No abstract available.
Neuroendoscopy*

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVE: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is an uncommon cerebrovascular disorder, characterized by progressive occlusion at the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery. Incidence of the disease is high in East Asia and familial MMD accounts for about 15% of the disease. Although the pathogenesis is unknown, association of HLA class I or II alleles with MMD has been reported with conflicting results. We investigated whether there is a difference in HLA class II association between familial and non-familial forms of the disease. METHODS: A total of 70 Korean children with MMD, including 16 familial cases (10 probands), and 207 healthy controls were studied. Among familial cases, only 10 probands were used for the HLA frequency analysis. High resolution HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence specific oligonucleotide hybridization and PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism methods. RESULTS: The phenotype frequencies of HLA-DRB1*1302 (70.0%) and DQB1*0609 (40.0%) were significantly increased in familial MMD compared to both controls [vs. 15.5%, corrected p (pc) = 0.008, odds ratio (OR) = 12.76; vs. 4.3%, pc = 0.02, OR = 14.67] and non-familial MMD patients (vs. 14.8%, pc = 0.02, OR = 13.42; vs. 1.9%, pc = 0.02, OR = 35.33). The frequencies of DRB1 and DQB1 alleles in non-familial MMD patients were not significantly different from those in controls. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the genetic polymorphism of HLA class II genes or other closely linked disease relevant gene(s) could be a genetic predisposing factor for familial MMD.
Alleles ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Child ; Chimera ; Far East ; Genes, MHC Class II ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; HLA-DR Antigens ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Humans ; Incidence ; Moyamoya Disease ; Odds Ratio ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic

No abstract available.
Craniosynostoses*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze industrial workers' stresses from physical symptoms, PWI, JCQ and tasks in classification of Sasang constitutions. METHOD: Data were collected from industrial workers in J Province from May 2003 to June 2003. Questionnaires were distributed and collected on the day of their physical examination. Collected data were analysed through chi2-test. RESULT: Health-related characteristics showed that most of smokers and drinkers were Taeumins and this result was statistically significant. Physical symptoms related to constitutions indicated that GI and neurologic symptoms are significantly more frequent in Soeumin. The percentage of subjects with moderate risk was high in order of Soyangin, Taeumin and Soeumin while the percentage of subjects with high risk was high in order of Soeumin, Taeumin and Soyangin. CONCLUSION: Through this study, Lee Jae Ma's theory was be confirmed compatible with disease characteristics. However, research with more various subjects and variables needs to be made.
Classification ; Constitution and Bylaws* ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Physical Examination ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Skull Base* ; Skull*

No abstract available.
Epidural Abscess*

A clinical analysis on the 33 cases of the collateral ligament injuries of the knee joint was made. Those cases were classified in three groups depend upon the width of the joint space by means of stress-radiogram as one plue (less than 5 mm), two plus(5~10 mm), and three plus(more than 10 mm). Twenty one cases were three plus group and were treated operatively and remaining had conservative treatment. This injury is more prevalent in male with the peak in male with the peak incidence of 21~30 years old age group. The most common site of injury of medial collateral ligament is the mid-portion of the ligament where cross the joint line by the 42.3% on operated cases. The lateral collateral ligament has no specific location of injury but more even on its whole length of femoral or fibullar attachment and mid-portion of the ligament. Results were evaluated in three groups of excellent, good and poor. Six out of 12 cases of conservative treatment and nine out of 21 cases of operative group were excellent in result without joint instability, pain and muscle weakness on walking and flexion was available more than 120 degress. Four cases of conservative treatment group and ten of operative group were good in result with occasional pain on walking, mild degree of instability and range of joint motion between 100 to 120 degrees. Four cases had poor result with pain on walking, marked joint instability and less than 100 degrees of joint motion. Overall result of more than good were 90.5% in operative group and 83.3% in conservative treatment group.
Clinical Study ; Collateral Ligaments ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joint Instability ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; Ligaments ; Male ; Muscle Weakness ; Walking

Calcaneus is very important in weight bearing and maintaining the normal contour of the foot. Many diseases can cause the cyst-like destructive changes of the calcaneus. In most cases, histological confirmation and bacteriological examination are necessary for the final diagnosis. In recent years, four cases of the cyst-like destructive lesions of the calcaneus were treated and had satisfactory results. They were confirmed with biopsy and bacterial culture as followings; acute osteomyelitis, chronic osteomyelitis, tuberculous osteomyelitis and simple bone cyst. Operations on the osteomyelitis were curettage with or without sequestrectomy and the simple bone cyst the curettage and bone graft. After operations, proper antibiotics and plaster immobilization followed routinely.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biopsy ; Bone Cysts ; Calcaneus ; Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Foot ; Immobilization ; Osteomyelitis ; Transplants ; Weight-Bearing

A statistical analysis was made on 59 patients of bone tumors who were treated at medical center from March, 1971 to February, 1978. The results were as follows. 1. Thirty nine cases(66%) were benign and twenty cases (34%) were malignant 2. Osteochondroma was the most common benign bone tumor (38.5%) and followed by simple bone cyst(17.9%), enchondroma(10.3%), osteoid osteoma(10.3%) and giant cell tumor(7.7%). 3. The knee joint area was the most common site of osteochondroma(95%) and its peak incidence was in the second decade. 4. Two of three cases of giant cell tumor were recurred at six months and three years after surgical intervention. 5. 11 cases(55%) out of 20 malignant bone tumor were primary tumors of osteogenic sarcoma(9 cases), Ewing's sarcoma(1 case) and multiple myeloma(1 case). Rest of 9 cases(45%) were metastatic bone tumors. 6. The primary organs of the metastatic bone tumor were kidney(2 cases), thyroid and lung(each 1 case), but the 5 cases were undetectable. The most common site of metastasis were spine and pelvis.
Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee Joint ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Osteochondroma ; Pelvis ; Spine ; Statistics as Topic ; Thyroid Gland