PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral macular holes in a patient with bilateral macular telangiectasia (Mac Tel). CASE SUMMARY: A 61-year-old male presented with decreased central vision in both eyes. His best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.8 in the right eye and 0.6 in the left eye. On fundoscopy, fluorescein angiography (FAG), and optical coherence tomography (OCT), he was diagnosed with Mac Tel type 2 combined with stage 1A of the right eye and stage 1B impending macular hole in the left eye. Two years and 8 months later, the BCVA of both eyes was unchanged. On fundoscopy, FAG and OCT, there were no definitive changes in both eyes. The patient was observed without treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with Mac Tel type 2 may be predisposed to the development of a macular hole.
Eye ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Perforations ; Telangiectasis ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To report multimodality diagnostic imaging in a case of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy. CASE SUMMARY: A 32-year-old woman with reduced vision in the right eye had experienced fatigue and flu-like symptoms, including sore throat and fever a few days before. Her best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.0 in the right eye. There were no cells in the anterior chamber and vitreous. Fundus photographs of the right eye on presentation showed gray-white thickening of the fovea and retinal hemorrhage next to the fovea. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated ring-shaped mottled hyperfluorescence in the early phase and dye pooling in the late phase. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed abnormal hyper-reflective thickening at the level of the outer retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and detachment of the neurosensory retina in the foveal lesion. The inner segment/outer segment junction and photoreceptor elevation/disruption was noted. Nineteen months after onset, the BCVA of the right eye was 1.0 and fundus photographs showed increased retinal pigment hyperplasia, and residual RPE changes resembling a bull's eye maculopathy. The OCT of the right macula showed that the inner segment/outer segment junction elevation/disruption almost completely regressed. The patient was diagnosed with unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: We report a typical case with flu-like symptoms of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy. It is a very rare macular disease and a case such as ours with long-term follow-up using multimodality diagnostic imaging has not been previously reported.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; Choroidal Neovascularization ; Diagnostic Imaging* ; Fatigue ; Female ; Fever ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Pharyngitis ; Retina ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinaldehyde ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Vision, Low ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab

Purpose: To report a case of peripapillary subretinal hemorrhage and vitreous hemorrhage after riding a roller coaster.Case summary: A 15-year-old female visited our clinic complaining of blurred vision in her left eye after repetitive roller coaster riding. The initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.0 (right eye) and 0.4 (left eye). The light reflex, relative afferent pupillary defect, and intraocular pressure were within the normal range. On fundus examination, the patient was found to have a peripapillary subretinal hemorrhage, subhyaloid hemorrhage, and vitreous hemorrhage in her left eye. The BCVA of her left eye improved to 1.0 from 0.4 without any treatment after 2 weeks. The peripapillary subretinal hemorrhage and vitreous hemorrhage were completely absorbed after 7 months. Conclusions In the case of unexplained retinal hemorrhage in healthy patients without other retinal or systemic diseases, a detailed medical history should be collected to determine the possibility of disorders related to damages from riding a roller coaster.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the right or left knee lift during push up plus in the quadruped position on the serratus anterior (SA) muscle activity. Methods: Twenty-one subjects (male 11, female 10) performed the quadruped position on push up plus. The muscle activities of the lower trapezius (LT), SA, and upper trapezius (UT) were measured by surface electromyography. Repeated measurements of one-way ANOVA were performed for statistical analysis of the data, and the criterion for statistical significance was set to p<0.05 and comparative analysis of the UT and SA ratio using a Paired t-test. Results: The right SA increased the muscle activity of the right knee lift during quadruped position push up plus (p<0.05). In particular, the right SA muscle activity was higher than the left. In addition, comparative analysis of the UT and SA ratio to the right knee lift during quadruped position push up plus was performed (p<0.05). The right was found to be a significant statistic compared to the left, but the left SA increased the muscle activity of the left knee lift during quadruped position push up plus (p<0.05). The left SA muscle activity was higher than right. In addition, comparative analysis of UT and SA ratio to the left knee lift during quadruped position push up plus was performed (p<0.05). The left was found to be a significance statistic than the right. In addition, the interaction effect between the groups showed significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion Knee lift during push up plus is recommended for the selective activation of a research exercise protocol of one side of the serratus anterior.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the right or left knee lift during push up plus in the quadruped position on the serratus anterior (SA) muscle activity. Methods: Twenty-one subjects (male 11, female 10) performed the quadruped position on push up plus. The muscle activities of the lower trapezius (LT), SA, and upper trapezius (UT) were measured by surface electromyography. Repeated measurements of one-way ANOVA were performed for statistical analysis of the data, and the criterion for statistical significance was set to p<0.05 and comparative analysis of the UT and SA ratio using a Paired t-test. Results: The right SA increased the muscle activity of the right knee lift during quadruped position push up plus (p<0.05). In particular, the right SA muscle activity was higher than the left. In addition, comparative analysis of the UT and SA ratio to the right knee lift during quadruped position push up plus was performed (p<0.05). The right was found to be a significant statistic compared to the left, but the left SA increased the muscle activity of the left knee lift during quadruped position push up plus (p<0.05). The left SA muscle activity was higher than right. In addition, comparative analysis of UT and SA ratio to the left knee lift during quadruped position push up plus was performed (p<0.05). The left was found to be a significance statistic than the right. In addition, the interaction effect between the groups showed significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion Knee lift during push up plus is recommended for the selective activation of a research exercise protocol of one side of the serratus anterior.

