No abstract available.
Nevus, Pigmented* ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Interleukin-4* ; Mice*

The authors experienced a case of gastroduodenojejunal trichobezoar detected by ultrasongraphic examination. We thought that tricholbezoar had relatively specific ultrasonographic findings such as a broad hyperechogenic superficial bandlike rim with a complete posteior sonic shadowing and multiple linear echogenic strands on its surface representing hairs, which were better seen after water ingestion. So we were able to get the correct diagnosis of trichobezoar prior to conventional barium studies in a patient who could not be suspected suspected clinically.
Barium ; Bezoars* ; Diagnosis ; Eating ; Hair ; Humans ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Ultrasonography* ; Water

No abstract available.
Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*

No abstract available.
Adenoma* ; Ear*

Despite the low incidence of adrenal involvement from renal cell carcinoma, ipsilateral adrenalectomy continues to be a standard part of radical nephrectomy at most medical centers. We reviewed retrospectively 51 patients treated with standard radical nephrectomy and 36 patients treated with modified radical nephrectomy sparing the ipsilateral adrenal gland. Histopathology confirmed malignant involvement of the adrenal in one patient who had evidence of adrenal involvement on the preoperative CT scan, and 50 patients who were normal on the preoperative CT scan didn`t have malignancy on their adrenal specimens. There were no malignant involvement of the adrenal on follow-up CT scan in 36 patients treated with sparing their adrenal and didn`t affected their prognosis and survival. These findings suggest that the ipsilateral adrenal gland need not be removed routinely as part of perifascial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. For patients with middle and lower pole localized renal cell carcinoma who have normal findings on preoperative CT scans, modified radical nephrectomy sparing the adrenal gland may be a surgical alternative to radical nephrectomy.
Adrenal Glands ; Adrenalectomy* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nephrectomy* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the most common neurologic emergencies in children requiring immediate aggressive intervention. Despite advances in treatment of this condition, SE is still associated with a significant morbidity and mortality. To evaluate etiology and neurologic outcome of SE is very important for improving the methods of evaluation and management of SE as well as decreasing morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 98 children aged 1 month to 15 years who were admitted to our department of pediatrics from January, 1992 to December, 1998. We analyzed age distribution, etiology, seizure type, abnormalities of EEG and brain MRI, and neurologic outcome. We try to find any coherence between neurologic sequelae and clinical factors. RESULTS: The incidence was high in toddler age, especially younger than 3 years old (67.4%). Generalized convulsive SE was the most common type (67.3%), and 54.1% of children with SE which was the first seizure episode. Major etiology of SE in young children younger than 3 years old were febrile convulsion (54.5%) and acute symptomatic causes (22.7%). Neurologic sequelae were left in 21.4% and the mortality rate was 7.1%. The neurologic complications were highly associated with the underlying causes and the seizure durations, especially over 2 hour seizures left in 75% complications. The mortality and neurologic sequelae were higher in acute symptomatic SE than other causes. Febrile SE had usually benign course, but in four in our cases showed neurologic sequale it shows 4 neurologic sequelae cases. CONCLUSION: SE is a life-threatening neurologic condition and especially occurs in young children. The early detection of seizure etiology and aggressive management are the essential factors to decrease the mortality and morbidity rates.
Age Distribution ; Brain ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mortality ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile ; Status Epilepticus*

Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola is a rare condition. We report a case of hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola occurrinp in man with no underlying endocrirop thy or synthetic estrogenic drug therapy. The patient was not associated with epidermal nevus orichthyosis and so fitted into the nevoid form of hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola. The clinical appearance and histological findings of the lesion were the same as those reported before. He showed a slight improvement in the color and hyperkeratcsis of the nipple and areola with 6 months use of a topical keratolytic agent and corticosteroid crearn.
Drug Therapy ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Nevus ; Nipples*

Intentional delay of aftercoming siblings in multiple gestation is an infrequent occurrence in obstetrics. After delivery of an immature twin, conventional treatment calls for induction and delivery of the aftercoming sibling. However, several case reports have documented the feasibility of an expectant management. And also, as in our case, an aggressive treatment consisting of cerclage, tocolysis, and broad-spectrum antibiotics has been shown to prolong pregnancy. We experienced an unavoidable delivery of a nonviable first twin after premature rupture of membranes at 16 weeks' of gestation. The placenta was left undisturbed. Twin B was confirmed to be alive within the intact second sac. Tocolysis was started and cervical cerclage was done directly after delivery of twin A. Pregnancy was successfully prolonged, which enabled the second fetus to remain in utero and grow for another 145 days. To our knowledge, this was the longest interval between deliveries in a twin pregnancy reported in the literature. A healthy 3,050 gm male was delivered by cesarean section at 37 weeks' of gestation. Below we present this case in detail and discussed with respect to the aggressive approach undertaken to prolong gestation.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cerclage, Cervical ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Male ; Membranes ; Obstetrics ; Placenta ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Rupture ; Siblings ; Tocolysis ; Twins*

A medullary fibroma is the most common tumor found in the renal medulla and is seen incidentally in necropsy, but the usual small size and benignancy make clinical detection extremely rare. We report two cases of unusual renal medullary fibroma, incidentally discovered and accompanied by gross hematuria respectively in both sex. Radical nephrectomy and radical ureteronephrectomy with bladder cuff excision were performed because suspected to be malignant renal and renal pelvis tumor in X-ray and clinically. Histological examination revealed renal medullary fibroma. The diagnostic limitation and therapeutic dilemma associated with this condition are discussed.
Fibroma* ; Hematuria ; Kidney Pelvis ; Nephrectomy ; Urinary Bladder