No abstract available.

To evaluate the progress of clinical and histopathological changes of dermat ophytosis caused by M. gypseum, its inoculation study was done in 16 male New Zealand white rabbits(control: 4, innoculation : l2). The results were as follows . Clinically Initial erythema, scales, and crusts developed in 1 week after inoculation. They reached maximum severity on the 14th to 18th day and disappeared on the 25th to 44th day after inoculation. I-Iist,opathologically : The earliest findings were mild focal acanthosis and for al vascular ilatations and cellular infiltrations of the papillary dermis on the 4th day after inoculation. Their severity increased to the moderate degree until the. 8th day when mild hyperkeratosis was notec1, and lasted to the 13th day, Maximum degree of the findings including parakiratosis, intraepidermal microabscesses and middermal changes was seen on the 16th to 22nd day, and disapveared gradually between the 25th day and the 46th day. Hyphae and spores were founil on the PAS stainings until the 22nd clay. M. gypseum was not cultured from the lesions after the 25th day. seven of 10 rabbits injected intradermally with trichophytons became positive in 2 to 4 weeks after inoculation. All these findings suggest that the maximum inflammatory response is the result of immunologic reaction and the increased epidermal turnover rate may play a. major role in the shedding of remained fungi of the horny layer.
Dermis ; Erythema ; Fungi ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Male ; Microsporum* ; New Zealand ; Rabbits* ; Spores ; Trichophyton ; Weights and Measures

Leiomyosarcoma arising in the skin is rare tumor, and diagnosis usually is made microscopically. After local excision, these lesions recur in large proportion of pat ients. The authors herein report a 53-year-old male with leiomyosarcoma appeared in the skin of the right forearm and presenting as a dark reddish colored, 5*6cm in diameter, superficial ulcerated single firm nodule with intermittent pain. Histopathological examination showed poorly circumscribed tumor consisting of interlacing bundles of spindle shaped smooth muscle cells in the middle and lower parts of the dermis. The nuclei were hyperchromatic, large, vacuolated, and irregular in shape. Electron microscopic findings revealed cytoplasmic organelles such as rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of malignant smooth muscle cells in the paranuclear area, Characteristic subsarcoelmmal caveolae and dense plaque were noted and myofilaments were distributed in the peripheral cytoplasm. The tumor did not recur in 10 months' follow-up.
Caveolae ; Cytoplasm ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forearm ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitochondria ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Myofibrils ; Organelles ; Skin* ; Ulcer

Zonisamide was administered to 20 patients with refractory epileptic seizures. The mean duration of the administration was 6 months, and the mean dosage was 7.2 mg/kg/day. The efficacy of zonisamide was rated remarkable in 15% of the cases, improvement in 40%, and no change in 45%. The response rates of zonisamide were 62.5% for myoclonic seizures, 50% for tonic-clonic seizures, 80% for atonic seizures and 33.3% for atypical absence seizures. There was no correlation between the clinical response and dose or serum concentration of the drug. The adverse effects were observed in 35% of the cases which were drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, nausea, and vomiting. In all cases, however, the administration of zonisamide could be continued.
Ataxia ; Child* ; Dizziness ; Epilepsy* ; Epilepsy, Absence ; Humans ; Nausea ; Seizures ; Sleep Stages ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Traumatic brain injury is a multifaceted injury that involves direct mechanical damage, intraparenchymal and subarachnoid hemorrhage, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, excitotoxicity, and ischemia. Even though much investigations were performed, acceptable mechanical informations were rare. The aim of this study was to reveal the expression pattern of intermediate filament proteins associated with gliotic scars in cerebral cortex of rats after cryoinjury. METHODS: A total of 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300 g, 2 months old, were used throughout the experiments. To injure the brain, rats were anesthetized for surgery with 3.5% chloral hydrate(1 mL/100 g, intraperitoneally); the frontal bones were exposed by elevating the skin; and craniectomies were performed adjacent to the central suture, midway between lambda and bregma. A cryoinjury was then created by applying a cold probe(3-mm-diameter steel rod chilled in liquid nitrogen) to the left frontal cortex(ipsilateral cortex) for 1 min. Rats were sacrificed at 1, 4, 7 and 14 days postsurgery(n=3, per time point), and three rats were sacrificed as normal controls. Serial brain cryosections were made by cryostat. For immunohistochemistry, brain tissue sections were allowed to react with mouse anti-rat GFAP antibody(1:200), mouse anti-rat vimentin antibody(1: 200), and mouse anti-rat nestin antibody(1:200). RESULTS:Reactive astrocytes expressing GFAP, vimentin and nestin appeared for the first time at 6 hours after cryoinjury. Proliferation of GFAP and nestin positive cells started at 1 day after cryoinjury, reached its maximum on day 4, and returned to normal level after the 7th post-injured day. Proliferation of vimentin positive cells started at 1 day after cryoinjury, reached its maximum on day 4, and returned to normal level after the 14th post-injured day. Characteristic morphological changes in reactive astrocytes were seen at 4 days after cryoinjury. CONCLUSION: The above results suggest that GFAP, vimentin and nestin positive cells attend in the formation of gliotic scars.
Animals ; Astrocytes ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Cerebral Cortex ; Chloral Hydrate ; Cicatrix ; Cold Temperature ; Frontal Bone ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; Intermediate Filaments ; Ischemia ; Male ; Mice ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Steel ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Sutures ; Vimentin

