Herpes zoster is generally believed to be caused by the activation of varicella-zoster virus present in the body since an original infection with varicella. According to the thesis, the virus remairis in a latent state in the cells of the sensory ganglia until immunity has waned sufficiently to pezmit multiplication of the virus and clinical infection. There are a number of reports that in patient with malignant disease, especially Jymphoma, a frequenry af association of zoster is greater and severity of its symptom is increased to be marked contrast to the benign uneventful course of zoster seen in healthy person. The author observed one case of zoster seen in patient with malignant disorder, and frequency of association of zoster in malignant disease and its etiological factors are reviewed in the literature.
Chickenpox ; Ganglia, Sensory ; Herpes Zoster* ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin*

Grave's disease is an autoimmune disorder and affects thyroid gland and orbit. Ocular manifestations of this disease, referred to as Grave's ophthalmopathy are caused by deposition of antithyroglobulin immune complexes into extraocular muscles and orbital fats. Consequent increase in volume of orbital contents results in exopthalmos. Severe exopthalmos results in several significant visual consequences as follows: exposure keratitis, diplopia and optic neuropathy. Orbital decompression for Grave's ophthalmopathy has traditionally been performed through either an external or a transantral approach. The advent of intranasal endoscopes allowed for the development of a transnasal approach for medial and inferior orbital wall decompression. Recently, the authors experienced a case of Grave's ophthalmopathy complicated with exposure keratitis and performed endoscopic transnasal orbital decompression, so report this case with a review of literature.
Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Decompression* ; Diplopia ; Endoscopes ; Fats ; Keratitis ; Muscles ; Optic Nerve Diseases ; Orbit* ; Thyroid Gland

No abstract available.
Hemorrhoidectomy* ; Hemorrhoids* ; Ligation* ; Rubber*

PURPOSE: The present study investigated the impact of 2 different suture techniques, the conventional crossed mattress suture (X suture) and the novel hidden X suture, for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with an open healing approach. METHODS: This study was a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Fourteen patients requiring extraction of the maxillary or mandibular posterior teeth were enrolled and allocated into 2 groups. After extraction, demineralized bovine bone matrix mixed with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) was grafted and the socket was covered by porcine collagen membrane in a double-layer fashion. No attempt to obtain primary closure was made. The hidden X suture and conventional X suture techniques were performed in the test and control groups, respectively. Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images were taken immediately after the graft procedure and before implant surgery 4 months later. Additionally, the change in the mucogingival junction (MGJ) position was measured and was compared after extraction, after suturing, and 4 months after the operation. RESULTS: All sites healed without any complications. Clinical evaluations showed that the MGJ line shifted to the lingual side immediately after the application of the X suture by 1.56±0.90 mm in the control group, while the application of the hidden X suture rather pushed the MGJ line slightly to the buccal side by 0.25±0.66 mm. It was demonstrated that the amount of keratinized tissue (KT) preserved on the buccal side was significantly greater in the hidden X suture group 4 months after the procedure (P<0.05). Radiographic analysis showed that the hidden X suture had a significant effect in preserving horizontal width and minimizing vertical reduction in comparison to X suture (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study provided clinical and radiographic verification of the efficacy of the hidden X suture in preserving the width of KT and the dimensions of the alveolar ridge after ARP.
Alveolar Process* ; Bone Matrix ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Resorption ; Collagen ; Humans ; Membranes ; Prospective Studies ; Suture Techniques* ; Sutures* ; Tooth ; Tooth Extraction ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans* ; Micromanipulation* ; Pregnancy Rate* ; Pregnancy*

The wrist joint is composed of midcarpal, radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joints. It is difficult to analyze the motion of these joints by the simple roentgenogram. We reconstructed three dimensional images of the wrist and distal radius from computerized tomogram using a new interactive graphics software written in Pascal and Turbo Graphic. There were 10 normal wrists in neutral position, and two normal and one abnormal wrists in ulnar-radial deviation and one normal wrist in flexion-extension were analyzed in this study. For simplification, the images were reformatted for the scaphoid, the proximal carpal row, the distal carpal row and the distal radius. We established the three dimensional references for wrist by defining the Z axis as the long axis of radius, the X axis as a line which is in horizontal plane and parallel to the anterior cortex of distal radius about 2 cm proximal to the articular surface and the Y axis as the automatically defined line perpendicular to both X and Z axes. We measured the angles between the X-axis and the reference lines of scaphoid and each carpal rows. The scaphoid was internally rotated by 60,0 degrees from X axis, the proximal carpal row by 7.0 degrees and the distal carpal row by 25.6 degrees each. There was only minimal change in the angles during the ulnar and radial deviation. The pattern of angles in abnormal wrist was different from those in normal wrists. In flexion-extension, the angle of distal carpal row was changed significantly, which means there was some error in selecting the reference line of distal carpal row as an axis of motion, or in measuring the angles, or it can be suggested that there is some rotational motion of distal carpal row on the Z axis. The proximal poles of the scaphoid and the triquetrum were displaced ventrally during flexion and dorsally during extension.
Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Joints ; Radius ; Wrist Joint ; Wrist

