1.The Effect of an Oral Contraceptive (Eugynon) Upon Lactation.
E Hyock KWON ; Tae Ryong KIM ; Kil Won KANG ; Jae Woong HONG ; Yoon Ok AHN
Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine 1975;8(1):15-24
There are a number of published reports aimed at clarifying the effect of hormonal contracept -ives upon the quantity and quality of breast milk during postpartum and lactation periods. As to the volume of milk produced by breast feeding mothers, many authors seem to have agreed on a decrease as an established pattern in the periods following regular administration of oral contraceptives containing estrogen in varying dosage. The quality of milk following administration of hormonal contraceptives, however, remsins a controversial issue. Korea's experience in oral contraceptive is rather a brief one, but use of Eugynon has been widespread and frequent since this hormonal contraceptive was introduced into the national program in 1967. The authors have reviewed the potential significance of data concerning regular use of an oral contraceptive as affecting lactation, and have sought to clarify the interrelationship between the administration of Eugynon and quantity and quality of breast milk from mothers contracepting. with Eugynon in different periods following confinement. A total of 85 women, who were at different periods following deliveries, have been divided into, two groups, one comprising 28 women regularly taking oral pills and the other (57 women) not resorting to hormonal contraceptives if they were contracepting at all. 1. Milk Volume. In view of the possible influence of suckling on the amount of milk produced, efforts were made in this study to standardize the technique by extracting breastmilk by applying manual pressures on one side of the maw-nae, While the nipple on the other side was being sucked by the mother's own baby. The effetct of an exogenic ovarian hormone on the quantity as well as quality of breastmilk is generally understood to be inapparent until the drug is administered to women whose milk secreting function has been normalized. ") In the present study, it was observed that the decrease in the ammount of milk obtained from mothers in the periods following the 4th cycle of oral contraceptives or thereafter has turned out to be statistically insignificant. This result conforms i.u the findings by Tubari and others. It is assumed that it takes at lest 2 to 3 cycles of use before mammary glands are functionally adjusted to the use of exogenic hormonal contraceptives. 2. Specific Gravity and Composition of Milk There was no noticeable change in the protein and chloride content following continuous administration of ore.l contraceptives, while meaningful changes were observed in fat (increase) and calcium (decrease up to the 5th cycle use) contents. Also, there was a rather significant decrease in the specific gravity in the period following administration of the first cycle of the oral contraceptive. The findings from the present study partially conforms the results published by Ramadan and others, who reported that little change was noticed in the contents of total solids. ash, chlorides and lactose in the breast milk of women who had taken 4 cycles of ovosiston, although in our study lactose was not measured. Ramaden, however, reported that fat content did increase in the same milk, as in our study. A definitive conclusion, however, could not be made unless measures are taken to rule out the physiological changes of the maternal body affecting the composition of milks.
Breast Feeding
;
Calcium
;
Chlorides
;
Contraceptive Agents
;
Contraceptives, Oral
;
Estrogens
;
Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination
;
Female
;
Health Resorts
;
Humans
;
Lactation*
;
Lactose
;
Mammary Glands, Human
;
Milk
;
Milk, Human
;
Mothers
;
Nipples
;
Postpartum Period
;
Specific Gravity
2.Comparison of Therapeutic Result of Oral Corticosteroid Versus Intravenous Gammaglobulin in Childhood Acute ITP.
Jong Hwan KIM ; Hae Won KIM ; Hong Ja KANG ; Woo Sik CHUNG ; Kil Seo KIM
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 1994;37(12):1717-1724
A clinical study was conducted to compare effectiveness of IV Globulin with that of steriod in childhood acute ITP. We carried out an experiment to 36 patients of acute ITP who recovered over 50.000/mm(3) of platelet count and not to recur in 6 months. Study group consist of 10 children who were treated with steriod only (Group A), 13 children who were treated with IV Globulin (0.4g/kg/d, 5 days, Group B), and 13 children combined with steroid (Group C) Study period was from January 1988 to December 1992, folllowing results were obtained. 1) There were no significant difference in sex ratio. age distribution, pretreatment hemoglobin level, platelet count and prolonged bleeding time among study groups. 2) The days which platelet count reached to 50.000/mm(3), 100,000/mm(3) were 3.7 days (Group A), 2.1 days (Group B), and 2.3 days (Group C), respectively (p<0.05). 3) Complete response rates within 4 weeks did not show significant difference (90% in Group A, 84.6% in Group B, 92.3% in Group C), the complete response rate within 1 week were significantly different among three group (44.4% in Group A, 90.9% in Group B, 83.3% in Group C)(p<0.05). In conclusion, it is more desirable for early treatment of a childhood ITP because IV Globulin is easy to normalize platelet count in a short time.
