In a year, from the beginning of my clinic on July 1972 until June 1973, 1, 110 patients have visited; 628 were male and 482 were female.Males showed the tendency to retain hospital visit in spring and autumn when they are busy with farming.Out of 1, 110 patients 71 were refered from doctors outside of the hospital, 346 were from other clinics in the hospital.
Diseases were classified following the International Classification of Disease.Simple cystitis, benign prostatic hypertrophy and upper urinary tract calculi were most frequent.
Their, and also doctors who concerned, misunderstanding and ignorance of recent progress in urological management stimulated me to survey my experience and explain modern trends in the field.Urinary tract tuberculosis were sometimes considered as nonspecific chronic cystitis;ureteral stones were not recognized on x-ray film;postrenal uremic state were confused with renal parenchymal failure. The value of pyelolithotomy in situ and transurethral resection were also stressed.

Preceding reports suggested many asymptomatic hepatitis B virus infection.To ascertain the conclusion sera from patients were studied for half a year.
Three acute hepatitis and 19 asymptomatic infection had occurred among hospitalized patients without apparent chance of exposion.Asymptomatic infection means antigenemia without subjective complaints and biochemical changes.One of them became an antigen carrier and others were transient positives.
The study revealed naturally occurred 9 apparent hepatitis and 26 infections without apparent liver involvement. Most of them were quite symptomless, however, some of them complained malaise, fever, diarrhea, exanthema, itching and/or arthralgia.They showed normal serum GOT value expect one personel and recovered completely.Only one case carried the antigen persistently.
These results support the view.There are frequent chances of the virus infection in this rural area. Most of them recover with no trouble.The rate of aproximately 20%who keep the antibody in the population can be now understood.The ratio of asymptomatic infection to apparent hepatitis may over 6 mals.Some of them become carrier of the antigen.Familial defect in allowance may result the clustering of the antigen carrier in a family.

The purpose of the present report is to describe experiences during the second year of the outpatient clinic. New 1229 patients visited a year.
Cystitis, benign prostatic hypertrophy and upper urinary tract stone were three major diseases. Stones were, however, encountered less frequently as compared with the urban areas. Acute cystitis often developed in females after they had planted rice in paddy fields. They used to continue the work even in rain, and no places suitable for urination are available in the field.
General practitioners do not clarify the differential diagnosis of urinary tract infection and of hematuria. Cystitis is the diagnosis; antibiotics is the treatment. Neoplasm, therefore, becomes unresectable, tuberculosis causes contracted bladder, and stone deteriolates the kidney function.

Two-hundred and eighty-two consecutive transurethral resections were reviewed. No postoperative death occurred. Transfusion was unnessesary. The largest prostate needed 69minutes and the resected tissues weighed 92gm. Uncomplicated cases were discharged after a week's hospital stay. Prostatic hypertrophy and related conditions are common among farmers. Transurethral resection is safe and beneficial to them.

It is the purpose of this manuscript to demonstrate the suppressive effect of methyl phosphates on germinal tissue with a score method.
The phosphates were orally given to monkeys and rabbits for12to27weeks with no evident weight loss. The suppressive effect was shown as the decreased germ cell score count.

Fourteen cases of active urinary tract tuberculosis out of5510patients were reported. Four had a previous genitourinary tuberculous infection. There were ten patients presented with bladder symptoms. Most of the cases were treated over months as non-specific urinary tract infection before they visited our clinic. Delay in diagnosis results in the loss of the kidney and bladder.

The management of the urethral injury which does not pass a catheter is difficult. As the results of primary reconstruction are unsatisfactory, I prefer suprapubic trocar cystostomy for the first stage. For two of three cases treated with this principle no further surgical procedure was necessary.

Twenty-five hepatitis B antigen positive individuals, found from the survey study on 1, 984 rural populations, were followed.On repeated examinations, 16 consistently carried the antigen, 7 changed to negative. The remaining one was the wife of a carrier and changed to show antibody.
Transaminases were within normal limits in all cases.
Hepatitis B virus is spreading unrecognisedly in general population and overt hepatitis is rather of exceptional case.
The mechanism by which liver cirrhosis developes on carriers is the question open to future.

The pollution of our environment by a variety of mutagenic agents has been at issue in the last few years. The herbicide 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4, 5-T) has turned out to be a potent mutagenic agent. Therefore, we evaluated the cytogenetic effect of this compound on the human leukocyte in vitro. Chromatid aberrations were observed and it was found that their incidence increases in proportion to a rise in dose.
It has been claimed that the teratogenic effects of 2, 4, 5-T may be attributed to the presence of 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorobenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin) as an impurity. The compound used in our study contained 0.09μg/g of dioxin. Although the level of contamination is low, the possible roleof dioxin cannot be ruled out. Nevertheless, the fact remains that the mutagenic effects of the compound now available are undeniable.

Hepatitis B antigen and antibody were examined on 1, 984 adults in a village;for antigen with immune adherence hemagglutination method and for antibody with passive hemagglutionation method. Antigen were detected for 25 and antibody for 398 sera.The prevalence of 1.3 per cent for the antigen with this method is lower than that suspected from blood donors in Tokyo. Higher frequency was found in male, and in youth.In elderly persons, however, rather high prevalence was found than suspected before.