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of microthreads on removal torque and bone-to-implant contact (BIC). METHODS: Twelve miniature pigs for each experiment, a total of 24 animals, were used. In the removal torque analysis, each animal received 2 types of implants in each tibia, which were treated with sandblasting and acid etching but with or without microthreads at the marginal portion. The animals were sacrificed after 4, 8, or 12 weeks of healing. Each subgroup consisted of 4 animals, and the tibias were extracted and removal torque was measured. In the BIC analysis, each animal received 3 types of implants. Two types of implants were used for the removal torque test and another type of implant served as the control. The BIC experiment was conducted in the mandible of the animals. The P1-M1 teeth were extracted, and after a 4-month healing period, 3 each of the 2 types of implants were placed, with one type on each side of the mandible, for a total of 6 implants per animal. The animals were sacrificed after a 2-, 4-, or 8-week healing period. Each subgroup consisted of 4 animals. The mandibles were extracted, specimens were processed, and BIC was analyzed. RESULTS: No significant difference in removal torque value or BIC was found between implants with and without microthreads. The removal torque value increased between 4 and 8 weeks of healing for both types of implants, but there was no significant difference between 8 and 12 weeks. The percentage of BIC increased between 2 and 4 weeks for all types of implants, but there was no significant difference between 4 and 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The existence of microthreads was not a significant factor in mechanical and histological stability.
Animals ; Biomechanics ; Dental Implants ; Mandible ; Osseointegration ; Swine ; Tibia ; Tooth ; Torque

BACKGROUND: The bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS) is one of the primary palliative procedures for complex congenital heart disease. It has many advantages, but it is known to have high risks in young infants. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From 1995 to 2003, 48 infants under the age of one year underwent BCPS. All the patients were Fontan candidates due to functional univentricular heart physiology. There were no significant differences in preoperative variables, except in mean age (67.58+/-3.78 vs. 212.91+/-13.44 days), and mean body weight (4.51+/-0.29 vs. 6.62+/-0.27 kg), between group A (<3 months, n=12) and group B (> or=3 months, n=36). RESULT: In group A, the arterial oxygen saturations serially measured were significantly lower. Hospital mortality was 25%, and 19%, respectively. During follow up, there were 2 late mortalities in group A, and 5 in group B. CONCLUSION: This study showed that operative risk in young infants was comparable to that of older patients, and BCPS could be a good option as a primary palliative procedure, and may eliminate other repeated palliative procedures which could be the risk factors for Fontan candidates. However, in high-risk patients accompanying pulmonary hypertension, or heterotaxia syndrome, other palliative procedures should be considered.
Anastomosis, Surgical ; Body Weight ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fontan Procedure ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Infant* ; Mortality ; Oxygen ; Physiology ; Risk Factors

The authors report a case of growing fracture of the skull, also called as leptomeningeal cyst, in a young boy who presented with symptoms of skull defect, headache, and pulsating mass on right posterior parietal area. Successful duroplasty and cranioplasty with autogenous bone were performed resulting in disappearance of all symptoms. The most significant factor contributing to the growing fracture is an underlying dura tear. A brief review of the relevant literature is also presented.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Rabeprazole ; Skull*

The authors report a case of growing fracture of the skull, also called as leptomeningeal cyst, in a young boy who presented with symptoms of skull defect, headache, and pulsating mass on right posterior parietal area. Successful duroplasty and cranioplasty with autogenous bone were performed resulting in disappearance of all symptoms. The most significant factor contributing to the growing fracture is an underlying dura tear. A brief review of the relevant literature is also presented.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Rabeprazole ; Skull*