry regression. Finally, the mean and standard deviation of the distance were converted into T-scores. In examination of reliability for the SV_BMC, we calculated the SV_BMC for three customer females who engaged in regular exercise. We found a significantly positive relationship between SV_BMC and weight/BMI. This correlation was weaker than the relationship between SV_BMC and BMC, as expected, or the relationship between SV_BMC and aBMD, with the exception of SV_BMC in the pelvis. In conclusion, this study suggests that SV_BMC is less affected by body size than by BMC or aBMD and the SV_BMC was provided highly useful in case study.

In the studies of physical motion analysis the multiple photographic method with a stroboscope or the fast motion picture which has been used, are not sufficient to pursue a motion of some kinds of sports and of some hidden physical spot only from one direction and difficult to synchronize picture obtaind from three direction.
To make use of electrical engineering from the points of Physiology and Kinesiology, it is worthy of pursuing a physical motion on three dimensions, up & down, right & left and before & behind at once, and furthermore, physiological phenomena in electrocardiogram and electromyogram with connection to the above analyzer.
For that purpose a physical locomotion pursuit analyzer (SN-type, refered to PLPA later on) was devised.
The present devised analyzer is composed of a three dimensions-accelerometor in a gyroscope, a preamplifier, a integration amplifier and a pen-writing recorder.
As already known in the principle of physics, velocity can be obtained by single integration of acceleration rate and displacement by double integration of a acceleration rate.
In above the PLPA, therefore, acceleration rate, velocity and displacement, each of three dimensions can be determined. Capacity of the present analyzer was as follows; Frequency rate : 1.5-20.0 HZ (Static accelerated component under 1.5 HZ was cut by differentiation circuit of DC-cut), time constant of electrical integration circuit : about 0.2sec.
In the present report the outline of PLPA and some data of our experiments obtained by use of it were dealt.
The problems of the telemetering system of this analyzer and digital exhibition by connection to computer require further study.

OBJECTIVES: To obtain reference values for the pulmonary asbestos and non-asbestos fiber contents of residents in Korea and to compare them with similar results from Japan. METHODS: The autopsied lung specimens from 22 deceased people (20 males and 2 females) in Pohang, without any known occupational history of asbestos exposure, were analyzed for incidence of asbestos and non-asbestos fibers by transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis after using low temperature ashing procedures. RESULTS: Chrysotile fiber (46.2%) was the major fiber type found in the lungs of the subjects. The asbestos fiber concentrations found in males and females were 0.09x106 fibers/(g of dry lungs) and 0.30x106 fibers/(g of dry lungs), respectively, showing a geometric mean concentration 0.09x106 fibers/(g of dry lung tissue), due to the predominance of males in the sample. The non-asbestos fiber contents in males and females were 4.61x106 fibers/(g of dry lungs) and 17.79x106 fibers/(g of dry lungs), respectively, with a geometric mean concentration 5.21x106 fibers/(g of dry lung tissue). CONCLUSIONS: Residents in Pohang had significantly lower levels of both asbestos and non-asbestos fibers than urban residents in Korea. Furthermore, Koreans had significantly lower levels of both asbestos and non-asbestos fibers than Japanese.
Asbestos* ; Asbestos, Serpentine ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Japan ; Korea ; Lung* ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Reference Values

Japanese medical graduates are recommended to receive clinical training for more than two years after graduation, because undergraduate clinical training is insuffiicient.
In 1976 the committee of postgraduate clinical training proposed the objectives of basic clinical training after graduation of medical schoool and in 1981 the committee proposed the objectives for the first postgraduate year of training and the methods of clinical skill assessment.
We here present the revised objectives of basic clinical training after graduation of medical school.
It is emphasized that clinical trainees should have basic clinical skills of primary and emergency care during the two year training.
These clinical skills include interviewing techniques, skills in physical examination and interpretation of physical findings, laboratory skills, skills relating to diagnosis and managements, communication skills to other doctors and to other medical co-workers and terminal care.

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between exposure to glass fiber waste from an insulator factory and the development of cluster of lipomas among local residents in suburb Incheon, Korea. Authors surveyed 152 residents(71 males and 81 females) living near an insulator factory with a questionnaire and physical examination. Unused and disposed fiberglass from the waste site, along with ground water samples were examined under light and polarizing microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Subcutaneous tumors excised from three of the residents were also examined under light and polarizing microscope, SEM with energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDX), and transmission electron microscope(TEM). Analysis of elemental composition of the fibers and fiber concentration was done by with EDX under SEM and TEM after low temperature ashing. Twelve(7.9%) had subcutaneous tumors among the 152 residents. Tumors were surgically excised from 3 of them and they were all lipomas, consisting of mature fat tissue. These lipomas contained abundant birefringent fibers and particles under polarizing microscope. The concentrations of the fibers were 6.7, 71.8 and 499.2 million fibers per gram dry tissue, respectively. The birefringent fibers were composed of needle shaped particles with rectangular fractured ends up to 17 micrometer in length and 0.5 micrometer in diameter. EDX and x-ray diffraction analysis of the fibers showed that 71 to 100% of the fibers were magnesium silicate, talc. Magnesium silicate fibers were also found in the glass fiber sampled from the waste site. Glass fibers and magnesium silicate fibers were also identified in the ground water. Based on the fact that the magnesium silicate fibers found in the lipomas were similar in morphology and elemental composition to those found in the ground water and those from the waste site, these particles are likely to be introduced into the gastrointestinal tract through consumption of the contaminated ground water. It is suggested that fibrous magnesium silicate, talc, a component of fiberglass waste, may be associated with the development of lipomas.
Environmental Exposure ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Glass* ; Groundwater ; Humans ; Incheon ; Korea ; Lipoma* ; Magnesium ; Male ; Needles ; Physical Examination ; Silicates ; Talc ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In 1991, the committee on postgraduate clinical training proposed revised behavioral objectives for basic clinical training in the initial two years. We present here a model for a clinical training program that should enable most residents to attain these objectives within two years.
The program begins with orientation for 1-2 weeks, including a workshop on team care, and nursing practice.
Basic clinical skills for primary care and emergency managements should be learned by experience during rotations through various clinical specialities. All staff members, even senior residents, should participate in teaching beginning residents in hospitals.