The author investigated the allergic contact dermatitis patients which visited our out-patient skin dispensary during 1969 and 1970. The patients were evaluated arcording to age, sex and cause of the disease. Furthermore, the patients were analysed as to the causative allergic contact factors by clinical inspection and history. The causes were confirmed by the patch test which was done on 88 of the allergic contact dermatitis patients. It is believed that patch test is clinically a most reliable procedure for the determination of responsible antigenic substance in allergic contact dermatitis and the positive reactions may be labelled as latent or potential hypersensitivity(Hjorth et al, 1968; Maibach, 1965). There is a group of chemicals used on the so-called routine screening patch test tray, which have proved to be frcquent causes of allergic contact dermatitis. Many diagnostic groups of chemicals and therapeutic trays, shoe trays, metal trays, etc., in addition to the standard routine screening patch test tray are used. Certain allergens seem to cause dermatitis in all countries hut many sensitizers vary from one country to anothcr (Calnan, 1955), The author has tried to establish a standard routine screening patch test tray fitted to our country according to the basic consideration used with standard routine patch test trays of the Skin and Cancer Unit, New York University Hospital. Paraphenylene diamine, ammoniated mercury, mercury bichloride, formalin, crude coal tar, potassium dichromate and mercaptobenzothiazole were the most potent sensitizers. These chemicals must be included in our standard screening routine patch test tray. However, the patch test results and the present clinical dermatitis (i.e. cosmetic dermatitis and rubber or leather dermatitis) did not coincide. Further investigation for the establishment of a proper stanard patch test tray for Korea should be carried out.
Allergens ; Coal Tar ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Korea* ; Mass Screening ; Mercuric Chloride ; Outpatients ; Patch Tests ; Potassium Dichromate ; Rubber ; Shoes ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune hemolytic anemias are characterized by autoantibodies recognizing antigens on the Individual's own red blood cells, resulting in immune- mediated hemolysis. Blood transfusions have been regarded as hazardous in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) because of potential intensification of hemolysis and a presumed high incidence of alloimmunization. METHODS: We examined the pretransfusion and posttransfusion hemoglobin levels in 6 patients with autoantibodies in their sera, which showed panagglutinations with all bloods tested in the compatibility testing. They received 'least' incompatible blood because of inability to find compatible blood. RESULTS: When we compared pretransfusion hemoglobin level with posttransfusion hemoglobin level, in 5 of 6 patients with AIHA, the hemoglobin levels were increased after red cell transfusion. 4 patient who did not respond to transfusion therapy initially had an increase in hemoglobin level after steroid treatment. Any signs or symptoms indicating hemolytic transfusion reaction were not observed ducting the transfusion period in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: The decision to transfuse in AIHA should consider multiple factors including the patient's clinical status, the potential benefit of transfusion, the potential response to other therapeutic modalities, but must never be regarded as contraindicated, even though the compatibility test may be strongly incompatible.
Anemia, Hemolytic* ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; Autoantibodies ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythrocyte Transfusion* ; Erythrocytes* ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Incidence

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune hemolytic anemias are characterized by autoantibodies recognizing antigens on the Individual's own red blood cells, resulting in immune- mediated hemolysis. Blood transfusions have been regarded as hazardous in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) because of potential intensification of hemolysis and a presumed high incidence of alloimmunization. METHODS: We examined the pretransfusion and posttransfusion hemoglobin levels in 6 patients with autoantibodies in their sera, which showed panagglutinations with all bloods tested in the compatibility testing. They received 'least' incompatible blood because of inability to find compatible blood. RESULTS: When we compared pretransfusion hemoglobin level with posttransfusion hemoglobin level, in 5 of 6 patients with AIHA, the hemoglobin levels were increased after red cell transfusion. 4 patient who did not respond to transfusion therapy initially had an increase in hemoglobin level after steroid treatment. Any signs or symptoms indicating hemolytic transfusion reaction were not observed ducting the transfusion period in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: The decision to transfuse in AIHA should consider multiple factors including the patient's clinical status, the potential benefit of transfusion, the potential response to other therapeutic modalities, but must never be regarded as contraindicated, even though the compatibility test may be strongly incompatible.
Anemia, Hemolytic* ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; Autoantibodies ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythrocyte Transfusion* ; Erythrocytes* ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Incidence

