Since the pattern of the frequency distribution of a parasite within a host showed an overdispersed pattern, various statistical models such as Poisson, negative binomial and lognormal distributions have been applied on the population dynamics in host-parasite relations. The observed data on the number of metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in a suitable intermediate host, Pseudorasbora parva which were collected from an endemic area, Juk-Rim River, Kim-Hae Goon, South Kyong-Sang Do were applied on the statistical models. The results obtained are as follows: By the calculation of the raw data, 258(94.9 percent) out of 272 fish showed positive to the metacercarial infection of C. sinensis. The mean number of metacercaria in a fish was 335.1. The standard deviation was 250.6 and the mode was observed between 250 and 299. The frequency distribution pattern of metacercariae of C. sinensis within the fish host in surveyed area was fitted to the lognormal distribution (0.05 parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; metacercaria ; Pseudorasbora parva ; frequency distribution ; host

No abstract available.
Mass Screening* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

The authors evaluated ultrasonographic findings of 12 cases in thirty lymphangiomas which were provenpathologically or surgically at Wonju christian hospital fram Aug. 1978 to Apr. 1985. The results were as follows:1. The age distribution was 16 cases in first decade, 7 cases in 2nd decade, 2 cases in 3rd decade, 3 cases in 4thdecade, 2 cases in 7th decade. 2. The male to female ratio was 14:16. 3. The location of lymphangiomas were 14cases in head & neck, 8 cases in extrimity, 4 cases in back & chest, 4 cases in abdomen, and 1 case in scrotum. 4.The size of lymphangioma were variable, (2-20cm). 5. Ultrasonographic findings in 12 cases of lymphangioma werehypoechoic (12), eliptical(11), internal septation (8), and internal hyperechoic component(3).
Abdomen ; Age Distribution ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Head ; Humans ; Lymphangioma ; Male ; Neck ; Scrotum ; Thorax

PURPOSE: The accuracy of CT in the detection of injuries of the solid visceral organ is well established, but the value of CT in diagnosing small bowel rupture after abdominal trauma is controversal. This study was conducted to ascertain CT finding of small bowel rupture result from abdominal trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of preoperative abdominal CT findings in 40 patients was performed. Small bowel rupture was confirmed by surgery. Precontrast and postcontrast enhanced CT images were obtained in all patients. RESULTS: Diagnostic findings of small bowel rupture including pneumoperitoneum or retroperitoneal air, discontinuity of the bowel wall and extravasation of oral contrast materials were observed in 33 cases(83%). Intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal free air was seen in 31 cases(78%) and intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal free fluid collection was seen in 38 patients(95%). Small bowel wall was thickened in 31 cases(78%), bowel wall was enhanced in 12 cases(30%) and bowel wall discontinuity and extravasation of oral contrast material was seen in 5 cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: The CT scan is sensitive and effective modality for evaluation of small bowel rupture after abdominal trauma, because of high detectability of diagnostic and suggestive CT findings.
Contrast Media ; Humans ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Carotid Artery, Common* ; Rupture*

No abstract available.
Ear, Middle*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify pediatric nurses' attitudes to, and compliance with, standard precautions in the prevention of hospital infections by enhancing their practice of standard precautions. METHODS: The participants were 206 nurses who worked in pediatric nursing departments of a general medical institution in Seoul. The questionnaire was a modification of Kim (2008) and consisted of 18 questions about hand washing, personal protective equipment, sharps, linen and patient care equipment. Collected data were processed using SPSS 15.0 WIN. RESULTS: Mean scores for attitudes to standard precautions and for compliance with standard precautions were 4.43 (+/-0.83) and 4.22 (+/-0.44) respectively. This difference was statistically significant (t=3.368, p=.001). The nurses' compliance with standard precautions differed significantly according to the general characteristics of age (F=8.705, p<.001), total clinical experience (F=9.426, p<.001), current department experience (F=6.555, p<.001), and education experience (t=0.616, p<.043). There was a positive correlation between attitudes to, and compliance with, standard precautions (r=.156, p=.025). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that educational programs and policy on infection control and standard precautions for pediatric nurses are needed. Also these results should contribute to baseline data for establishing appropriate clinical policy on infection control.
Bedding and Linens ; Compliance ; Cross Infection ; Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Patient Care ; Pediatric Nursing ; Universal Precautions ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) that is seldom cited as a Kawasaki disease (KD) complication is known as an additional, potentially severe, and frequently irreversible sequel. Furthermore the vestibular functions of KD have been underestimated and it could be an important complication combined with SNHL in KD. We described a case that a 4 year-old boy who developed vestibular loss with SNHL has recovered successfully with a combined treatment.
Ear, Inner* ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Labyrinthitis* ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

Statistical analysis according to W.H.O. classification for the patients admitted the Ped. Dept. of Han-Il Hospital was carried out during 4 years from Jan. 1974 to Dec. 1977. The following results were observed. 1. Total No. of patient during 4 years period were 1955, of which 1199 were male(61.33%, 756 were female(38.67%) and male to femal ratio was 1.57:1. 2. There was no significant variation. 3. According to age, preschool aged group as the most frequent group consistin of 488 cases(24.49%), school aged group and adolescent in the order of frequency. 4. On monthly distribution, there was no significant variation 5. Most frequent diseases in pediatric age group were respiratory tract one, 851 cases(39.29%) : infectious and parasitic ones, 553(25.53%) and neonatal disease, 204 cases(9.42%) in the order of frequency. 6. Among respiratory tract disease, pneumonia was the most frequent one, 587 cases(27.10%). 7. Among infectious and parasitic disease group, gastrointestinal infectious one was the most frequent, 224 cases(10.34%) : other viral disease and tuberculosis in the order of frequency. 8. Among neonatal diseases, prematurity was the most frequent one, 82 cases(3.79%).
Adolescent ; Classification ; Humans ; Male ; Parasitic Diseases ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Tuberculosis ; Virus Diseases

We experienced a case of thanatophoric dwarfism with a relatively large head and shortened limbs. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical features, radiologic examinations and autopsy. A review of literature was made briefly.
Autopsy ; Diagnosis ; Extremities ; Head ; Thanatophoric Dysplasia