During the period from January 1978 to December 1980, 46 patients who were taken RGP were analyzed and observed as follows. 1) RGP was performed 46 patients who were not defined exactly on IVP. 2) Undefined findings on IVP that was performed RGP classified into four group as follows. Group I : Abnormal changes or poor visualization of calyx, pelvis and ureter; 17 (32.7%) Group II : Hydronephrosis; 12 cases (23.1%) Group III : Delayed visualization; 9 cases (17.3%) Group IV : Non-visualization; 14 cases (26.9%) 3) Of the 46 patients (52 kidneys), 35 patients (41 kidneys) were defined with RGP and remained 11 patients (11 kidneys) had been required other special urologic studies for further evaluation.
Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Pelvis ; Ureter ; Urography*

Female cystourethritis is one of the most common urologic problems encountered in all age groups and it forms a greater proportion of the female patients on urologic practice. During the two-rear period (from March 1, 1977 to February 28, 1979), 208 cases of female cystourethritis were observed and the following results were obtained. 1) The age distribution is between 8 and 73 years of age, showing the highest incidence in 25 to 41 years of age (64.5%). 2) On duration of symptoms, 55.8% of cases were less than 1 week but 2.9% of cases were more than 5 years. 3) In order of frequency, the urinary symptoms were frequent urination in 57.7%, tenesmus in. 38.9% and dysuria in 30.8%. The extra-urinary symptoms were suprapubic discomfort in 49.0%. back pain in 30.8% and vaginal discharge in 13.0%. 4) On laboratory findings, normal urinalysis was revealed in 64.9% and bacteria was recovered in 25.5% of cases. Of vaginal smear, 56.4% of cases were normal. 5) The cystoscopic findings; trigonal hyperemia and swelling (37. 1%), trabeculation (28. 9%). localized hyperemia (21.6%) and normal (35. 1%). 6) Urethral endoscopic findings were classified with Kim`s classification: Group I : Almost normal urethra and bladder neck or with very mild mucosal changes 32 cases (16. 5%) Group II : Mild granular hyperemia of the urethral mucosa with almost normal bladder neck 55 case (28.4%). Group III : Marked bulbous and granular hyperemia of the urethral mucosa and mild bulbous bladder neck with a few pseudopolyps 92 cases (47.1%) Group IV : Marked bullous and granular hyperemia of the urethra and granular marked bullous bladder neck with many pseudopolyps 15 cases (7.7%)
Age Distribution ; Back Pain ; Bacteria ; Classification ; Dysuria ; Female* ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Incidence ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Urethra ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Urination ; Vaginal Discharge ; Vaginal Smears

BACKGROUND: Remifentanil appears to have a pharmacologic profile similar to other potent mu agonists, but with exceptionally short lasting pharmacokinetics. It is likely to make it a very useful opioid for clinical practice. The bispectral index (BIS) has been used as an indicator of sedative state and has been considered to be related to anesthetic agents and noxious stimulus. The purpose of this study is to compare sedative and cardiovascular effects of remifentanil and fentanyl during target controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol by monitoring BIS and hemodynamics. METHODS: Fifty-two patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to remifentanil group and fentanyl group with 26 cases in each group. Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4microgram/ml) and either remifentanil (0.5microgram/kg) or fentanyl (1.5microgram/kg) and was maintained with inhalation of 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen mixture and a continuous infusion of either remifentanil (0.2microgram/kg/min) or fentanyl (0.03microgram/kg/min). Depth of anesthesia, hemodynamic changes and adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS: The number of patients exhibited light depth of anesthesia during tracheal intubation and maintenance in the remifentanil group was significantly lesser than that in the fentanyl group (P<0.05). During intubation, skin incision, maintenance of anesthesia and extubation, remifentanil group shows lesser fluctuation of hemodynamic value than those in the fentanyl group (P<0.05). BIS was significantly decreased both groups during infusion of propofol, but no difference was found between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the aspect of adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS: Remifentanil with propofol TCI based anesthetic can prevent the fluctuation of heart rate and mean arterial pressure during the operation especially, during intubation.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Fentanyl* ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Inhalation ; Intubation ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Pharmacokinetics ; Propofol* ; Skin

