Objective: Extant studies indicate that just one characteristic of sexual assault cannot properly represent the whole experience of sexual assault and, especially, the severity of sexual assault. This study aimed to understand the totality of sexual assault experiences and elucidate subtypes of sexual assault victims based on the detailed characteristics of their sexual assault experiences and those relationships with mental health. Methods: A total of 255 adult sexual violence victims who used intervention services and a comparison group were included. Information on their sexual assault experiences was gleaned from case records data. Results: The following four distinctive profile groups were identified: “Sexual Touching” (19.6%), “Rape/Social Relation” (30.4%), “Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)” (18.8%), and “Rape/Stranger” (31.3%). The subgroups differed in terms of secondary victimization and adverse childhood experiences. The Rape/Social Relation and IPV subgroups most frequently experienced secondary victimization and childhood adversity. The four profile subgroups demonstrated different relationships with mental health outcomes, with a complicated pattern. The Rap/Social Relation and IPV subgroups scored higher on mental health problem screening measures compared to other groups. However, a considerable proportion of victims in the Sexual Touching subgroup also reported suicidal behaviors and self-injury. Conclusion Based on the results, theoretical and clinical implications were discussed.

Objective: Extant studies indicate that just one characteristic of sexual assault cannot properly represent the whole experience of sexual assault and, especially, the severity of sexual assault. This study aimed to understand the totality of sexual assault experiences and elucidate subtypes of sexual assault victims based on the detailed characteristics of their sexual assault experiences and those relationships with mental health. Methods: A total of 255 adult sexual violence victims who used intervention services and a comparison group were included. Information on their sexual assault experiences was gleaned from case records data. Results: The following four distinctive profile groups were identified: “Sexual Touching” (19.6%), “Rape/Social Relation” (30.4%), “Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)” (18.8%), and “Rape/Stranger” (31.3%). The subgroups differed in terms of secondary victimization and adverse childhood experiences. The Rape/Social Relation and IPV subgroups most frequently experienced secondary victimization and childhood adversity. The four profile subgroups demonstrated different relationships with mental health outcomes, with a complicated pattern. The Rap/Social Relation and IPV subgroups scored higher on mental health problem screening measures compared to other groups. However, a considerable proportion of victims in the Sexual Touching subgroup also reported suicidal behaviors and self-injury. Conclusion Based on the results, theoretical and clinical implications were discussed.

Secondary acute leukemia is a rare and fatal complication after the treatment of breast cancer. Recently, we experienced 2 cases of acute leukemia that had developed during the follow-up period after adjuvant therapy of breast cancer. In addition, retrospective analysis of medical records of St. Mary's hospital, the Catholic University of Korea, revealed another 5 cases of secondary leukemia following the treatment of breast cancer. Total 7 cases of secondary acute leukemia of breast cancer were reviewed and summarized according to their clinical characteristics. The mean age at diagnosis of primary breast cancer was 38.9 years (range, 16-49), and the average period from the completion of chemotherapy to the diagnosis of acute leukemia was 30.9 months (range, 11-40). The mean survival period of the 7 patients after diagnosis of leukemia was 4.6 months. Based on these findings, the risk of secondary leukemia following the treatment of breast should be considered in choosing chemotherapy and radiotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer especially in the young patients.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies

Secondary acute leukemia is a rare and fatal complication after the treatment of breast cancer. Recently, we experienced 2 cases of acute leukemia that had developed during the follow-up period after adjuvant therapy of breast cancer. In addition, retrospective analysis of medical records of St. Mary's hospital, the Catholic University of Korea, revealed another 5 cases of secondary leukemia following the treatment of breast cancer. Total 7 cases of secondary acute leukemia of breast cancer were reviewed and summarized according to their clinical characteristics. The mean age at diagnosis of primary breast cancer was 38.9 years (range, 16-49), and the average period from the completion of chemotherapy to the diagnosis of acute leukemia was 30.9 months (range, 11-40). The mean survival period of the 7 patients after diagnosis of leukemia was 4.6 months. Based on these findings, the risk of secondary leukemia following the treatment of breast should be considered in choosing chemotherapy and radiotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer especially in the young patients.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Hyperparathyroidism* ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Plasma Cells* ; Plasma*

