OBJECTS: We developed the Korean version of Hasegawa Dementia Scale(HDS-K) by translating the revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale(HDS-R) which is known to be a useful brief screening instrument for dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The translation was carried out keeping the basic structure of Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale(HDS-R). HDS-K, along with MMSE-KC, SBT-K and CDR, were administered to 174 dementia patients and 160 elderly control subjects. Cronbach alpha coefficient, inter-rator reliability, and test-retest reliability of HDS-K were examined. The correlations of MMSE-KC, SBT-K and CDR with HDS-K were also examined to confirm the validity of HDS-K. Cut-off scores for dementia were estimated by Receiver Operator Characteristic(ROC) curve anslyses. By comparing Area Under Curve(AUC), the diagnostic efficiency of HDS-K was compared with those of MMSE-KC and SBT-K. RESULTS: 1) HDS-K was found to have significantly high internal consistency(Cronbach alpha coefficient=0.948, <0.01), inter-rater reliability(Pearson correlation coefficient=0.999, <0.01) and test-retest reliability(Pearson correlation coefficient=0.848, <0.01). 2) All the correlations of HDS-K with MMSE-KC, SBT-K and CDR were significant indicating that HDS-K has good concurrent validity. Its optimal cut-off point for dementia was estimated as 15/16, where the sensitivity and specificity were 0.950 and 0.902, respectively. 3) The ROC curve analysis indicated that the diagnostic efficiency of HDS-K(AUC=0.972) was comparable with MMSE-KC(AUC=0.951) and SBT-K(AUC=0.963). CONCLUSION: We conclude that HDS-K is a reliable, valid, and useful screening instrument for dementia.
Aged ; Dementia* ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Reproducibility of Results* ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Translating

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH) arising from the pericranium which extend to the calvaria and the dura mater in a 32-year-old man is reported. This tumor presented as scalp induration and headache without any other neurologic abnormalities. Radical excision presented a surgical challenge because of the extensiveness of the lesion. In this case radical excision of pericranial and calvarial lesions were possible, however it is impossible to remove the lesion in the dura mater radically because of its extensiveness. Thus the radiation therapy was necessary after operation. Histologically, pericranial, calvarial and dura mater tumor tissues were same as that of the typical malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the soft tissue. The authors review the literatures of the MFH involving central nerve systems and discuss the management and the radiologic findings of this rare tumor.
Adult ; Dura Mater ; Headache ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous* ; Humans ; Scalp ; Skull

PURPOSE: To investigate the results of surgical treatment of the symptomatic accessory navicular in adolescent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 11 patients who were 11~16 years old with symptomatic accessory navicular were identified between 2001 and 2009. Six cases were diagnosed after trauma and 8 cases were diagnosed by accident with painful bony protrusion on medial aspect of foot. In cases after at least 3 months of ineffective conservative treatment, patients were treated by resection of accessory navicular and reattachment of tibialis posterior tendon to the apex of the medial longitudinal arch using periosteum and ligamentous soft tissue without transposition of its course. And then short leg cast was applied for correction of the flat foot (if it is combined) which was molded into the longitudinal arch with the talonavicular joint released and foot inverted during about 6 weeks. RESULTS: All were type II accessory navicular without tibialis posterior tendon lesions. In most cases pain was improved, results were excellent in seven and good in four. Calcaneal pitch angle and talus-first metatarsal angle was improved about 4.64degrees and 5.79degrees in average. CONCLUSION: Symptomatic accessory navicular in adolescent might not be associated with the tibialis posterior tendon lesions. The surgical treatment composed of excision of the accessory navicular with simple replication of the tibialis posterior tendon without altering its course led to good results in most cases. The procedure has a low rate of complications. And it is easy to be performed with a good satisfaction.
Adolescent ; Flatfoot ; Foot ; Fungi ; Humans ; Joints ; Leg ; Ligaments ; Metatarsal Bones ; Periosteum ; Tendons

PURPOSE: To investigate the results of surgical treatment of the symptomatic accessory navicular in adolescent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 11 patients who were 11~16 years old with symptomatic accessory navicular were identified between 2001 and 2009. Six cases were diagnosed after trauma and 8 cases were diagnosed by accident with painful bony protrusion on medial aspect of foot. In cases after at least 3 months of ineffective conservative treatment, patients were treated by resection of accessory navicular and reattachment of tibialis posterior tendon to the apex of the medial longitudinal arch using periosteum and ligamentous soft tissue without transposition of its course. And then short leg cast was applied for correction of the flat foot (if it is combined) which was molded into the longitudinal arch with the talonavicular joint released and foot inverted during about 6 weeks. RESULTS: All were type II accessory navicular without tibialis posterior tendon lesions. In most cases pain was improved, results were excellent in seven and good in four. Calcaneal pitch angle and talus-first metatarsal angle was improved about 4.64degrees and 5.79degrees in average. CONCLUSION: Symptomatic accessory navicular in adolescent might not be associated with the tibialis posterior tendon lesions. The surgical treatment composed of excision of the accessory navicular with simple replication of the tibialis posterior tendon without altering its course led to good results in most cases. The procedure has a low rate of complications. And it is easy to be performed with a good satisfaction.
Adolescent ; Flatfoot ; Foot ; Fungi ; Humans ; Joints ; Leg ; Ligaments ; Metatarsal Bones ; Periosteum ; Tendons