Age Distribution
;
Bleeding Time
;
Child
;
Humans
;
Platelet Count
;
Sex Ratio
3.Congenital Cytomegalovirus infection.
Kang Woo PARK ; Ho Seek AHN ; Eui Bon KOO ; Sung Won KIM ; Kil Hyun KIM
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 1990;33(9):1271-1275
No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections*
;
Cytomegalovirus*
4.Clinical Observation on the Primary Bone Tumors
Chang Soo KANG ; Young Sik PYUN ; Chung Kil LEE ; Sung Won SHON
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1980;15(2):248-259
A total of 189 cases of primary bone tumors reviewed and analysed clinically and pathologically at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Presbyterian Hospital, Taegu, Korea during the 15 years period from july, 1964 to june, 1979. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In 189 cases of primary bone tumors, 87 cases (46%) were benign and 102 cases (54%) were malignant. 2. Osteochondroma was the most common benign bone tumor (31.0%) and followed by simple bone cyst (14.9%), enchondroma (14.9%) and giant cell tumor (13.8%). 3. Osteosarcoma was the most common primary malignant bone tumor (45.0%) and followed by fibrosarcoma (17.7%) and chondrosarcoma (12.8%). 4. 22 cases were solitary and 5 cases were multiple Iesions of osteochondroma. The knee joint area was the most common site of osteochondroma (59.2%) and peak incidence was in the second decade. 5. Simple bone cyst was 13 cases. The sex distribution of simple bone cyst showed 5.5 times of the male predominence. The knee joint area was the most common site of simple bone cyst (76.9%) and its peak incidence was in the first and second decade (61.5%). Seven of 13 cases of simple bone cyst were seen pathological fracture and three of its cases were recurred. 6. In 13 cases of enchondroma, 6 cases were solitary and 7 cases were multiple lesions. The common site was phalanges of the hand and its peak incidence was in the second and third decade of life. 7. Giant cell tumor was 16 cases and to be divided into pathologically Grade 1 & 11 12 cases (75%) and Grade III 4 cases (25%). The sex distribution of giant cell tumor was 8 males and 8 females. The average age of giant cell tumor was 36.1 years with the peak incidence in the third and forth decade of life. 8. The average age of osteogenic sarcoma was 23.1 years with the peak incidence in the second decade of life. The sex distribution of osteogenic sarcoma was 25 males (54.3%) and 21 females (45.7%). The common sites of osteogenic sarcoma were distal femur and proximal tibia and proximal humerus in 41 cases (89.1%). 9. The average age of fibrosarcoma was 28.1 years with the peak incidence in the second and third decade of life. The sex distribution of fibrosarcoma was 12 males (66.6%) and 6 females (33.3%). The common site of fibrosarcoma were femur and tibia in 9 cases (50%). 10. Chondrosarcoma were 13 cases. The sex distribution of chondrosarcoma showed 5.5 times of the male predominence. The knee joint area was the most common site of chondrosarcoma (46.1%) and its peak incidence was in the third and forth decade of life.
Bone Cysts
;
Chondroma
;
Chondrosarcoma
;
Daegu
;
Female
;
Femur
;
Fibrosarcoma
;
Fractures, Spontaneous
;
Giant Cell Tumors
;
Hand
;
Humans
;
Humerus
;
Incidence
;
Knee Joint
;
Korea
;
Male
;
Orthopedics
;
Osteochondroma
;
Osteosarcoma
;
Protestantism
;
Sex Distribution
;
Tibia
5.Digital Subtraction Angiography in Cerebral Infarction.
