The population under study was selected from Cua Dong, Thanh Luong precinct and Yen So commune (Ha Noi city) and Ben Thanh, Nha Be and Can Gio (Ho Chi Minh city); with the total of 594 subjects (200 from rural areas, 196 from suburbs and 198 persons from urban areas). The results: the total value of serum fatty acid varied from 2719 +/- 935 to 4174 +/- 1421 g/ml: out of which the lowest values were observed in rural population and the highest ones were among HaNoi inhabitants. It was also found that in both surveyed areas, the percentage of monounsaturated fatty acid was remarkably higher in rural areas. However, inversely the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acid was higher among urban population.
Serum ; Fatty Acids

Saturated fatty acid with 12-16 carbon and trans- monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) have stimulating effects while polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and cis-MUFA have inhibiting effects on atherogenesis. Besides, n-3 PUFA shows its effective antithrombogenesis. For the prevention of cardiovascular disease in Vietnamese people, the indices of atherogenesis and thrombogenesis, as well as the n-6/n-3 ratio of Vietnamese diet had better to be recommended to reduce by higher consumption of fishes, vegetable oils rich in n-3, algae and plankton.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Fatty Acids

The dietary fat and fatty acid influenced the process of arteriosclerosis and thrombosis. Current Vietnamese diet contains the low fat and protein, and high salt and carbohydrate. In order to prevent from arteriosclerosis and thrombosis, it should strengthen the fat in the diet concomitantly improve the quality of fat as trend of reduction of AI, TI index and n-6/n-3 ratio.
Dietary Fats ; cardiovascular disease

Background: This study aimed to identify the location of the optic foramen in relation to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall, which is essential information for surgeons in planning and performing endoscopic transnasal surgery. Methods: Computed tomography scans of 200 orbits from 100 adult patients with no abnormalities were examined. The results included the location of the optic foramen in relation to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall and the distance between them, as well as the distance from the optic foramen and the anterior sphenoid sinus wall to the carotid prominence in the posterior sphenoid sinus. Results: The optic foramen was anterior to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall in 48.5% of orbits, and posterior in the remaining 51.5%. The mean distance from the optic foramen to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall was 3.82 ± 1.25 mm. The mean distances from the optic foramen and the anterior sphenoid sinus wall to the carotid prominence were 7.67 ± 1.73 and 7.95 ± 2.53 mm, respectively. Conclusion The optic foramen was anterior to the anterior wall of the sphenoid sinus in approximately half of the orbits examined in this study, and posterior in the remaining half. The mean distance from the optic foramen to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall of the sphenoid sinus was 3.82 ± 1.25 mm.

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and subsequent lockdowns impacted the mental health of numerous sociodemographic groups globally. This crisis can produce stress, overwhelm, and powerful emotions in susceptible people, especially older persons. Our study examined the relationship between well-being and fear of COVID-19 among older persons residing in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, during the pandemic. A sociodemographic survey was undertaken. Two scales are used for a month of the COVID-19 outbreak: the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). We surveyed 158 senior citizens in Ho Chi Minh City between February and April 2021. There was no lockdown in Ho Chi Minh before the fourth wave of infection. Despite this, citizens have maintained high compliance with coronavirus prophylaxis. Sociodemographic data were described using descriptive statistics. A one-way MANOVA assessed the financial impact on older individuals' well-being. The Pearson correlation was employed to find the link between happiness and COVID-19 dread. During the COVID-19 pandemic, older persons who received various monthly allowances had statistically significant emotional and psychological well-being differences. There was no association between well-being and COVID-19 dread. The COVID-19 epidemic has disproportionately affected vulnerable groups. Older individuals are a risk population that requires material and mental care.

ABSTRACT This study aims to compare the effect of fTCP-contained toothpaste in combination with 950 ppm fluoride on primary dentin caries surface to ordinary 1100 ppm fluoride toothpaste by using estimation statistics. Dental caries with deep lesion and dentin exposure from nine primary teeth were cut into two equal parts and randomly divided into two groups in a before-after study. Each group was brushed with one type of toothpaste two times per day for 28 days and rested in artificial saliva. SEM images of cavity bottom surfaces and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) were used to determine the percentage of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), fluoride (F) and oxygen (O) at six continuous measured areas from the surface of the cavity bottom into 45 µm depth before and after brushing. About 95% confidence interval of the mean difference was calculated by performing bootstrap resampling with 5000 resamples followed by comparison analysis. The percentage of Ca, P, F, O was shifted after treatment. There was no difference between the two groups. The SEM images reflected a similar illustration of EDX data. The combination of fTCP and 950 ppm fluoride in toothpaste showed equivalent effectiveness to the 1100 ppm fluoride toothpaste in primary dentin caries.
Fluorosis, Dental ; Dental Caries