Most patients who have spondylolysis dont's need surgical treatment. However, for the patients who have no response to conservative treatment, surgical treatment may be indicated. In 1970, Buck reported the operative technique that the used two screws between the pars defect and lamina followed by bone graft. In patients who have spondyloysis, pain in the back seems to be due to instability and irritation of nerve root by the abnormal motion of the loose neural arch and granulation tissue. For period of 7 years from May, 1984 to March, 1991, twelve patients with spondyloysis who had no response to conservative treatment were treated with Buck's operation and were analyzed. Following results were obtained: 1. The age of the patients was 24 years in average ranging from 14 to 40 years. 2. The level of the lesion was L5 in 10 cases, L4 in 2 cases. 3. Preoperative clinical feature included low back pain in 12 cases, refered pain in 2 cases. 4. Clinical sympotoms were improved in 83%, and the follow up result of the operation: excellent 16.7%, good 66.6% and poor 16.7%.
Follow-Up Studies ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Spondylolysis ; Transplants

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors mainly originating in the pleura. Since complete resection is the most important prognostic factor, typical surgical approach has been open laparotomy. In this report, we present a unusual case of large retropancreatic SFT that was successfully treated via laparoscopic resection. A 22-year-old female was diagnosed with a 8×7 cm-sized well-demarcated mass with multiple loculating and enhancing solid portions on the left adrenal fossa. The mass showed no definite invasion of adjacent organs and laparoscopic resection was planned. Using blunt dissection and individual vessel ligation, the operation was successful. The operative time was 220 minutes, and the amount of intraoperative blood loss was estimated to be within 100 ml. The patient recovered without complications. Laparoscopic excision of large retroperitoneal SFTs can be safe and feasible if there is no evidence of local invasion or malignancy on preoperative radiologic images.
Female ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Ligation ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Operative Time ; Pleura ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors* ; Young Adult

Ectopic pancreas is commonly located at stomach, duodenum and jejunum. It is a relatively rare entity and is usually of no clinical importance which especially is a very rare source of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We have recently experienced a case of an ectopic pancreas in the second portion of the duodenum which was proven to be a source of massive gastrointestinal bleeding by duodenoscopy and was confirmed by surgical exploration.
Duodenoscopy ; Duodenum* ; Esophagus* ; Hemorrhage* ; Intestines* ; Jejunum ; Pancreas* ; Stomach*

BACKGROUND: The p16INK4a (p16) tumor suppressor gene is frequently inactivated in human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), predominantly through homozygous deletion or in association with aberrant promotor hypermethylation. Death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) gene influences interferon γ-induced apoptotic cell death and has important role in metastasis of lung cancer in animal model. Hypermethylation of promoter region of DAP kinase gene may suppress the expression of this gene. METHODS: This study was performed to investigate the aberrant methylation of p16 or DAP kinase in 35 resected primary NSCLCs by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and demonstrated frequency, diagnostic value and clinical implication of aberrant methylation of two genes. RESULTS: Thirty-two cases were male patients, and 3 cases were female patients with an average age was 57.8±10.5 years. The histologic types of lung cancer were 22 of squamous cell carcinoma, 12 of adenocarcinoma, 1 of large cell carcinoma. Pathologic stages were 11 cases of stage I(1 IA,10 IB), 13 cases of stage II (1 IIA, 12 IIB), and 11 cases of stage III(9 IIIA, 2 IIIB). Regarding for the cancer tissue, p16 aberrant methylation was noted in 13 case of 33 cases (39.4%), DAP kinase in 21 cases of 35 cases (60%). Age over 55 year was associated with p16 aberrant methylation significantly (p<0.05). Methylation status of two genes was not different by smoking history, histologic type, size of tumor, lymph node metastasis and disease progression of lung cancer. There was no correlation between p16 and DAP kinase hypermethylation. CONCLUSION: This investigation demonstrates that aberrant methylation of p16 tumor suppressor gene or DAP kinase showed relatively high frequency (74.3%) in NSCLCs, and that these genes could be a biologic marker for early detection of lung cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biomarkers ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Death ; Death-Associated Protein Kinases ; Disease Progression ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor* ; Humans ; Interferons ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Methylation* ; Models, Animal ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Kinases* ; Smoke ; Smoking