Sin Young CHO ; Eun Young KWACK ; Hyo Heon KIM ; Ik Won KANG ; Kil Woo LEE ; Ji Hun KIM ; Hong Kil SUH ; Il Seong LEE
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1995;32(1):15-19
PURPOSE: The usefulness and radiographic findings of the angiography in cerebral infarction are well known. We attempted to evaluate the anglographic causes, findings, and the usefulness of DSA in cerebral infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed retrospectively DSA images of 51 patients who were diagnosed as having cerebral infarction by brain CT and/or MRI and clinical settings. DSA was performed in all 51 patients, and in 3 patients, conventional anglogram was also done. Both carotid DSA images were obtained in AP, lateral, oblique projections, and one or both vertebral DSA images in AP and lateral. The authors reviewed the patient's charts for symptoms, operative findings and final diagnosis, and analysed DSA findings of cerebral atherosclerosis with focus on 6 major cerebral arteries. RESULTS: Among the 51 patients of cerebral infarction 43 patients(84.3%) had cerebral atherosclerosis, 1 dissecting aneurysm, 1 moyamoya disease and 6 negative in anglogram. DSA findings of cerebral atherosclerosis were multiple narrowings in 42 patients(97,7%), tortuosity in 22(51.2%), dilatation in 14, occlusion in 12, avascular region in 8, collaterals in 7, ulcer in 6, and delayed washout of contrast media in 3. In cerebral atherosclerosis, internal carotid artery was involved in 37 patients(86.0%), middle cerebral artery in 29(67.4%), posterior cerebral artery in 28, anterior cerebral artery in 26, vertebral artery in 22, and basilar artery in 15. Intracranial involvement of cerebral atherosclerosis (64.9%) was more common than extracranial involvement(16.2%). CONCLUSION: In cerebral infarction MRA may be the screening test, but for more precise evaluation of vascular abnormality and its extent, DSA should be considered.
Aneurysm, Dissecting
;
Angiography
;
Angiography, Digital Subtraction*
;
Anterior Cerebral Artery
;
Basilar Artery
;
Brain
;
Carotid Artery, Internal
;
Cerebral Arteries
;
Cerebral Infarction*
;
Contrast Media
;
Diagnosis
;
Dilatation
;
Humans
;
Intracranial Arteriosclerosis
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Mass Screening
;
Middle Cerebral Artery
;
Moyamoya Disease
;
Posterior Cerebral Artery
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Ulcer
;
Vertebral Artery
6.Hematogenous Candida Pneumonia in Major Burn Patients: Plain Chest Radiograph and Thin-section CT Findings.
Sin Young CHO ; Ell Seong LEE ; Hyo Heon KIM ; Ik Won KANG ; Kil Woo LEE ; Ji Hun KIM ; Hong Kil SUH ; Ya Seong SHIM ; Dae Sun KIM
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1995;33(2):227-231
PURPOSE: To describe plain radiographic and thin-section CT findings of hematogenous candida pneumonia in major burn patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed nine cases of hematogenous candida pneumonia in major burn patients who had positive blood culture for candida and findings of pneumonia on plain chest radiograph. On five of nine cases, thin-section CT was done. We evaluated retrospectively nine cases for onset, the pattern, distribution, and size of lesions on plain chest radiograph and thin-section CT. RESULTS: On plain chest radiograph, randomly distributed 2-10mm nodules were seen in six cases(66%) and randomly distributed 10-15mm consolidations in remaining three cases{33% ). Lesion occured in 11th to 75th post-burn day{average, 34th post-burn day). Other findings were cardiomegaly in three cases, atelectasis in three cases, and pulmonary edema in one case. Thin-section CT showed variable shaped subpleural nodules in all five cases. The size of nodules were 1-5mm in two cases(40%) and 5-10mm(60% ) in three cases. Feeding vessel signs were seen in two cases. Other findings were atelectasis in three cases, cardiomegaly in three cases, ground-glass opacity and interlobular septal thickenings by pulmonary edema in two cases. CONCLUSION: Plain chest radiographic findings of hematogenous candida pneumonia in major burn patients are randomly distributed nodules or consolidations of variable size. Thin-section CT findings are variable shaped subpleural nodules less than 1 cm.
Burns*
;
Candida*
;
Cardiomegaly
;
Humans
;
Pneumonia*
;
Pulmonary Atelectasis
;
Pulmonary Edema
;
Radiography, Thoracic*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Thorax*
7.MR Findings of Vascular Masses of the Head and Neck: Differential Diagnosis and Interventional Treatment Planning.
Hyo Heon KIM ; Ik Won KANG ; Kil Woo LEE ; Hong Kil SUH ; Shin Young CHO ; Ku Sun KIM ; Young Soo NO ; Suk Joon OH
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1995;33(2):205-211
PURPOSE: To characterize the MR findings for a differential diagnosis and to make a plan for treatment by interventional technique of the vascular masses with/without hypertrophic feeding vessels of the head and neck. SUBJCETS AND METHODS: Seven patients with vascular masses of the head and neck proved by pathology, angiography, clinical findings were included. Vascular masses included 4 venous malformations, a capillary hemangioma, and a hemangiopericytoma, a hemangioma combined with arteriovenous malformation. 7 patients had MR studies with 1.0T and 1.5T using routine TI-, T2- weighted spin echo sequences, and contrast enhancement. 4 MR angiography, 3 inversion recovery, and 6 contrast angiography were studied from 7 patients RESULTS: All vascular masses demonstrated higher than muscle signal intensity on Tl-weighted images, bright signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and prominent enhancement, except AV hemangioma combined with prominent arteriovenous malformation on postcontrast scan. Three hemangiomas demonstrated distinct serpiginous signal voids. Venous malformations demonstrated venous lakes seen as homogenous regions of high signal intensity and phleboliths seen as low signal foci on images. Inversion recovery was the best pulse sequence for evaluation of the extent of lesion. CONCLUSION: MR findings of the vascular masses of the head and neck are useful in delineating the extent of the disease, differentiating venous malformation or cavernous hemangioma from other hemangiomatous lesions including hypertrophic feeding vessels, and making a plan for treatment by interventional technique also.