No abstract available.
Bile Duct Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*diagnosis/radiography/therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Cholangiocarcinoma/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratin-7/metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death, and adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic subtype. MicroRNA is a small non-coding RNA that inhibits multiple target gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and is commonly dysregulated in malignant tumors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of microRNA-374a (miR-374a) in lung adenocarcinoma and correlate its expression with various clinicopathological characteristics.METHODS: The expression level of miR-374a was measured in 111 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung adenocarcinoma tissues using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. The correlation between miR-374a expression and clinicopathological parameters, including clinical outcome, was further analyzed.RESULTS: High miR-374 expression was correlated with advanced pT category (chi-square test, p=.004) and pleural invasion (chi-square test, p=.034). Survival analysis revealed that patients with high miR-374a expression had significantly shorter disease-free survival relative to those with low miR-374a expression (log-rank test, p=.032).CONCLUSIONS: miR-374a expression may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for predicting recurrence in early stage lung adenocarcinoma after curative surgery.
Adenocarcinoma ; Disease-Free Survival ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung ; MicroRNAs ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recurrence ; RNA, Small Untranslated

PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlation between hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels and the process of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: Fourteen patients who had undergone vitrectomy were included in the study. Eight were diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and six were non-diabetic controls. Vitreous and serum HGF was identified by Western blot analysis and then the level of HGF was measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Western blot analysis confirmed 69kD polypeptide of HGF in vitreous and in serum of all 14 patients. Intravitreal concentrations of HGF was higher in PDR patients than in non-diabetic patients (p<0.01). However no significant differences was found between two groups regarding serum concentrations of HGF (p>0.05). While PDR patients did not show any correlation between the serum and the vitreous levels of HGF, control subjects showed a statistical significance (correlation coefficient=0.829; p=0.042). The ratio of serum HGF to vitreous HGF concentration was remarkably higher in PDR patients than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our result showed that increased concentration of HGF in vitreous seemed to be directly involved in the pathogenesis of PDR. Therefore vitreous level of HGF could be utilized as an indicator of the progression of PDR.
Blotting, Western ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor* ; Hepatocytes* ; Humans ; Vitrectomy

No abstract available.
Chest Pain ; Crohn Disease ; Thorax

Purpose: Mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) is a proto-oncogene that encodes a heterodimerictransmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase for the hepatocyte growth factor. Aberrant METsignaling has been described in several solid tumors—especially non-small cell lung cancer—and is associated with tumor progression and adverse prognosis. As MET is a potentialtherapeutic target, information regarding its prevalence and clinicopathological relevanceis crucial. Materials and Methods: We investigated MET expression and gene amplification in 113 gallbladder cancers usingtissue microarray. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate MET overexpression, andsilver/fluorescence in situ hybridization (ISH) was used to assess gene copy number. Results: MET overexpression was found in 37 cases of gallbladder carcinoma (39.8%), and geneamplification was present in 17 cases (18.3%). MET protein expression did not correlatewith MET amplification. MET amplification was significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathologicalfeatures, including high histological grade, advanced pT category, lymphnode metastasis, and advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer stage. There was nosignificant correlation between any clinicopathological factors and MET overexpression. Nodifference in survival was found with respect to MET overexpression and amplification status. Conclusion Our data suggested that MET might be a potential therapeutic target for targeted therapyin gallbladder cancer, because MET amplification was found in a subset of tumors associatedwith adverse prognostic factors. Detection of MET amplification by ISH might be a usefulpredictive biomarker test for anti-MET therapy.