OBJECTIVES: At present, the overall incidence of lung cancer is increasing, causing the age-adjusted lung cancer death rate to double every 15 years. Surgical resection of the tumor offers the best prospect of long-term survival in patients with lung cancer. Accurate prediction of postoperative ventilatory function should be helpful in determining in which patients the risk of surgery are acceptable. Exercise pulmonary function test has been widely applied to objective measure of work capacity, and can be extremely helpful for investigating exertional dyspnea. But no attempt is made to assess the contribution of the lung to be resected to performance, and it has been advocated as an additional predictor of postoperative complications. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the factors such as FEV1, FVC, VEmax, Vo2max, anaerobic threshold, heart rate reserve, breathing reserve and the corelation between FEV1 and VO2max at 4 weeks and 6months after resection in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: The eighteen of patients with lung cancer who considered surgically resectable underwent progre ssively incremental exercise test to symptom-limited stage before opera-tion, and also have done at surgical resection after 4 weeks, and 6 momths. Measurements were made of metabolic, cardiorespiratory, blood gases and symptoms during exercise test. RESULTS: 1) There were significant decreases in FEV1, FVC, VO2max, VE max in 4 weeks after operation and were more decreased in FEV1, FVC, VE max with significance, but fall in VO2max without significance in 6 month after operation. 2) There was a significant corre lation between the decrease of FEV1 and that of VO2max in 6 month after operation . Conclusions This result suggests that change of FEV1 is a relatively useful predictor of change in exercise performance after lung resection in 6 month after operation.
Anaerobic Threshold ; Dyspnea ; Exercise Test ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Gases ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Respiration ; Respiratory Function Tests*

Though advances in immunosuppressive therapy have led to increased survival of renal transplant patients, but increased risk of developing infectious complications. Aspergillosis is a second common opportunistic fungal infection in a renal transplant patient. Lungs, brain and sinuses are the main targets of this fungal infection, but involvement of thyroid gland is rare. We report a case of disseminated aspergillosis with cutaneous aspergillosis and Aspergillus thyroiditis with thyrotoxicosis in a renal allograft patient.
Allografts* ; Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus ; Brain ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Lung ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis* ; Thyrotoxicosis

No abstract available.
Lymphatic Diseases* ; Pericardial Effusion*

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various occlusal loads on the stress distribution of the buccal cervical region of a normal maxillary second premolar, using a three dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA). After 3D FE modeling of maxillary second premolar, a static load of 500N of three load cases was applied. Stress analysis was performed using ANSYS (Swanson Analysis Systems, Inc., Houston, USA). The maximum principal stresses and minimum principal stresses were sampled at thirteen nodal points in the buccal cervical enamel for each four horizontal planes, 1.0 mm above CEJ, 0.5 mm above CEJ, CEJ, 0.5 mm under CEJ. The results were as follows 1. The peak stress was seen at the cervical enamel surface of the mesiobuccal line angle area, asymmetrically. 2. The values of compressive stresses were within the range of the failure stress of enamel. But the values of tensile stresses exceeded the range of the failure stress of enamel. 3. The tensile stresses from the perpendicular load at the buccal incline of palatal cusp may be shown to be the primary etiological factors of the NCCLs.
Bicuspid ; Dental Enamel ; Finite Element Analysis ; Tooth Cervix

Tracheobronchial rupture is considered to be a life-threatening condition and most commonly occurs after blunt trauma to the neck or chest. However, single- and double-lumen endotracheal tubes can cause serious airway injury. The recognition of this complication and a knowledge of the possible contributory factors is critical, because failure to do so could result in lethal events. We report the case of a 63-year-old male patient who developed pneumomediastinum three days after routine orotracheal intubation.
Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Male ; Mediastinal Emphysema* ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Rupture ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; Thorax

The resistance to recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) in patients with chronic renal failure can develop in conditions such as iron deficiency, chronic bleeding, or chronic inflammatory disease. Recently, there have been several case reports of pure red cell aplasia due to antibody production to r-HuEPO in chronic hemodialysis patients. A 59-year old female undergoing chronic hemodialysis responded well to r-HuEPO for 6 years. But, a rapidly progressive anemia was then noted which was unresponsive to maximal doses of r-HuEPO and the patient became transfusion-dependent. Bone marrow examination showed absence of red cell precursors. A detailed search for the cause of this pure red cell aplasia was unrevealing. We conclude that although very rare, pure red cell aplasia should be considered in evaluating chronic hemodialysis patients with erythropoietin-resistant anemia.
Anemia* ; Antibody Formation ; Bone Marrow Examination ; Erythropoietin ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Iron ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Middle Aged ; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure* ; Renal Dialysis*