No abstract available.
Alleles* ; Base Sequence* ; Clone Cells* ; Cloning, Organism* ; HLA-DR Antigens

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus*

No abstract available.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical utility of multiplanar reformation images of helical CT in the evaluation of pancreatic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Helical CT scans of the pancreas were obtained in 30 patients with pancreatic diseases. Helical CT was performed with 5mm collimation at 5mm/sec table speed during rapid injection of intravenous contrast agent using power injector. After scanning, helical volume data were reconstructed at 2mm interval and then multiplanar reformation of the pancreas and adjacent structures was done. In both prospective reconstructed axial images and multiplanar reformation images, detection of pancreatic lesion, extent of lesion, and vascular and bile ductal changes were analyzed with a grading system of 1,2, 3. RESULTS: The mean grade of detection of pancreatic lesions was 2.37 in the prospective axial image and 2.83 in multiplanar reformation image, extent of diseases was 2.40 in prospective axial image and 2.97 in multiplanar reformation image, and vascular and bile ductal changes was 2.00 in the prospective axial image and 2.97 in multiplanar reformation image. All the differences were statistically significant (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Multiplanar reformation images of helical CT are useful in the evaluation of pancreatic diseases and especially in the demonstratibn of complex anatomic relationships between the pancreas and surrounding structures.
Bile Ducts ; Humans ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Diseases* ; Prospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of the CT cholangiography by using helical CT with multiplanar reformation in patients with extrahepatic biliary obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Helical CT was performed in 36 patients of extrahepatic biliary obstruction confirmed by operation or invasive cholangiography(percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography or endoscopic retrograde cholagiopancreatography). The cause of obstructions were 18 benign diseases(11 common bile duct stones, four choledochal cysts, three pancreatitis) and 18 malignant diseases(seven common bile duct carcinomas, seven pancreatic head carcinomas, three ampullary carcinomas, one periampullary duodenal carcinoma). After helical scanning through the extrahepatic bile duct, retrospective reconstruction of the helical data was performed. And then, CT cholagiogram was obtained with multiplanar reformation. We evaluated the technical success rate and the accuracy in determinating the level and the cause of the obstruction. We compared findings of the CT cholangiogram with that of operation or invasive cholangiography. RESULTS: In 100%(36/36) of cases, CT cholangiography could be obtained successfully. The accuracy of the CT cholangiography in determinating the level of the obstruction was 100%(11 cases of suprapancreatic duct, 13 cases of intrapancreatic duct, 13 cases of infrapancreatic duct and ampulla), and the accuracy in determinating the cause of the obstruction was 91.7%(all cases of 18 benign diseases, and 15 cases of 18 malignant diseases). CONCLUSION: In evaluating the obstruction of extrahepatic bile ducts, the CT cholangiography by using helical CT with multiplanar reformation is an useful noninvasive method in determinating the level.and the cause of biliary obstruction and therefore could replace t~e invasive cholangiography.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Cholangiography* ; Choledochal Cyst ; Common Bile Duct ; Head ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed*

