No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Myxoma*

No abstract available.
Carbon*

No abstract available.
Mitral Valve* ; Quinidine*

No abstract available.
Perfusion* ; Transplants*

Cervical epidural steroid injection is frequently used in the conservative management of neck pain and cervical radiculopathy. Epidural cervical transforaminal injections are usually well-tolerated with mild side effects such as transient decreased sensory and motor function, or headache due to dural puncture. Although there are a few case reports about adverse effects of cervical epidural injection in the literature, it can cause severe complications such as large hematoma, infarction by spinal vascular injury. Subdural hematoma has been occurred much less common rather than epidural hematoma in the spinal cord. We report a rare catastrophic case of cervical spinal subdural hematoma with quadriparesis after cervical transforaminal epidural block.
Headache ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural* ; Hematoma, Subdural, Spinal ; Infarction ; Injections, Epidural ; Neck Pain ; Punctures ; Quadriplegia* ; Radiculopathy ; Spinal Cord ; Vascular System Injuries

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular function and left ventricular hypertrophy often show weak correlation with the degree of blood pressure in hypertensive patients. So we assessed correlation of hemodynamic load to left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular performance, and whether left ventricular wall stress is the major factor on the regulation of left ventricular function. METHODS: Relationships between echocardiographic hemodynamic parameters and indices of left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular function were evaluated in 40 patients with essential hypertension who have not been previously treated. RESULTS: Left ventricular mass index correlated weakly with blood pressure, cardiac index, and stroke volume. End-diastolic left ventricular relative wall thickness, as an index that assess the severity of concentric hypertrophy showed significantly negative correlation with cardiac index (r=-0.49, p<0.001),stroke index(r=-0.46, p<0.001) and a positive correlation with total peripheral resistance (r=0.55, p<0.001). Furthermore, patient with cardiac indices tend to have higher end-diastolic wall thickness at any given level of blood pressure. Fractional shortening suggesting left ventricular systolic function was not related with blood pressure. stroke volume, cardiac index, left ventricular mass index, and peak systolic wall stress. In contrast there were significant negative correlations between fractional shortening with mean wall stress index (r=-0.42, p<0.005) and with end-systolic wall stress (r=-0.72, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that anatomic and hemodynamic changes may be pathophysiologically interdependent and left ventricular function was regulated by the level of left ventricular wall stresses reflecting afterload (blood pressure).
Blood Pressure ; Echocardiography ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Hypertrophy ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular* ; Stroke Volume ; Vascular Resistance ; Ventricular Function, Left

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1984 to 1994, 136 patients underwent primary and isolated aortic valve replacement with 79 Carbomedics and 57 St. Jude prostheses. RESULTS: Age ranged from 16 to 67 year (mean : 44.5+/-12.7 years). Statistically significant differences in preoperative clinical characteristics between two groups were not found. There was one early death in the St. Jude group and none in the Carbomedics group. Early prosthetic valve-related complications including death were not significantly different between the two groups (p value= 0.572). One hundred thirty five early survivors were followed for a total of 354.2 patient-years (mean=31.5+/-16 months). In the CarboMedics group, actuarial survial rate at 5 years was 97.1+/-1.9%, and in the St. Jude group, it was 95.9+/-2.8%. In the CarboMedics group, actuarial free rate from all valve-related events at 5 years was 92.1+/-3.1%, and in St. Jude group, it was 89.8+/-5.0%. CONCLUSION: We conclude that early and late results after performing isolated aortic valve replacement with CarboMedics and St. Jude valve are not significantlly different.
Aortic Valve* ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants* ; Survivors