To verify the spectrum of CD99-expressing lymphoid malignancy, an immunohistochemical study for CD99 was carried out in 182 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, including 21 lymphoblastic lymphomas, 11 small lymphocytic lymphomas, 9 mantle cell lymphomas, 12 follicular lymphomas, 37 diffuse large B cell lymphomas, 18 Burkitt's lymphomas, 28 NK/T-cell lymphomas, 8 angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas, 23 peripheral T-cell lymphomas, unspecified, and 15 systemic anaplastic large cell lymphomas. CD99 was positive in all T-lymphoblastic lymphomas and in 60% of B-lymphoblastic lymphomas. Majority of T and NK cell lymphomas were negative for CD99, except anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs). Eight of 15 cases (54%) of ALCLs reacted with anti CD99 antibody. Seven of 10 (70%) ALK positive ALCLs expressed CD99, whereas only 1 of 5 (20%) ALK negative ALCLs were positive. Of the mature B-cell lymphomas, 5.4% (2/37) of diffuse large B cell lymphomas and 11.1% (2/18) of Burkitt's lymphomas expressed CD99. In conclusion, CD99 is infrequently expressed in mature B and T cell lymphomas, except ALK-positive ALCL. High expression of CD99 in ALK-positive ALCL is unexpected finding and its biologic and clinical significances have yet to be clarified.
Antigens, CD/*metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/*metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell/enzymology/*immunology/pathology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/enzymology/*immunology/pathology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinase/immunology/*metabolism

No abstract available.
Humans ; Incidence ; Tuberculosis

BACKGROUND: Dendritic cells (DCs) are increasingly being utilized for anti-cancer immunotherapy. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts are able to generate leukemia-derived DC. Advances in culture techniques and AML-DC characterization justify possible clinical applications. We investigated the ability of AML, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and biphenotypic acute leukemia (BAL) blasts to differentiate into DCs in vitro and the qualified function of the leukemia-derived DCs. METHODS: Leukemia cells from 11 patients with AML, 3 patients with ALL and 2 patients with BAL were cultured with GM-CSF, IL-4 and with or without SCF. Cultured leukemia cells were evaluated by phenotype, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), cytokine production and cytotoxic T cell (CTL) inducing activity. RESULTS: DCs were generated with GM-CSF and IL-4 from the leukemic blasts in 72% of the AML patient cells. MHC class I/II, CD11c and ICAM-1 were highly expressed in the AML-derived DCs. MLR and enzyme linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays demonstrated that AML-DCs were able to induce T cell proliferation and activation into IFN-gamma secreting effector cells. The ALL blasts from two out of three patients differentiated into DCs with MHC class I/II+, CD11c+ only in the presence of GM-CSF, SCF and IL-4 for 14 days. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that functionallyactive DCs can be differentiated from AML blasts using GM-GSF and IL-4 and ALL, BAL blasts were differentiated into DCs only under stem cell-DC culture conditions.
Cell Proliferation ; Culture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; Interleukin-4 ; Leukemia* ; Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Phenotype ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

BACKGROUND: The identification of genetic abnormalities in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has gained emphasis because genetics-based risk stratification significantly affects overall survival (OS). We investigated genetic abnormalities using conventional cytogenetics and FISH and analyzed the prognostic significance of the identified additional abnormalities in MM. METHODS: In total, 267 bone marrow samples were collected from February 2006 to November 2013 from patients who were newly diagnosed as having MM in a tertiary-care hospital in Korea. The clinical and laboratory data were retrospectively obtained. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to examine the relationship between clinical/genetic factors and survival outcome, using univariate and multivariate models. RESULTS: Using conventional cytogenetic analysis and FISH, 45% (120/267) and 69% (183/267) patients, respectively, were identified to harbor genetic abnormalities. In the univariate analysis, the following genetic variables were identified to affect OS: abnormal karyotype (P < 0.001), aneuploidy (P=0.046), −13 or del(13q) (P=0.002), 1q amplification (P < 0.001), and t(4;14) (P=0.020). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of −13 or del(13q) was the only significant genetic factor affecting OS (P=0.012) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.131 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.185–3.832) in addition to the clinical factor of age (>65 years) (P=0.013) with an HR of 2.505 (95% CI, 1.218–5.151). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the importance of applying a comprehensive approach for detecting genetic abnormalities, which could be closely associated with the prognostic significance of MM.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Aneuploidy ; Bone Marrow ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Cytogenetics ; Humans ; Korea ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

The purpose of this study was to develop a brief rating scale of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among sexual violence victims. We analyzed the data from 195 victims and 220 non-victims to select meaningful items from the original PTSD rating scales. We also examined the validity of the brief scale by assessing internal consistency and ROC curves. The optimal cutoff scores for each brief scales were obtained. The results showed that a different approach may be required for early intervention in different age groups.
Early Intervention (Education) ; Humans ; ROC Curve ; Sex Offenses ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; Weights and Measures