PURPOSE: Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is the necrotic vasculitis affecting middle and small-sized arteries throughout the body including ocular tissue. We report an atypical PAN case of unilateral central retinal artery occlusion in which the ocular involvement occurred before systemic symptoms. CASE SUMMARY: A 58-year-old male visited the ophthalmology department due to abruptly decreased visual acuity. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.05 (in the right eye) and 1.0 (in the left eye) basedon the Snellen chart. He complained of acute decreased vision occurring ten days prior and intermittent migraine on the right side with no underlying diseases, such as hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Relative afferent pupillary defect was observed in the right eye. Generalized edema was found around the optic disc and fovea on fundus examination and optical coherence tomography. The patient was diagnosed with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) based on a fluorescein angiography. Subsequently, PAN was diagnosed based on clinical features, laboratory test results and imaging studies. The treatment was started with an immunosuppressive agent. One month later, the BCVA was 0.05 based on the Snellen chart. CONCLUSIONS: In PAN patients, decreased vision can occur as a first symptom due to CRAO. If the patient visits the ophthalmology clinic, history taking and laboratory tests for PAN can aid in early diagnosis and treatment, as well as preventing additional complications of PAN.
Arteries ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Early Diagnosis ; Edema ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders ; Ophthalmology ; Polyarteritis Nodosa* ; Pupil Disorders ; Retinal Artery Occlusion ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Vasculitis ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: The aim of gender verification test is to maintain impartiality among female competitors by excluding males in women's sports competitions. Some microscopic methods such as X-chromatin test and Y-chromatin test had been used for this purpose. Because of their known shortcomings, the methods were replaced with the polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based test. In this report we describe the assay used in the gender verification during the '99 Kangwon Asian Winter Games. METHODS: Buccal smear samples of 126 female competitors were obtained. These samples underwent digestion with proteinase K, and were followed by boiling treatment with Chelex resin. PCR was performed to detect the sex determining region of Y chromosome(SRY) in order to confirm the femininity, and beta globin region was coamplified for confirming that the DNA was extracted from buccal cells. An X-Y homologous region encoded amelogenin was also amplified so that the femininity could be reconfirmed. RESULTS: No SRY and Y-amelogenin like sequences were amplified in any of samples of 126 female competitors analysed. CONCLUSIONS: Established gender verification method based on PCR amplification of Y chromosomal DNA seems to be superior to others. Sampling is simple. The procedure of extracting DNA is simple, rapid, and does not require multiple tube transfers. False positivity and/or false negativity appear to be less. It appear that this method is useful and reliable for gender verification in international sports events.
Amelogenin ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; beta-Globins ; Digestion ; DNA* ; Endopeptidase K ; Female ; Femininity ; Gangwon-do* ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sports

No abstract available.
Aspergillosis*

OBJECTIVES: To estimate false-negative rate of cervical smears using Autopap 300 QC system in rescreening modality. METHODS: From September 1997 to December 1997, Total 26,983 cervical smears were obtained and 18,592 cervical smears were rescreened by Autopap 300 QC system with 10% review rate. The 274 cases of total 26,983 cervieal smears were confirmed histologically by colposcopic biopsy, cone biopsy and hysterectomy. The 274 cases of cervical smears, which obtained prior to pathologic diagnosis made, were evaluated based on cyto-histologic correlation and then the false negative rate were estimated. The cervical smears were reviewed, researching for the cause of false negative. RESULTS: (1) Histologic diagnosis of 274 cases include 65 cases of Low SIL, 173 cases of High SIL, 29 cases of SCC, 2 cases of adenocarcinoma in situ, and 5 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma. (2) The false negative rate were 3% (9/274). Those were 6.2%(4/65) of LSIL, 2.3% (4/173) Of HSIL, none of SCC and AIS, and 20%(5/1) of invasive adenocarcinoma. (3) The false negative cases were reviewed. The 6 cases were sampling enor and 3 cases were screening error. CONCLUSION: Using AutoPap 300 QC system in rescreening modality, The false negative rate of cervical smears were decreased, compared with our previous study.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Hysterectomy ; Mass Screening ; Vaginal Smears