Angiography
;
Arteriovenous Malformations
;
Diagnosis, Differential*
;
Head*
;
Hemangioma
;
Hemangioma, Capillary
;
Hemangioma, Cavernous
;
Hemangiopericytoma
;
Humans
;
Lakes
;
Neck*
;
Pathology
8.Radiological Findings of Vertebral Artery Dissection.
Ik Won KANG ; Kil Woo LEE ; Ji Hun KIM ; Hong Kil SUH ; Kyu Sun KIM ; Shin Young CHO ; Ya Seong SHIM
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1995;33(4):507-512
PURPOSE: The vertebral artery dissection is rare and increasingly recognized as a source of stroke. The purpose of this study is to describe causes, clinical manifestations, MRI and anglographic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional anglograms(n=7) and magnetic resonance imaging(n=6) were retrospectively analyzed in seven patients of vertebral artery dissection. The classification of the Krayenbuhl and Yasargil for vertebral artery segmentation was used for localization of vertebral artery dissection. Additionally, etiology and clinical manifestations were also retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Six cases were spontaneous type and one case was traumatic type. The clinical diagnoses of 6 spontaneous arterial dissection cases were wallenberg syndrome(4 cases), subarachnoid hemorrhage(1 case), and infarction of the cerebellum corresponding to PICA territory(1 case). A linear bright signal caused by thrombus was well visualized at the dissection area on sagittal T1 weighted spin echo MR images in all 6 cases. The characteristic anglographic findings were profound narrowing in 4 cases, pearl and string sign(including dissecting aneurysm) in 3 cases, complete obstruction in 3 cases, and a double density lumen(true and false lumen) extending to proximal basilar artery in one case. Spontaneous dissections were located at the V4 segment in all 6 cases. One traumatic dissection was located at the V2 segment. CONCLUSION: The most common site of the spontaneous dissection of the vertebral artery was V4 portion and a linear bright signal caused by thrombus was well visualized on sagittal T1 weighted spin echo MR images.
Basilar Artery
;
Cerebellum
;
Classification
;
Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Infarction
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Pica
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Stroke
;
Thrombosis
;
Vertebral Artery Dissection*
;
Vertebral Artery*
9.Comparison of Anesthesiology Related Terminology between South and North Korea.
Won Oak KIM ; Hae Keum KIL ; Jeong Wan KANG ; Kwang Hee KIM
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1996;30(1):31-40
BACKGROUND: Terminology is a good index of reflections in conceptional imaginations, trends and technological advances in the field of their own. The goal of this study was to compare the similarity and difference of terms in anesthesiology to evaluate the communicability between South and North Korea. These results may be particularly helpful during the next step of making glossary, academic communication and the searching of social unity at the time of reunion. METHODS: Several books and indexes written in South and North Korea and data from seminars were obtained. Multiple terms were then drawn from these data. These terms were used to make a comparison between South and North side. RESULTS: Both side does not use a Chinese character in their books and indexes, even though many terms stem from a Chinese character. North side had more terms of native language than South side. There were some different terms because of each others rules of grammar. Several terms were confusedly used in both side. In some of combined terms, words were reversed in their orders. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that terminology using in South and North Korea in the field of anesthesiology is not so far way and both side can be capable of communication without any difficulty. But both have many areas to be filled with terms of native language to have identity.
Anesthesiology*
;
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
;
Democratic People's Republic of Korea*
;
Humans
;
Imagination
;
Reunion
10.Liver disease and anti-HCV antibody.
Sung Man CHOI ; Joung A KANG ; Kyung Eun SONG ; Jang Soo SUH ; Won Kil LEE ; Jay Sik KIM
Korean Journal of Clinical Pathology 1991;11(3):643-654
No abstract available.
Liver Diseases*
;
Liver*