A Clinic study was made on 140 cases of acute appendicitis in children under the age of 15 which were treated at National Seoul Hospital during the past 10 years from Jan. 1971 to dec. 1980. The following results were obtained. 1) The disease is relatively uncommon under the age of 6, and showed a progressive increase from 6 to 15 years old. The ratio between male and female was within 1.5:1 and there was no significant difference in the seasonal distribution. 2) The duration from onset to admission was within 24 hours in imperforated group and within 48 hours in a perforated one. 3) The over-all perforation rate was 13.6%. 4) The average leukocyte count was 10,000~15,000/mm and leukocytosis was noted in 70.7%. In 56.7% of cases neutrophil count was above 75%. 5) The complications occurred mainly in a perforated group and they were wound infection. 6) The average hospital days were 5.3days in an imperforated group and 10.2 days in a perforated one. 7) There was no mortality.
Adolescent ; Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Mortality ; Neutrophils ; Seasons ; Seoul ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Ganglioneuroblastoma*

Yolk-sac tumor in the testis is a very rare testicular tumor, most of which occurred in young children. Typical microscopic finding of yolk-sac tumor reveals perivascular mantles (Schiller-Duval body) with papillary structure. In the absence of distant metastasis, prognosis of yolk-sac tumor is known to be good. Recently. we experienced a case of yolk-sac tumor of the testis in 19 months male infant who had pulmonary metastasis with poor prognosis.
Child ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; Humans ; Infant* ; Male* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prognosis ; Testis*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the preliminary results using the 4+5 extensor compartmental vascularized bone graft for the treatment of stage III Kienbock's disease and to report the usefulness of this procedure. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out on five patients who had undergone 4+5 extensor compartmental vascularized bone graft for stage III Kienbock's disease between Jan. 2005 and Aug. 2006. All patients were composed of two patients in stage IIIA and three patients in stage IIIB according to Lichtman classification. The radiographic findings were evaluated by carpal height ratio, Stahl's index, ulnar variance and scapholunate angle. The clinical outcome was assessed using the Mayo wrist score. RESULTS: The mean age of 43.4 years(range, 21-61) and the mean follow up of 23.6 months(range, 14-31) were presented. All patients were satisfied and the mean Mayo wrist score was 78(range, 70-85). Two patients showed further lunate collapse on follow-up radiographs. Four patients had no pain in the activity of daily living, one patient had a mild occasional pain. CONCLUSION: The 4+5 extensor compartmental vascularized bone graft for the surgical treatment of stage III Kienbock's disease is the effective treatment showing satisfactory clinical results, but a lunate collapse proceeds. Before this operation, the possibility of lunate collapse should be considered.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Osteonecrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants ; Wrist

One case of giant hydronephrosis associated with staghorn calculus was presented in 65 year old man. It`s containing fluid was about 4,000ml in amount. We reported this cases with a brief review of the literature.
Aged ; Calculi* ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The transmission routes of HCV infection were not determined in the half of the HCV infected patients. So intrafamilial personal contact, sexual contact, vertical transmission and some vectors are supposed as a route of HCV infection. We investigated the prevalence of anti-HCV positivity in healthy Korean children and compared with the data from the healthy adults whether the vertical transmission is feasible. METHODS: Serum samples from 2,080 children in 8 elementary schools were tested for serum aminotransferases, hepatitis B viral markers by radioimmu- noassay, and anti-HCV by the third generation EIA. Sera from anti-HCV positive children were tested for HCV-RNA by RT-PCR. Six months later, same tests were repeated. RESULTS: Anti-HCV was positive in 17 children among 2,080(0.82%). Among 17 anti-HCV positive children, HCV-RNA was detected only in one case and the HCV genotype was type II by Okamotos classification. Anti-HCV was tested again in 7 of 17 anti-HCV positive children after 6 months later and all of these children were anti-HCV positive and additional 3 of 19 family members were anti-HCV positive. But HCV-RAN was not detected in alL CONCLUSION: Anti-HCV positive rate in children was 0.81%.
Adult ; Biomarkers ; Child* ; Classification ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Prevalence* ; Transaminases

BACKGROUND: The major transmission route of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is transfusion of blood or blood products. But transfusion history is found only in half of HCV infected patients. In half of the patients the transmission routes of HCV were not determined. We estimate the prevalence of anti HCV in family members of the patients with HCV. METHODS: We tested anti-HCV by using the second generation enzyme immunoassay and measured HCV-RNA by PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Serum samples from 135 adults who are family members of patients with anti-HCV positive liver disease were tested for serum aminotrasferase activities, hepatitis B viral markers by radioimmunoassay, and anti-HCV by EIA. RESULTS: anti-HCV positive rate in family members of the patients with HCV was 1.48% (2/135). This positive rate was not different from the studies of anti-HCV in general population in Korea (1.44%). CONCLUSION: Interfamilial transmission of HCV may probably occur, but it is uncommon being compare with other diseases such as HBV or HIV.
Adult ; Biomarkers ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B ; HIV ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Radioimmunoassay