Pancreas serves endocrine and exocrine functions in the body; thus, their pathology can cause a broad range of irreparable consequences. Endocrine functions include the production of hormones such as insulin and glucagon, while exocrine functions involve the secretion of digestive enzymes. Disruption of these functions can lead to conditions like diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Also, the symptoms and causality of pancreatic cancer very greatly depends on their origin: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most fatal cancer; however, most of tumor derived from endocrine part of pancreas are benign. Pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreatic tissues, is caused by excessive alcohol consumption, the bile duct obstruction by gallstones, and the premature activation of digestive enzymes in the pancreas. Hereditary pancreatic diseases, such as maturity-onset diabetes of the young and hereditary pancreatitis, can be a candidate for disease modeling using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), due to their strong genetic influence. hPSC-derived pancreatic differentiation has been established for cell replacement therapy for diabetic patients and is robustly used for disease modeling. The disease modeling platform that allows interactions between immune cells and pancreatic cells is necessary to perform in-depth investigation of disease pathogenesis.

Objective: By focusing on a person-centered approach using latent class analyses (LCA), this study examined the patterns of sexual victimization among children and adolescents in South Korea and compared the psycho-behavioral outcomes of these classes. Methods: Participants were 546 females aged 6–17, including 117 sexual victimization survivors and 429 non-victims in South Korea. LCA, an analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were conducted. Psychological and behavioral outcomes were measured using the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist 6–18 and the Youth Self Report. Variables include internalizing (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, somatic complaints), externalizing (rule-breaking, aggressive behavior), social, thought, and attention problems. Results: Based on the fit statistics, proportion of each class, and interpretability, a three-class solution was selected as the best fitting model. Profile 1 mainly involved survivors of rape, which first occurred in adolescence through social relations involving alcohol, drugs, or filming. Profile 2 mainly comprised survivors of both rape and physical sexual harassment by close relations, such as family members or relatives, more than once. Profile 3 mainly comprised survivors of sexual harassment by strangers or social relations. Statistically significant differences were suggested in the psych-behavioral outcomes of the profiles compared with the non-victim group. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of examining experiences of sexual violence in a multifaceted manner. This approach may provide more effective interventions for survivors and allow clinicians to gain an in-depth understanding of sexual victimization in children and adolescents while also increasing the understanding of potential psycho-behavioral consequences.

Objective: By focusing on a person-centered approach using latent class analyses (LCA), this study examined the patterns of sexual victimization among children and adolescents in South Korea and compared the psycho-behavioral outcomes of these classes. Methods: Participants were 546 females aged 6–17, including 117 sexual victimization survivors and 429 non-victims in South Korea. LCA, an analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were conducted. Psychological and behavioral outcomes were measured using the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist 6–18 and the Youth Self Report. Variables include internalizing (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, somatic complaints), externalizing (rule-breaking, aggressive behavior), social, thought, and attention problems. Results: Based on the fit statistics, proportion of each class, and interpretability, a three-class solution was selected as the best fitting model. Profile 1 mainly involved survivors of rape, which first occurred in adolescence through social relations involving alcohol, drugs, or filming. Profile 2 mainly comprised survivors of both rape and physical sexual harassment by close relations, such as family members or relatives, more than once. Profile 3 mainly comprised survivors of sexual harassment by strangers or social relations. Statistically significant differences were suggested in the psych-behavioral outcomes of the profiles compared with the non-victim group. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of examining experiences of sexual violence in a multifaceted manner. This approach may provide more effective interventions for survivors and allow clinicians to gain an in-depth understanding of sexual victimization in children and adolescents while also increasing the understanding of potential psycho-behavioral consequences.

Objective: By focusing on a person-centered approach using latent class analyses (LCA), this study examined the patterns of sexual victimization among children and adolescents in South Korea and compared the psycho-behavioral outcomes of these classes. Methods: Participants were 546 females aged 6–17, including 117 sexual victimization survivors and 429 non-victims in South Korea. LCA, an analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were conducted. Psychological and behavioral outcomes were measured using the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist 6–18 and the Youth Self Report. Variables include internalizing (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, somatic complaints), externalizing (rule-breaking, aggressive behavior), social, thought, and attention problems. Results: Based on the fit statistics, proportion of each class, and interpretability, a three-class solution was selected as the best fitting model. Profile 1 mainly involved survivors of rape, which first occurred in adolescence through social relations involving alcohol, drugs, or filming. Profile 2 mainly comprised survivors of both rape and physical sexual harassment by close relations, such as family members or relatives, more than once. Profile 3 mainly comprised survivors of sexual harassment by strangers or social relations. Statistically significant differences were suggested in the psych-behavioral outcomes of the profiles compared with the non-victim group. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of examining experiences of sexual violence in a multifaceted manner. This approach may provide more effective interventions for survivors and allow clinicians to gain an in-depth understanding of sexual victimization in children and adolescents while also increasing the understanding of potential psycho-behavioral consequences.

Objective: By focusing on a person-centered approach using latent class analyses (LCA), this study examined the patterns of sexual victimization among children and adolescents in South Korea and compared the psycho-behavioral outcomes of these classes. Methods: Participants were 546 females aged 6–17, including 117 sexual victimization survivors and 429 non-victims in South Korea. LCA, an analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were conducted. Psychological and behavioral outcomes were measured using the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist 6–18 and the Youth Self Report. Variables include internalizing (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, somatic complaints), externalizing (rule-breaking, aggressive behavior), social, thought, and attention problems. Results: Based on the fit statistics, proportion of each class, and interpretability, a three-class solution was selected as the best fitting model. Profile 1 mainly involved survivors of rape, which first occurred in adolescence through social relations involving alcohol, drugs, or filming. Profile 2 mainly comprised survivors of both rape and physical sexual harassment by close relations, such as family members or relatives, more than once. Profile 3 mainly comprised survivors of sexual harassment by strangers or social relations. Statistically significant differences were suggested in the psych-behavioral outcomes of the profiles compared with the non-victim group. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of examining experiences of sexual violence in a multifaceted manner. This approach may provide more effective interventions for survivors and allow clinicians to gain an in-depth understanding of sexual victimization in children and adolescents while also increasing the understanding of potential psycho-behavioral consequences.