PURPOSE: Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage is not rare disease which can be caused by such risk factors as sepsis, large baby, birth trauma and asphyxia. The clinical manifestations include jaundice, anemia, abdominal mass and differentiation from neuroblastoma, renal vein thrombosis and adrenal abscess is needed. Through the clinical assessment of presenting features, we hope that this study be of any help to early detection and proper management of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage. METHODS: The 16 subjects out of neonates admitted to our hospital from July 1991 to June 1997 were diagnosed as neonatal adrenal hemorrhage. The risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and prognosis of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage were evaluated in these 16 cases. RESULTS: 1) Among 16 cases, males were 10 (62.5%) and females were 6 (37.5%). Mean birth weight was 3.601.08kg and mean gestational age was 39.82+1.08 week, and all were fullterm babies. In modes of delivery, vaginal deliveries were 12 cases (75.0%) and cesarean sections were 4 cases (25.0%). 2) 13 cases (81.2%) were involved in right side, 2 cases (12.5%) in left side and 1 case (6.3%) bilaterally. 3) The risk factors include sepsis in 6 cases (37.5%), large baby in 5 cases (31.3%), birth trauma in 5 cases<31.3%) and asphyxia in 3 cases (18.8%). 4) The clinical manifestations include jaundice in 7 cases (43.8%), anemia in 7 cases (43.8%), fever in 6 cases (37.5%) and abdominal mass in 3 cases (18.8%). 5) In the time of diagnosis, until 7 days of birth were 9 cases (56.2%), 8-14 days were 3 cases (18.8%), 15-21 days were 2 cases (12.5%) and 22-28 days were 2 cases (12.5%). Follow-up studies were done in 13 cases (81.2%), and tha lesions all decreased without any specific complications or sequelae. CONCLUSION: Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage can be diagnosed by abdominal ultrasono- gram in the presence of suggestive manifestations of jaundice, anemia, fever and abdominal mass, with relatively good prognosis. Differentiation from other conditions as well as avoidance of unnecessary explorations can be achieved by serial follow-up examinations of abdominal ultrasonogram.
Abscess ; Anemia ; Asphyxia ; Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Hope ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice ; Male ; Neuroblastoma ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Renal Veins ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Mesenteric Artery, Superior

The primary treatment goal of torticollis is to prevent the craniofacial deformities, limitation of neck movements and long-term postural changes. In order to offer precise guidelines for the treatment of torticollis regarding the cosmetic and functional results, we analyzed 99 torticollis children retrospectively for the ages at diagnosis and the start of treatment, the duration of treatment, the problems at first visitation, and the size of sternocleidomastoid mass. These patients visited the department of rehabilitation medicine, Holy Family Hospital from April 1991 to June 1997. The results showed that there was no relation between the number of problems at first visitation and the age at the start of treatment, but the group with 1 problem had a significantly shorter duration of treatment than the groups with more than 4 problems. The ages at diagnosis and at the start of treatment for the patients with a palpable neck mass were younger than those of the patients without a neck mass. The duration of treatment was longer for the patients with a larger size of mass by the ultrasonography of the neck. The ages at diagnosis and at the start of treatment, and the duration of treatment were all younger and shorter in the cosmetically satisfactory group than those of the cosmeticlly unsatisfactory group. However there was no significant difference between the functionally satisfactory group and unsatisfactory group in the ages at diagnosis and at the start of treatment, and the duration of treatment. In conclusion, when the treatment of torticollis was started early, especially at less than 3 months old, better cosmetic results were obtained, even though functional results were relatively satisfactory by the proper rehabilitation treatments. We want to emphasize that it is important to detect and treat the torticollis as early as possible for the better cosmetic results.
Child* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Neck ; Rehabilitation* ; Retrospective Studies ; Torticollis* ; Ultrasonography

Immotile cilia syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by specific ultrastructural defects of cilia and associated impairment of ciliary motion and mucociliary clearance. Disorders of ciliary structure or function result in chronic sinopulmonary diseases manifested as chronic sinusitis, bronchitis, otitis media, nasal polyposis, and ultimately bronchiectasis. In addition, situs inversus, dextrocardia, and infertility can be associated with dysfunctional ciliary activity. We experienced a case of immotile cilia syndrome presenting with recurrent bronchitis, pneumonia, chronic sinusitis, otitis media, and bronchiectasis. She was diagnosed by lack of dynein inner arm on electron microscopy. Treatment included chest percussion, bronchodilators, antibiotics, and surgical intervention. She has been followed up at regular intervals. We report this case with related literatures.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Arm* ; Bronchiectasis ; Bronchitis ; Bronchodilator Agents ; Cilia ; Ciliary Motility Disorders* ; Dextrocardia ; Dyneins* ; Infertility ; Microscopy, Electron* ; Mucociliary Clearance ; Otitis Media ; Percussion ; Pneumonia ; Sinusitis ; Situs Inversus ; Thorax