Among the causes of pure red cell aplasia, human parvovirus B19 has been shown to be cytotoxic to erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow associated with chronic hemolytic anemia with rapidly dividing erythroids and persistently to be suppression of erythropoiesis in immunocompromised individuals related with failure to produce neutralizing antibody to the virus. In a patient with hereditary spherocytosis presenting acute onset of reticulocytopenia during hospitalization, who had shown severe anemia and prodromal symptoms including fever, fatigue and dizziness, infection of parvovirus Bl9 was proven by the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to parvovirus Bl9, the detection of viral DNA using PCR technique in her serum and the decreased erythroid cells, especially late normoblasts in bone marrow, Also in the other who was diagnosed as hereditary elliptocytosis and complained of fever, headache, abdominal pain and diarrhea, an episode of reticulocytopenia and the nearly absence of late normoblasts in the bone marrow were observed. IgM antibodies to parvovirus Bl9 and the viral DNA were detected in her serum, too.
Abdominal Pain ; Anemia ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Bone Marrow ; Diarrhea ; Dizziness ; DNA, Viral ; Elliptocytosis, Hereditary* ; Erythroblasts ; Erythroid Cells ; Erythroid Precursor Cells ; Erythropoiesis ; Fatigue ; Fever ; Headache ; Hospitalization ; Humans* ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Parvovirus B19, Human ; Parvovirus* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prodromal Symptoms ; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure

Among the causes of pure red cell aplasia, human parvovirus B19 has been shown to be cytotoxic to erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow associated with chronic hemolytic anemia with rapidly dividing erythroids and persistently to be suppression of erythropoiesis in immunocompromised individuals related with failure to produce neutralizing antibody to the virus. In a patient with hereditary spherocytosis presenting acute onset of reticulocytopenia during hospitalization, who had shown severe anemia and prodromal symptoms including fever, fatigue and dizziness, infection of parvovirus Bl9 was proven by the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to parvovirus Bl9, the detection of viral DNA using PCR technique in her serum and the decreased erythroid cells, especially late normoblasts in bone marrow, Also in the other who was diagnosed as hereditary elliptocytosis and complained of fever, headache, abdominal pain and diarrhea, an episode of reticulocytopenia and the nearly absence of late normoblasts in the bone marrow were observed. IgM antibodies to parvovirus Bl9 and the viral DNA were detected in her serum, too.
Abdominal Pain ; Anemia ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Bone Marrow ; Diarrhea ; Dizziness ; DNA, Viral ; Elliptocytosis, Hereditary* ; Erythroblasts ; Erythroid Cells ; Erythroid Precursor Cells ; Erythropoiesis ; Fatigue ; Fever ; Headache ; Hospitalization ; Humans* ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Parvovirus B19, Human ; Parvovirus* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prodromal Symptoms ; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure

No abstract available.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium*

PURPOSE: We report on a novel method and outcomes of laparoscopic gastric tubing with pyloromyotomy. METHODS: The abdominal procedure includes laparoscopic gastric mobilization, celiac axis lymph node dissection, formation of the gastric tube, and pyloromyotomy. Between January 2009 and April 2013, our minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) was performed on 54 patients with esophageal cancer. The short-term outcomes, including postoperative complications, were analyzed. RESULTS: There were no cases of conversion to open surgery. Of 54 patients, 52 patients had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and two had adenocarcinoma. The total operative time was 349.8+/-77.4 minutes, of which 90.6+/-27.6 minutes was required for the abdominal procedure. The mean estimated operative blood loss during the abdominal procedure was 40.0+/-355.5 ml. The postoperative complication rate was 24.1%; three patients died of pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic gastric tubing with pyloromyotomy is a feasible and safe treatm ent option for patients with esophageal cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Conversion to Open Surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms* ; Esophagectomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Lymph Node Excision ; Operative Time ; Pneumonia ; Postoperative Complications

