Fractures of the hip are usually classified first according to their anatomic location. Isolated fractures of the lesser or greater trochanter are not common and rarely requir surgery, Femoral neck fractures, intertrochanteric fractures, and subtrochanteric fractures are common categories that usually require open reduction and internal fixation. These fractures most often occur in elderly patients. The prognosis of these three major categories of hip fractures seems to be entirely different because of their anatomic characteristics. Seventy three cases of hip fractures were experienced at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eul-Ji General Hospital over the period from Jan. 1975 to Aug. 1980 and the following results were obtained. 1. Of the 73 hip fractures, femoral neck fractures were 28 cases (38.5%), intertrochanteric fractures were 23 cases (31.5%), subtrochanteric fractures 11 cases (15%), and acetabular, fractures 11 cases (15%). 2. Traffic accident was the major cause of hip fractures in our series. 42 cases (57.2%) were caused by traffic accident, whereas 27 cases (37.0%) by a fall from the height. 3. Hip fractures occured most frequently in the age group from 31 to 50 years (53.5%). Male to female ratio was 2:1. 4. Cases caused by traffic accident visited hospital earlier than the others. 5. The most common type was Garden's type IV (53.6%) in the femoral neck fractures, Boyd-Griffins type Il (47.8%) in the intertrochanteric fractures, and Fielding's type II (54.5%) in the subtrochanteric fractures. 6. Metal devices used to fix hip fractures were Knowles pin, Jewett nail plate, compression hip screw, plate and screws, and Kuntscher nail. Internal fixation was done anatomical reduction has been achieved in stable fractures, and Dimon-Hughston reduction in unstable fractures. 7. Postoperative cast immobillzation was performed in 13 cases of 21 femoral neck fractures, 15 cases of 22 intertrochanteric fractures and 6 cases of 11 subtrochanteric fractures. The average duration of immobilization was 10 to 12 weeks. 8. Incidence of avascular necrosis in femoral neck fractures was 16.7%, nonunion in intertrochanteric fractures was 11.8%, and nonunion is subtrochanteric fractures was 12.5%.
Accidents, Traffic ; Acetabulum ; Aged ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur ; Hip Fractures ; Hip ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Male ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Hospitals, Community* ; Humans

When an axon is severed, degenerative changes occur in the injured neuron as well as in those with which it has synaptic connections through transneuronal degeneration. Transneuronal degeneration includes all atrophic or degenerative changes that occur in nerve cells following the disappearance of their efferent (retrograde transneuronal degeneration) or afferent (anterograde transneuronal degeneration) connections. Previous studies have shown that transneuronal degeneration may occur in the neurons of various central nervous system following injury to their peripheral nerve. However, the effect of transneuronal degeneration on the neurons which are related with damaged neurons functionally and structurally is not elucidated yet. Denervation due to axonal degeneration or dysfunction of nerve cell bodies leads to physiological and biochemical changes in the skeletal muscles, and the extent of neuronal degeneration can be assessed through the muscle atrophy and the changes in muscle fiber type density. In order to identify the effect of transneuronal degeneration on the adjacent peripheral nerves as well as muscles, the left femoral nerve of Sprague -Dawley rats was transected, and changes in their spinal cords and hindlimb muscles were analysed morphologically and histochemically. The results obtained are as follows : 1. the motor neurons of ipsilateral anterior horn of femoral nerve transected rats showed reduction in size and degenerative features such as shriven shape and nucleus moved to periphery of the cell body. 2. All three muscle fiber types of rectus femoris and adductor longus were reduced in muscle fiber size, but no such changes were observed in semitendinosus. 3. In rectus femoris and adductor longus, type IIa muscle fiber was increased in number and the number of type IIb fiber was reduced, whereas no change was observed in all three muscle fiber types of semitendinosus. These findings indicate that damaged neurons following peripheral nerve injury can affect other adjacent neurons through transneuronal degeneration and cause the denervative changes in the muscles innervated by those adjacent neurons concomitantly, and such effects are only observed in the same spinal cord level.
Animals ; Axons ; Central Nervous System ; Denervation ; Femoral Nerve ; Hindlimb ; Horns ; Motor Neurons ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Muscular Atrophy ; Neurons ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries* ; Peripheral Nerves* ; Quadriceps Muscle ; Rats* ; Spinal Cord

Inverted papilloma of the urinary tract is a unique and rare tumor. Although it is generally considered a benign lesion, the tumor has the possibility of malignant change. The most commonly associated clinical symptoms are hematuria and obstruction of urinary tract. We report a case of ureteral inverted papilloma which was proved histologically with the review of literature.
Hematuria ; Papilloma, Inverted* ; Ureter* ; Urinary Tract

Inverted papilloma of the urinary tract is a unique and rare tumor. Although it is generally considered a benign lesion, the tumor has the possibility of malignant change. The most commonly associated clinical symptoms are hematuria and obstruction of urinary tract. We report a case of ureteral inverted papilloma which was proved histologically with the review of literature.
Hematuria ; Papilloma, Inverted* ; Ureter* ; Urinary Tract

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Snake Bites* ; Snakes*

No abstract available.
Snake Bites* ; Snakes*

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome is a rare disease and is characterized by bilateral uveitis, exudative retinal detachment, dysacousia, alopecia, poliosis and signs of central nervous system involvement including headache and increase in pressure and cellular content of the cerebrospinal fluid. Its cause is unknown, but the findings in patients and the results of previous studies suggest that V-K-H disease is a cell-mediated autoimmune disorder in which a component of myelin acts as an inciting antigen. Recently many investigators have demonstrated the usefullness of cytotoxic metabolic inhibitors in suppressing uveal inflammation except V-K-H disease. And so this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of cyclophosphamide treatment in 4 patients who were resistance to steroids among the patients who were already diagnosed V-K-H disease. Cyclophosphamide was administrated every other day single dose which was 2 mg/kg/day. The results were as follows: 1. The results came out to be that there were loss of intraocular inflammation and increase of visual acuity after cyclophosphamide treatment from 3 months to 6 months and there was no recurrence in follow-up period during about 6 months. 2. The amplitude of scotopic b-wave in patient's electroretinogram during treatment was increased and latency of P1 wave of visual evoked potential was shortened with increase of amplitude of P1 wave, and so the results were showed recovery of retinal damage and optic nerve inflammation. 3. The total dose of cyclophosphamide treatment during treatment from 3 months to 6 months was from 5,600 mg to 12,000 mg, but there was no side effect, that is, decrease of plasma cell count and leukocyte count during treatment and follow-up period.
Alopecia ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Cyclophosphamide ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Leukocyte Count ; Myelin Sheath ; Optic Nerve ; Plasma Cells ; Rare Diseases ; Recurrence ; Research Personnel ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Steroids ; Uveitis ; Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome* ; Visual Acuity