No abstract available.
Drainage* ; Prognosis*

Percutaneous endoscopic surgery for the treatment of upper urinary tract stone or stricture has proved less invasive, reliable and safe with results comparable to open surgery. Because this contains many procedures, however, one can expect complications at some extents. Between 1987 and 1994, 410 percutaneous endoscopic procedures - PNL (330 cases), endopyelotomy (40 cases), endoinfundibulotomy (24 cases), endoureterotomy (10 cases), nephropexy (6 cases) - were performed by three operators in one hospital. The incidence of complication was evaluated and compared statistically. Overall complication rates were 23.6% and there was no mortality. Bleeding necessitating transfusion (7.6%) and fever (7.1%) were the most frequent complications. Other complications included renal pelvis or ureteral perforation (6.8%), paralytic ileus (2.9%), sepsis (0.7%), pneumothorax (0.7%), stent migration (0.7%), atelectasis (0.2%), ureteral stricture (0.2%), colon perforation (0.2%). Surgical interventions for the management of complication included nephrectomy (2 cases) for uncontrolled bleeding, and open repair for colon perforation (1 case). Renal artery embolization stopped the delayed bleeding in one case. Data on complications occurring before and after the first 50 cases indicated a statistically significant decrease in complications (p<0.005). These complications could be attributed to inexperience, improper technique, underlying pathologic conditions, and anatomic variants. As might be expected, the complication rate was much lower on later cases according to the increasing experience and improved technique. Based on our accumulated experience, the experience with more than 50 procedures could be needed to minimize complications.
Colon ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Endoscopy ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Incidence ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Kidney Pelvis ; Mortality ; Nephrectomy ; Pneumothorax ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Renal Artery ; Sepsis ; Stents ; Ureter ; Urinary Calculi

No abstract available.
Extremities* ; Osteogenesis* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
DNA Topoisomerases* ; DNA*

PURPOSE: Minimally invasive donor nephrectomy has become a favored procedure for kidney transplantation. To compare the outcomes of kidneys procured using open donor nephrectomy (ODN), laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) and hand-assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (HALDN). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 243 patients were included in the study. 177 HALDN and 24 LDN patients were compared with 42 ODN patients. The operation times, warm ischemic times, transfusions, times to regular diet, post-operation hospital stays, analgesics use, post-operation serum creatinine, complications, graft functions and survivals were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean operation times were 197+/-43, 213+/-32.7 and 189+/-28.2 minutes for HALDN, LDN and ODN, respectively. The warm ischemic times were 175+/-76.7, 174+/-67.5 and 135+/-25.4 seconds for HALDN, LDN and ODN, respectively. The mean post-operation hospital stays were shorter for the HALDN and LDN than for ODN. There were no significant differences between the three groups in terms of the times to regular diet. The graft survivals were 98, 96 and 97.6% in the HALDN, LDN and ODN, respectively. The postoperative serum creatinine levels of the recipients showed no differences between the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: HALDN and LDN are technically feasible, and appear to be safe and effective for live-donor transplantation. Evaluation of the HALDN and LDN showed less pain, a more rapid recovery and minimal cosmetic disfigurement than the ODN. The recipient graft functions were also similar in the laparoscopic and open surgery groups. Therefore, HALDN and LDN may result in increased acceptance of the donor operation and expand the pool of potential kidney donors.
Analgesics ; Creatinine ; Diet ; Graft Survival ; Hand ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Nephrectomy* ; Tissue Donors* ; Transplants ; Warm Ischemia