Nosocomial pneumonia is a leading type of respiratory infection among hospital-acquired infections. Despite the introductions of new antibiotics, nosocomial pneumonia is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Among 80 patients aged more than 60 years old with nosocomial pneumonia, 17 patients (21.3%) received initial adequate therapies, 63 patients (78.7%) received initial inadequate therapies. Nosocomial pneumonia is often difficult to treat because of multi-resistant bacteria. Initially adequate antibiotic regimens are major prognostic factor for patients with nosocomial pneumonia. 3rd generation cephalosporines and fluoroquinolones aren’t effective. Imipenem, Timentin, Tazoncin, Cepfepim plus Amikacin and Vancomicin (if suspected bacterium is S. aureus) can be initial effective antibiotics
pneumonia

An prospective study was carried out on 101 patients over 60 years of age with pneumonia at Thong Nhat hospital from January 2004 to June 2005. The result showed that: 87.1% of pneumonia caused by negative-gram aerobes, among which P.aeruginosa accounted for 55.4%, K. pneumonia 55.4%, Acinetobacter 14.9%. 15.8% of pneumonia caused by positive-gram aerobes. Negative-gram aerobes were resistant strongly to third generation cephalosporin and fluoroquinolones, only sensitive to imipenem. S.aureus was resistant to oxacillin (87.5%) and sensitive to vancomicin
Pneumonia ; Bacteria ; Adult

Nucleotide analysis of restricted fragment DNA extremities at definite cut sizes identified: there were 3 extremities: flat; cross with DNA 5’; cross with DNA 5’. This study presented a method which able to characterize unknown restriction enzymes by analyzing the cutting extremities of restricted fragments. The method is based on Sanger sequencing of DNA around the cut site and non-radioactive chemical. Klenow reaction had two active characters: analyzing DNA 5’3’ and exonucleasa 3’5’, allowing to determine the type of cutting of restrictive enzymes. This results allowed to identify the cut sizes of two new enzymes: for Sml1, the cut sites occurs within the recognition nucleotide sequence; BciVI recognizing a non-palindrome sequence and cuts outside this sequence.
DNA ; Nucleotides ; analysis ; extremities ; Enzymes

This cross-sectional study involved 339 students aged 12-15 at 2 boarding schools in Sapa and Yen Binh, determined height, weight, and BMI. Results: there weren’t significant differences between the weights (Sapa’s students: 34.38 kg, and Yen Binh’s students: 33.31 kg), and the average heights of students in 2 regions (p>0.05); but BMI of Sapa’s students is higher than Yen Binh’s students (17.04 vs 16.38, p<0.05)
Indicators and Reagents ; Preventive Medicine ; Public Health

This cross-sectional study involved 339 students aged 12-15 at Sapa and Yen Binh regions. It measured and compared indexes such as vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1), and Tiffeneau index. Results: there weren’t significant differences between VC, FEV1 and Tiffeneau indexes of students in both sexes of 2 regions (p<0.05). There is a close correlation between VC and height of student (r>0.9), and between FEV1 and height (r>0.9)
Preventive Medicine ; Public Health ; Alkalosis, Respiratory

Intersect description and processing data according to medicine statistics on 30 patients from 12/2003 to 9/2004 at Thong Nhat hospital. Result show that: Making pneumonia bacteria at Thong Nhat hospital are major bacillus (-), pseudomonas aeruginosa (83,3%), Klebsiella pneumonia (43,3%), Staphylococcus aureus (16,7%), Acinetobacter (6,7%). The bacteria is strong resistance to large spectrum antibiotic. There are 4 species of Psedomomas aeruginosa and 1 of Klebsiella pneumonia resist to all antibiotic newly used. Pathogenic multibactera is 60%.
Bacteria ; Pneumonia ; Epidemiology

A prospective study on 80 patients over 60 years old who were diagnosed hospital pneumonia at Thong Nhat hospital from December 2003 to April 2005. Results: hospital pneumonia by multi-bacteria was 55%. The common bacteria were K.pneumonia (56.25%); P.aeruginosa (55.0%); Acinetobacter (18.75%) and S.aureus (15%). The resistance level of bacteria caused hospital pneumonia: P.aeruginosa resisted most of antibiotics except Imipenem and Timentin (recently used in hospitals) with sensitive rate of 66.13% and 65%, respectively. K.pneumonia was sensitive only with Imipenem at the rate of 96.55%, Amikacin 66.91%. S.aureus resisted penicilin and most of other antibiotics; it was sensitive only with vancomicin at the rate of 100%. In relapsing or unsuccessful patients, the resistance of bacteria was stronger than the first time isolation.
Pneumonia, Bacterial ; Drug Resistance ; Therapeutics

In this study, 80 hospital acquired pneumonia patients ≥60 years old (59 males, 21 females) were treated in Thong Nhat Hospital of HCM city from December 2003 to April 2005. The results: mortality rate of hospital acquired pneumonia in the elderly patients was high, accounted for 43.75%. Invasive mechanical ventilation, long-term endotracheal intubations, endotracheal reintubation increased risk of death. Multi-organ failure, liver failure, kidney failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, shock, unconsciousness and diabetes increased fatal risk of disease. Serious prognostic factor included: no regress of fever, increase of leukocyte after 10 days of treatment, no improvement of PaO2/FiO2 ratio after 3 days of treatment.
Pneumonia ; Adult ; Clinical Medicine

A study was performed to identify a high activity restriction enzyme recognizing 5’-GCGC-3’. Isoschizomer Hhal is a endonucleaza, which has been found in a bacteria isolated from a soil sample picked up in Nghean province. This enzyme has a similar activity with Hha l but it is a other protein of other host bacteria, therefore, it is temporary called a isoschizomer of Hhal. About the enzyme’s specific, Hhal cleaves 5 standard DNA molecules at 384 sites, in which 215 sites at DNA , 103 sites at DNA T7, 18 sites at x174, 31 sites at pBR 322 and 17 sites at pUC 19. Isoschizomer Hhal with high activity, stable met the need of users and laboratory of Vietnam.
Enzymes ; Bacteria

A rapid agglutination – inhibition test was realized with hCG-coated sheep erythrocytes and rabbit antibodies to hCG. Determined amount of hCG on the red blood cells and titrated concentration of antibodies allowed the test to be sensitive at 200 UI/l for confirmation of pregnancy at 2-3 weeks (0-5 days following the first missed period). 3.000 tests were implemented in Nha Trang Pasteur Institute and Hanoi Newborn & Mother Protection Hospital showed that confident rate was 99%. The test was then used for diagnosing the urines of women just before their abortion. The results indicated that more than 11% of these women, at less than 15 days following the first their abortion, were not pregnant and should avoid abortion.
Pregnancy Tests ; Early Diagnosis