Objective: By focusing on a person-centered approach using latent class analyses (LCA), this study examined the patterns of sexual victimization among children and adolescents in South Korea and compared the psycho-behavioral outcomes of these classes. Methods: Participants were 546 females aged 6–17, including 117 sexual victimization survivors and 429 non-victims in South Korea. LCA, an analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were conducted. Psychological and behavioral outcomes were measured using the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist 6–18 and the Youth Self Report. Variables include internalizing (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, somatic complaints), externalizing (rule-breaking, aggressive behavior), social, thought, and attention problems. Results: Based on the fit statistics, proportion of each class, and interpretability, a three-class solution was selected as the best fitting model. Profile 1 mainly involved survivors of rape, which first occurred in adolescence through social relations involving alcohol, drugs, or filming. Profile 2 mainly comprised survivors of both rape and physical sexual harassment by close relations, such as family members or relatives, more than once. Profile 3 mainly comprised survivors of sexual harassment by strangers or social relations. Statistically significant differences were suggested in the psych-behavioral outcomes of the profiles compared with the non-victim group. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of examining experiences of sexual violence in a multifaceted manner. This approach may provide more effective interventions for survivors and allow clinicians to gain an in-depth understanding of sexual victimization in children and adolescents while also increasing the understanding of potential psycho-behavioral consequences.

Anemia is a common cause of referrals to gastroenterologists. Only a small number of anemia cases result from vascular abnormalities. Visceral artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms are rare forms of vascular disease that have significant potential for rupture, resulting in potentially life-threatening hemorrhaging. We present the case of a 70-year-old female patient with a pseudoaneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery complicated with rupture, who had no abdominal pain and only anemia.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Anemia* ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, False* ; Arteries ; Female ; Humans ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior* ; Referral and Consultation ; Rupture* ; Vascular Diseases

Metformin, commonly prescribed for type 2 diabetes, is considered safe with minimal side-effect. Acute pancreatitis is rare but potentially fatal adverse side-effect of metformin. We report a patient on hemodialysis with metformin-related acute pancreatitis and lactic acidosis. A 62-year-old woman with diabetic nephropathy and hypertension presented with nausea and vomiting for a few weeks, followed by epigastric pain. At home, the therapy of 500 mg/day metformin and 50 mg/day sitagliptin was continued, despite symptoms. Laboratory investigations showed metabolic acidosis with high levels of lactate, amylase at 520 U/L (range, 30-110 U/L), and lipase at 1,250 U/L (range, 23-300 U/L). Acute pancreatitis was confirmed by computed tomography. No recognized cause of acute pancreatitis was identified. Metformin was discontinued. Treatment with insulin and intravenous fluids resulted in normalized amylase, lipase, and lactate. When she was re-exposed to sitagliptin, no symptoms were reported.
Acidosis ; Acidosis, Lactic* ; Amylases ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Insulin ; Lactic Acid ; Lipase ; Metformin* ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Pancreatitis* ; Renal Dialysis* ; Sitagliptin Phosphate ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Nowadays importance of growth factors in wound healing is being focused. Wound healing can be accelerated by various growth factors. Wound healing cascade consists of inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) helps proliferation of fibroblast and promotes angiogenesis and formation of granulation tissue through proliferative phase. We investigated the effect of recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor Fiblast(R) (Kaken Pharmaceutical, Japan) on second degree burns. METHODS: 57 patients from July 2009 to September 2009 with second degree burn were treated with bFGF. Average age, sex, cause of burn, depth of burn, location of wound, epithelization period and number of operation were studied. Recombinant bFGF was used with spraying. The bFGT was sprayed and wait for 30 seconds and then foam dressing was applied to wounds. The bFGF administration continued until the wound healed. RESULTS: The average healing time in the bFGF-treated group was 8.4+/-2.2 days (4~14 days). Among 57 patients, 19 patients had superficial second degree burn and the average healing time in the bFGF-treated group was 7.2+/-1.5 days (4~9 days), 30 patients had deep second degree burn and the average healing time in the bFGF-treated group was 11.2+/-1.7 days (9~14 days). 20 patients had deep second degree burn and were clinically considered to get operation during hospital course but eventually 8 of patients (40%) with deep second degree burn treated with bFGF underwent operation. CONCLUSION: The use of bFGF for second-degree burns decreased the wound healing time. Especially the use of bFGF decreased the rate of getting operation in deep second degree burn and increased the convenience of treatment.
Bandages ; Biological Dressings ; Burns ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Fibroblasts ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Wound Healing

Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a non-epithelial neoplasm of plasma cell origin that does not accompany a systemic spread. Only a few cases of this disease developed in the temporal bone have been reported so far. This case report describes an unusual case of solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the temporal bone that mimicked a large jugular foramen tumor with hypoglossal canal involvement. The tumor was diagnosed by a biopsy from the external auditory canal at the outpatient clinic, and effectively controlled with primary radiotherapy. Based on our experience, when a jugular foramen tumor is suspected, such as in the case of extramedullary plasmacytoma, a biopsy for pathologic investigation should be considered whenever necessary in order to distinguish lesions that may not require nonsurgical treatment.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Biopsy ; Ear Canal ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmacytoma* ; Radiotherapy ; Temporal Bone