A Clinical analysis was carried out with 340 cases of craniocerebral injuries under 15 years of age, admitted at the Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital in 12 years between Jan., 1987 and Dec., 1969. The matrial was classified four groups according to main lesions, i.e. (1) mild cerebral contusion without skull fractures. (2) moderate or severe cerebral contusion without skull fractures. (3) various types of skull fractures. (4) intracranial hemorrhagic lesions, representing such lesions as follows: a. epidural hematoma, b. subdural hematoma, c. subdural hygroma, d. intracerebral hematoma, e. traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. The results were as follows: 1) The age incidence was greatest in 6 years of age, and 120 cases (32.6% of the total) were included in the age group between four and six. 2) Males outnumbered females by almost 2 to 1. 3) The accident occurred mostly between 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. in a day. 4) The craniocerebral injuries were caused by traffic accident(173 cases; 50.8%), falls from heights(108 cases; 31.8%), hit(55 cases; 10.9%), firearms(2 cases; 0.6%) and birth injury (2 cases; 0.6%). 5) Early convulsion was the frequent symptom in the age group between 2 and 7. It was felt that convulsions frequently occurred in epidural and subdural hematoma patients. 6) Forty eight per cent of patients had no deterioration of consciousness on admission examination. 7) Epidural hematoma was the common finding in most of the depressed skull fracture cases. 8) The location of skull fractures in the order of frequency were parietal, temporal, frontal and occipital bone. 9) The epidural hematoma was most common lesion in the 13 to 15 year-old group. 10) The over-all mortality rate was 7.1%. In the surgical group(79 cases) the operative mortality was 11.4%(9 cases): the mortality rate of the subdural hematoma, 25.0%(3 cases); the epidural hematoma, 11.1%(2 cases); the compound depressed fracture, 7.8%(2 cases). In the non-surgical group(261 cases) it was 5.8%. The mortality rate of those who and been unconscious after injuries was significantly high(75.0%). 11) The period of hospitalization was two weeks on an average.
Adolescent ; Birth Injuries ; Child* ; Consciousness ; Contusions ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Male ; Mortality ; Neurosurgery ; Occipital Bone ; Rabeprazole ; Seizures ; Seoul ; Skull Fracture, Depressed ; Skull Fractures ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic ; Subdural Effusion

BACKGROUND: A recently identified Flaviviridae-like agent, termed hepatitis G virus (HGV), has been recognized as a non A-E hepatitis agent, but its relation to liver disease and transmission mode are not well understood. We investigated HGV infection rate in Korea and tried to clarify its relation to the liver disease. METHODS: 145 blood donors, 39 hemodialysis patients and 22 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected persons were investigated for the presence of HGV by nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) with primers from the 5' UTR of HGV and some liver function tests. In each PCR assay, one positive and two negative controls were included. RESULTS: HGV-RNA was detected in 11 (7.6%) of 145 young voluntary blood donors and in 5 (12.8%) of 39 hemodialysis patients and in 8 (36.4%) of 22 HCV infected patients. All HGV RNA positive hemodialysis patients have a past history of transfusion, but they had a remarkably shorter duration of hemodialysis than those of HGV-negative patients. HCV infected patients with HGV-RNA tended to be younger than those without HGV-RNA. In all 15 HGV-RNA infected individuals without hepatitis B and C infection, alanine amino transferase was not increased except in 2 cases. Liver function tests did not show a significant difference between HGV-RNA positive patients and negative patients. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatitis G virus infection rate was much higher in Korea than other countries, so we suggested that group life could be another transmission mode other than blood transfusion. But even in infected cases, HGV did not seem to cause hepatitis and a high proportion cleared the virus after a relatively short time.
5' Untranslated Regions ; Alanine ; Blood Donors* ; Blood Transfusion ; GB virus C* ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Function Tests ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Renal Dialysis* ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA ; Transferases

Ovarian pregnancy is rare form of ectopic pregnancy occurring in 0.5-1% of all ectopic pregnancies. But the presenting symptom is very similar and difficult to distinguish with other forms of ectopic pregnancy. We report a case of ovarian pregnancy mimicking cornual pregnancy managed with laparoscopy. Early detection is important role in preserving fertility to avoid the ablation of functional ovarian tissue. The diagnostic criteria, etiology, and management are discussed.
Adenomyosis* ; Female ; Fertility ; Laparoscopy* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*